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6. padagaLa oLaracane
6.1 munnOTa
mUladrAviDadalli mukyavAgi kriyApada, nAmapada mattu guNapadagaLemba mUru rItiya padagaLiddirabEku. I padagaLige kelasagaLannu tiLisuvudu (kriyApada), antaha kelasagaLalli toDagidda vyakti, vastu modalAduvannu hesarisuvudu (nAmapada) mattu guNagaLannu sUcisuvudu (guNapada) embudAgi mUru rItiya kelasagaLidduvu mattu idakkAgi avu mUru rItiya artagaLannu mattu mUru rItiya oLaracanegaLannu paDedirabEkAgittu.
idallade, I mUru rItiya padagaLa oLaracaneyallU nAma bEru, kriyAbEru mattu guNabEru emba mUru bEre bEre rItiya bErugaLu baLakeyAguttiddirabEku. I bErugaLige yAva oTTannU sErisade avannu nEravAgi nAmapada, kriyApada mattu guNapadagaLAgi vAkyagaLalli baLasalu sAdyavittAda kAraNa, avakke mElina hesarugaLannu koDalAgide.
mUladrAviDakke kalpisikoLLalu sAdyaviruvantaha kelavu bEru
gaLannu keLage udAharaNegaLAgi koDalAgide.
mUladrAviDada nAmabErugaLu
*AL ‘ALu’’
*kaN ‘kaNNu’’
*il ‘mane’ *kuppa ‘rASi’’
*kAy ‘kAyi’’
*kal ‘kallu’ *kAl ‘kAlu’
*nAT ‘nADu’
*peN ‘hengasu’’ *pul ‘hullu’
*kaL ‘kaLLu’’ *kUT ‘gUDu’’ *Yam ‘navilu’’ *tEr ‘tEru’ *nIr ‘nIru’
mUladrAviDada kriyAbErugaLu *pAT ‘hADu’’ *pU ‘araLu’ *mEy ‘mEyu’’ *col ‘mAtADu’’ *kappa ‘muccu’ *AR ‘Aru’ *niR ‘tumbu’’ *o ‘oppu’
*nakka ‘nakku’’
*key ‘mADu’’ *pO ‘hOgu’’ *vil ‘mAru’
*kAN ‘kANu’’ *pAr ‘nODu’’ *kuZ ‘honDa’’
mUladrAviDada guNabErugaLu
*eR ‘kempu’’ *kiR ‘cikka’ *mE ‘mEle’’
*pac ‘hasuru’’ *kar ‘kappu’ *coTTa ‘kunTu’’ *nal ‘oLLe’’
*kIZ ‘keLage’’ *mun ‘munde’’ *taN ‘taNNage’ *tE ‘sihi’ *kay ‘kahi’’ *pin ‘hinde’’ *veL ‘biLi’
I mUru rItiya bErugaLu mAtravallade bEreyU kelavu rItiya bErugaLu mattu padagaLu mUladrAviDadallidduvu. udAharaNegAgi, ADuga padagaLu, tOruga padagaLu mattu eNikeya padagaLu embantaha mUru rItiya padagaLiddu avugaLalli mUru rItiya bErugaLu baLakeyAguttidduvu. Adare ivugaLalli pratiyondu rItiya padagaLallU kelavE kelavu bErugaLu mAtra baLakeyAguttidduvu.
udAharaNegAgi, *An, *nIn mattu *tAn emba mUru
bErugaLu mAtra ADuga padagaLalli baLakeyAguttave.
eNikeya padagaLalli idakkinta svalpa heccu, endare hannondu bErugaLive. vyakti illavE vastugaLa pramANavannu sUcisuva *kil-a ‘kelavu’, *pal-a ‘halavu’, *el-a ‘ella’ mattu *ko-Yca- gumpinallirisabahudAgiddu, ivugaLalli bEre kelavu bErugaLu baLakeyAgive.
padagaLannu
innondu
tOruga padagaLalliyU heccu bErugaLu baLakeyAguvudilla. avannella *A, *I, *U mattu *yA emba nAlku bErugaLondige bEre bEre oTTugaLannu sErisi racisalAgide.
