Chapters: Ch 1 · Ch 2 · Ch 3 · Ch 4
2. padagaLa iTTaLa: hesarupadagaLu
mukyavAgi
2.1 munnOTa
kannaDadalli mattu paricepadagaLu embudAgi mUru bageya padagaLu baLakeyAguttave embudannu nAvu modalaneya pasugeyalli nODiruvevu. ivugaLalli kelavakke iTTaLa(oLaracane) embudide mattu bEre kelavakke illa.
hesarupadagaLu, esakapadagaLu
ettugegAgi, kallede padakke ondu iTTaLavide: adu kallu mattu ede emba eraDu padagaLa jODaNeyinda unTAgide; marevu padakkU ondu iTTaLavide: adu mare emba pada mattu vu emba oTTu(pratyaya)gaLa sErikeyinda unTAgide.
Adare, tale padakke iTTaLavilla; adu t, a, l, e emba nAlku barigegaLa sErikeyinda unTAgideyEnO nija; Adare, adaralli baruva I barigegaLalli yAvudakkU avugaLadE Ada huruLilla; idallade, avannu kallede emba padadalli kANisuva kallu mattu ede emba eraDu padagaLa hAge, illavE marevu padadalli kANisuva mare emba pada mattu vu emba oTTu embavugaLa hAge oDedu hELalu baruvudilla.
padagaLannu
iTTaLaviruva
sollugaLalli baLasabEkAdAgalella avugaLige entaha iTTaLavide embudannu tiLidiralEbEkendEnU illa; A padagaLa huruLEnu, mattu avannu sollugaLalli baLasuva bage hEge embudannu tiLididdare sAku. hIgiddarU, halavu kaDegaLalli padagaLa huruLannu mattu avannu sollugaLalli baLasuva bageyannu nenapige taralu, avugaLa iTTaLada tiLivu neravige baraballudu.
idallade, padagaLige hosa hosa baLakegaLannu koDalu bayasuva nalbarahagArarige, mattu tAvu kanDuhiDidiruva, illavE bEre nuDigaLa barahagaLalli Odiruva hosa hosa viSayagaLannu kannaDadalli baredu tiLisuvudakkAgi hosa hosa padagaLannu unTumADabEkendiruva arivigarige ivattu padagaLa iTTaLaventahadu embudara tiLivu neravige baraballudu.
kannaDadalli baLakeyAguttiruva
ondu padavannu ivattu hEge (eraDu illavE heccu padagaLAgi, illavE pada mattu oTTugaLAgi) oDeyalu baruttade embudara mEle adakke iTTaLavideyE, ideyAdare adu entahadu embudannu tIrmAnisabEkAguttade. hindina kAladalli adu EnAgittu embudu illi mukyavalla.
ettugegAgi, eNNe padavannu eLLu mattu ney emba eraDu padagaLa sErikeyinda unTumADalAgittu; Adare, ivattina kannaDadalli adannu ondu iTTaLaviruva padavendu hELalu baruvudilla.
idE rItiyalli, takAradinda modalAguva tamma, tangi, tande, tAyi embantaha nanTastikeyannu hesarisuva padagaLigella hindina kAladalli ondu iTTaLavittu; tamiLina illavE bEre kelavu drAviDa nuDigaLa padagaLondige avannu hOlisi nODidAga I viSaya gottAguttade:
tamiLu enday
nunday
tanday
kannaDa nanna tandeay
ninna tandeay avana tandeay
tamiLu engay
nungay
tangay
kannaDa nanna tangiay ninna tangiay avana tangiay
mEle koTTiruva tamiLu padagaLige hOlisi nODidAga, kannaDada tande, tangi modalAda nanTastikeya padagaLalli modalige baruva takAravu tanna emba padada aDaka rUpa embudu gottAguttade.