6.2 bErugaLa svarUpa
mUladrAviDa padagaLalli baruva bErugaLa kuritu keLage koTTiru vantaha kelavu sAmAnya sangatigaLannu kalpisikoLLalAgide.
(1) I bErugaLalli ondE ondu ulikante mAtra iddirabEku mattu A ulikanteyalli ondu udda illavE giDDa svara avaSyavAgiyU bandirabEku. udAharaNegAgi, keLage koTTiruva mUladrAviDa bErugaLannu gamanisabahudu.
uddasvaraviruva bErugaLu: *Ay ‘tAyi’, *kAl ‘kAlu’,
*pU ‘hUvu’.
giDDasvaraviruva bErugaLu: *ten ‘tenka’, *eN ‘eNisu’,
*kol ‘kollu’.
(2) I svarada modalu mattu anantara vyanjanagaLu baruttira bahudu illavE adarondige yAva vyanjanavU bAradirabahudu. bErugaLannu koTTiruva udAharaNegaLAgi koDabahudu.
mUladrAviDa
keLage
ondu svara mAtra iruva bErugaLu: *o ‘oppu’, *I
‘hAru’, *A ‘dana’.
svarada modalu ondu vyanjana bandiruva bErugaLu: *po
‘tUtu mADu’, *kA ‘kApADu’, *tE ‘sihi’, *pU ‘hUvu’.
svarada anantara ondu vyanjana bandiruva bErugaLu: *ir
‘iru’, *EZ ‘tirugu’ *or ‘ondu’.
svarada modalu ondu vyanjana mattu svarada anantaravU ondu vyanjana bandiruva bErugaLu: *kaL ‘kadi’, *kAN ‘kANu’, *pAR ‘hAru’, *tEr ‘tEru’.
(3) mUladrAviDa bErugaLalli svarada modalu ondu vyanjana mAtra baraballudu. idu Ra, Ta, ra, la, La illavE Za vyanjanagaLannu vyanjanavU Agiraballudu: *kaN ‘kaNNu’, *col ‘mAtanADu’, *ten ‘tenku’, pal ‘hallu’, *YanT ‘EDi’, *nakka ‘nakku’, *mIn ‘mInu’, *yAn-(ay) ‘Ane’, *vAy ‘bAyi’.
horatupaDisi
yAva
bEre
(4) bErugaLa modalige v, y illavE Y vyanjana bandideyAdare, adara anantara ukAra mattu okAragaLu baralAravu. yakAra mattu YakAragaLu bandiveyAdare avugaLa anantara akAra vyatyAsakke mattu ekAragaLa artavyatyAsavannu sUcisuva Saktiyilla.
naDuvina
(5) bErugaLa koneyalli Ya mUguliyondannu biTTu bEre ellA vyanjanagaLU baraballuvu: *pak-(al) ‘hagalu’, *kec- (aR) ‘kesaru’, *oT-(ay) ‘oDe’, *AR ‘Aru’, *kut- (i) ‘nege’, *cup ‘uppu’, *peN ‘heNNu’, *in ‘sihi’, *kem ‘kempu’, *koy ‘koyyu’, *pav-(aL) ‘havaLa’, *AL ‘ALu’, *kal ‘kallu’, *kIZ ‘keLage’, *pAr ‘nODu’.
(6) bErugaLa koneyalli baruva taDeyuli otte rUpadalli
mAtravallade immaDi rUpadallU iraballudu.
udAharaNegAgi, *kaTTa ‘kaTTu’ embudara koneya vyanjana immaDi rUpadallide, Adare *keT ‘keDu’ embudaralli adu otte rUpadallide.