Adare, ivattina kannaDada sollarimeya maTTige, I padagaLige antahadondu iTTaLavideyendu hELalu baruvudilla. yAkendare, ivattu I padagaLu nanna, ninna modalAda bEre ADuga padagaLondigU baruttiddu, avugaLa modaligiruva takAra tanna hindina huruLannu uLisikonDilla.
hIgiddarU, padagaLa iTTaLavembudu heccineDegaLallU adannu mEleyE
hEge unTumADalAgittu embudara
modalige avalambisiruttade.
ondu padada iTTaLaventahadu embudannu kanDuhiDiyalu adu yAva bageya pada (hesarupadavE, esakapadavE illavE parice padavE) embudannU tiLidirabEkAguttade. yAkendare, sollugaLalli ondu pada entaha kelasavannu naDesalu baLakeyAguttade embudara mElU adakke entaha iTTaLa iraballudu embudu avalambi siruttade.
hAgAgi, hesarupada, esakapada mattu paricepadagaLa iTTaLagaLannu illi bEre bErAgi vivarisalAgide; avugaLalli hesarupadagaLa iTTaLa vannu I pasugeyalli, mattu uLida padagaLa iTTaLavannu mundina (mUranE) pasugeyalli vivarisalAgide.
2.2 sErikeya olavugaLu
padagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi, illavE eraDu padagaLannu oTTu sErisi hosa padagaLannu unTumADuvAga, A padagaLalli mattu oTTugaLalli kelavu mArpADugaLu kANisikoLLuttave. padagaLa iTTaLadalli kANisi koLLuva I mArpADugaLalli heccinavakkU halavu horapaDikegaLiru ttave. hAgAgi, avannu illi sErikeya kaTTalegaLu embudAgi kare yuva badalu, sErikeya olavugaLu embudAgi kareyalAgide.
illi keLage koTTiruva mUru bageya sErikeya olavugaLannu
bErpaDisi vivarisalAgide:
(1) padagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi oTTisida padagaLannu unTumADu
valli kANisikoLLuva mArpADugaLu,
(2) padagaLige hesarupadagaLannu sErisi jODupadagaLannu unTu
mADuvalli kANisikoLLuva mArpADugaLu, mattu
(3) padagaLige esakapadagaLannu sErisi kUDupadagaLannu unTumADu
valli kANisikoLLuva mArpADugaLu.
I mArpADugaLigiruva halavu horapaDikegaLalli kelavannu keLage tOrisikoDalAgide; munde oTTugaLa baLakeyannu vivarisuvAga, mattu jODupadagaLa mattu kUDupadagaLa iTTaLagaLannu vivarisu vAga, avugaLa kuritu heccina vivaragaLannu koDalAguttade.
sErikeya olavugaLannu illavE kaTTalegaLannu bareyalu eraDu holabugaLannu baLasabahudu: pada illavE oTTugaLige eraDu illavE heccu rUpagaLiveyendu tiLisi, A rUpagaLa baLakeyentahadu embu dannu tiLisuvudu ondu holabu; mattu, pada mattu oTTugaLu sEridAga avugaLa barigegaLalli kelavu mArpADugaLu naDeyuttave yembudAgi mArpADugaLa mUlaka avugaLa rUpagaLannu vivarisu vudu innondu holabu.
ettugegAgi, obba padadalli Or ‘ondu’ embudakke ob emba rUpa ide, mattu adara baLika bandiruva va oTTige ba rUpa ide embudAgi hELabahudu (ob+ba>obba); illavE Or padakke va oTTu sEridAga, adaralliruva O tereyuli giDDavAguttade, rakAra bakAravAguttade, mattu va oTTina vakAravU bakAravAguttade (Or+ va>obba) endU hELabahudu.
‘rUpagaLu mattu avugaLa baLake’, mattu ‘rUpada mArpADu’ emba I eraDu holabugaLalli yAvudAdarU ondannE ellA kaDe gaLallU baLasahOdare, antaha baraha kelaveDegaLalli tumbA toDakina dAgaballudu; hAgAgi, keLage koTTiruva sErikeya olavugaLannu bare yuvalli, avannu Odalu heccu suLuvAguva hAge, I eraDu bageya holabugaLannu berasikoLLalAgide.