(7) svarada anantara bErugaLa koneyalli banda vyanjana taDeyuliyAgiddalli, adara anantara uccAraNegAgi ondu ukAra bandiruttade.
udAharaNegAgi, *iT-u ‘iDu’, *AT-u ‘ADu’, *nakka- u ‘nakku’, *ampa-u ‘ambu’, *vitta-u ‘bIja’ modalAda bErugaLa koneyalli intaha ukAravide. mEle koTTiruva udA haraNegaLalli uccAraNegAgi baruttidda I ukAravannu tOrisilla.
mUladrAviDada I
mukyavAgi kriyAbErugaLa mElina samSOdaneya mEle avalambiside. nAma
bErugaLa
svarUpa
mattu guNabErugaLa kuritAgi heccina samSOdane naDedilla. hAgAgi, avugaLa svarUpa idakkinta bErAgiralU sAdyavide.
nAmabErugaLigU kriyAbErugaLigU naDuve kANisuva ondu mukyavAda vyatyAsavEnendare, kriyAbErugaLalli heccinavU avugaLa bErina rUpadallE ondalla ondu drAviDa nuDiyalli baLakeyAgu ttiruttave. idallade, avugaLinda paDeyalAguva nAmapada mattu guNapadagaLallU bEru mattu oTTugaLa naDuvina vyatyAsa spaSTavAgi kANisikoLLuttade. hAgAgi, avugaLa bErina svarUpavannu tiLiyalu mattu oTTugaLinda adannu bErpaDisalu kaSTavAguvudilla.
Adare, heccina nAmapadagaLU ivattina drAviDa nuDigaLalli avugaLa pUrNarUpadalli, endare bEru mattu oTTugaLu sEri baruttave. bErugaLannu oTTugaLinda bErpaDisuva kelasa aSTondu sulabavalla.
hAgAgi avugaLalli
udAharaNegAgi, kannaDada handi, tamiLina panRi, tuLuvina panji, gOnDiya paddi, pengOvina panji, kUyiya paji padagaLannu hOlisuva mUlaka mUladrAviDadalli panRi nAmapadaviddirabEkendu kalpisikoLLabahudu. Adare, idaralli nAmabEru yAva rUpaddu (pan embudE illavE *panR embudE) emba viSayadalli ondu nirdArakke baralu ivattina drAviDa nuDigaLalli yAva AdAravU siguvudilla.
idallade, kriyAbErugaLinda bEre bEre oTTugaLannu baLasi halavAru nAmapada mattu guNapadagaLannu tayArisalu sAdya, Adare nAmabErugaLinda oTTugaLannu baLasi bEre nAmapada, guNapada illavE kriyApadagaLannu bahaLa aparUpavAgi mAtravE tayArisalAguttade.
nAmabErugaLa
hIgiddarU, kriyAbErugaLa vivarisidantaha iddirabahudu embudAgi sadyakke kalpisikoLLalAgide.
mUlasvarUpada
mUlasvarUpa
mEle hAgeyE
bErugaLa
rUpadallEnE
guNabErugaLu
kriyAbErugaLa
mUladrAviDada
nAmapadagaLondige
sulabavAgi oTTugaLinda bErpaDisalu sAdyavAguvantahavAgive. jODupadagaLalli baruvuvAda kAraNa, I kelasa sulabavAguttade. udAharaNegAgi, permara, cengoral, kEsakki, beLgaDal, oLgaruL, nalluNisu kannaDada jODupadagaLalli guNabErugaLannu sulabavAgi bErpaDisabahudu. ivugaLa mUlasvarUpa mEle vivarisidantaha kriyAbErugaLa mUla svarUpada hAgeyE ideyumbudannu illi gamanisabahudu.
modalAda
taNNelar,
6.3 ulikantegaLalli hagura mattu tUka
mUladrAviDada ulikantegaLannu haguradavu mattu tUkadavu embudAgi eraDu rItiyavugaLendu vingaDisuva avaSyakateyide embudannu nODiruvevu. padaracaneyalli kANisuva halavu sErikeya niyamagaLu mattu padagaLa caritreyalli kANisuva halavu badalAvaNegaLu I hancikeyannavalambisive.
mEle
nAvu
uddasvaraviruva ulikantegaLu mattu ondu vyanjanadalli kone tUkadavu; uLida ulikantegaLella goLLuva ulikantegaLu haguradavu. ulikantegaLa modalige baruva vyanjanakke avugaLa I hancikeyalli yAva kelasavU illa.
udAharaNegAgi,
ulikantegaLiddu (ke mattu Du) averaDU hagura ulikantegaLu.
padadalli
idE rItiyalli *iTu ‘iDu’ padadallU eraDu ulikantegaLiddu (i mattu Du) averaDU haguradavE. Adare, *kaTTu padadalliruva eraDu (kaT mattu Tu) ulikantegaLalli modalaneyadu tUkada ulikante mattu eraDaneyadu hagurada ulikante. *I ‘noNa’, *al ‘alla’, *kal ‘kallu’, *AL ‘ALu’, *kEL ‘kELu’ modalAda padagaLalli ondE ulikanteyiddu avellavugaLallU adu tUkada ulikanteyAgide.
ondu padadalli baruva bEru mattu oTTugaLa naDuvina vingaDaNegU adara ulikantegaLa naDuvina vingaDaNegU naDuve yAva sambandavU illa embudannu illi gamanisuvudu avaSya. tUkada mattu hagurada ulikantegaLu padagaLa ‘racane’yannu vivarisuvalli baLakeyAguttave mattu bEru-oTTugaLu avugaLa ‘oLaracane’yannu vivarisuvalli baLakeyAguttave.
udAharaNegAgi, *pakal ‘hagalu’ padada racaneyalli pa mattu kal emba eraDu ulikantegaLannu kANabahudu. Adare adE padada oLaracaneyalli *pak bErina anantara *al oTTu
6.4 padaracaneyalli bErugaLa baLake
mEle sUcisida mUru rItiya bErugaLu (nAmabEru, kriyA bEru mattu guNabEru) mUladrAviDa padagaLa oLaracaneyalli hEge baLakeyAguttidduvu emba viSayadalli innU bahaLaSTu samSOdanegaLannu naDeda samSOdanegaLalli heccinavU kriyAbErugaLannu baLasi kriyApada, nAmapada illavE guNapadagaLannu paDeyuva bage hEge embudannu mAtravE vivarisalu prayatnisive.
naDesabEkAgide.
iduvarege
kriyAbErugaLiginta bErAgiruva halavAru nAmabErugaLu mattu guNabErugaLu mUladrAviDadalli idduvAda kAraNa mattu avannu baLasiyU kriyApadagaLannu (illavE nAmapadagaLannu mattu paDeyalu mUladrAviDadalli A rItiya padagaLa racane hEgiddirabahudu mattu adu hEge ivattina drAviDa nuDigaLalli uLidukonDide embudannU tiLidukoLLuva avaSyakateyide.
guNapadagaLannu)
sAdyavittAda
mEle
I viSayada
heccina ottu
koDuvudakkAgi mUladrAviDada kriyApadagaLa, nAmapadagaLa mattu guNapadagaLa racaneyalli I mUru bEre bEre rItiya bErugaLa baLake hEge naDedirabahudu mattu kannaDa A baLakeyannu yAva rItiyalli uLisikonDide embudannu mUru bEre bEre adyAyagaLalli (ELu, ombattu mattu hannondanE adyAyagaLalli) vivarisalu illi prayatnisalAgide.
6.5 tiruLu
I adyAyadalli mUladrAviDadalli baLakeyAguttidda bErugaLa svarUpaventahadu embudannu mattu padaracaneyalli avugaLa baLake hEgiddirabahudu embudannu bahaLa cuTukAgi vivarisalAgide.
nAmabEru, kriyAbEru mattu guNabEru embudAgi mUru mukya gumpugaLalli hancikeyAgaballa bErugaLu mUladrAviDa dalliddirabEku. kannaDadallU I mUru rItiya bErugaLu baLake yallive.
mEle sUcisida hAge, I mUru rItiya bErugaLu mattu bEre kelavu rItiya cikka cikka gumpugaLalli baruva bErugaLu padaracaneyalli hEge baLakeyAguttave, avugaLa baLakeyalli kannaDa
entaha badalAvaNegaLannella mADikonDide embudannu heccu vivaravAgi mundina adyAyagaLalli sUcisalAguvudu.