2.2.1 padagaLa koneya tereyuli bidduhOguvudu
eraDu tereyuligaLu oTTAdAga, modalaneya tereyuli bidduhOgu ttade. I olavannu tOrisuva mUru bageya ettugegaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
oTTisida pada:
jODupada: kUDupada:
aTa+ike
gAya+ALu hesaru+iDu
ATike gAyALu hesariDu
oTTisida padagaLalli I mArpADu ellA tereyuligaLannU tAgu ttade; Adare, jODupadagaLalli ukAra mattu akAragaLannu mAtra tAguttade, mattu kUDupadagaLalli ukAravannu mattu jODisuva rUpagaLa koneya ikAravannu mAtra tAguttade.
(1) oTTisida padagaLalli I mArpADu keLage koTTiruva tereyuligaLa sErikegaLalli kANisikoLLuttade:
E+E>E
J+E>E
G+E >E
C+E>E
E+J>J G+J >J C+J>J E+G >G J+G >G J+C>C G+C>C
G+D>D
tirike haTTige dAriga hittALiga heNilu mUDige nambike kammisu koyilu hinDi okkaliga tOTiga sAligitti huccATike lOLe kaTTe nele gaDu gaLu bokkaNa kettane
tiri+ike
haTTi+ige
dAri+iga
hittALe+iga heNe+ilu mUDe+ige nambu+ike kammu+isu koyyu+ilu hinDu+i
okkalu+iga tOTa+iga sAliga+itti huccATa+ike lOLi+e kaTTu+e
nela+e
gaDi+u
gaLe+u
bokke+aNa kettu+ane bIsu+aN(ige) bIsaNige kemmalu kemmu+alu muccaLa muccu+aLa jODaNe jODu+aNe celuva celuvu+a ottAya ottu+Aya kAdALi kAdu+ALi
munde kelavu oTTugaLa baLakeyannu vivarisuvAga, avugaLalli kelavu bageya mArpADugaLu naDediveyendu sUcisalAgide; ettuge gAgi, su barigekanteyalli konegoLLuva kelavu esakapadagaLige ike oTTannu sErisidAga, avugaLa koneya su barigekante bidduhOgu ttade, mattu ike oTTina ikAravU bidduhOguttade embudAgi 2.4.1(2-3)ralli vivarisalAgide, mattu arasu-arake, bayasu- bayake, harasu-harake modalAda padagaLannu ettugeyAgi koDa lAgide.
I rIti varNisuva badalu, I padagaLu mElina kaTTalege hora paDikegaLendU hELaballevu; yAkendare, padada koneya su biddu hOda mEle uLidiruva ara-, baya-, hara- embuvakke ike oTTu sEridAga, avugaLa akAra bidduhOguva badalu, adara baLika banda ike oTTina ikAra bidduhOgideyendU hELabahudu.
intahadE mArpADu isu oTTina baLakeyallU naDedide; kelavu padagaLalli adara ikAra bidduhOgiruvudannu kANabahudu: nele- nelasu, baLe-baLasu; intaha padagaLU mElina olavige horapaDike gaLendu hELabahudu (3.2.3(1) nODi).
(2) jODupadagaLalli I mArpADu ukAra mattu akAragaLannu mAtra tAguttade; padagaLa koneya ikAra illavE ekAra biddu hOguva badalu, avugaLa baLika yakAra sErikoLLuttade.
- modalaneya padada koneya ukAra bidduhOgiruvudu: G+E>E G+J>J G+K>K G+G>G G+H>H G+M>M G+N>N G+C>C G+D>D
kallu+iddalu ALu+eNike nUlu+ENi gUru+ubbasa kIlu+Uta maddu+ore gurutu+Ole kEDu+aLika bayalu+ATa
kalliddalu ALeNike nUlENi gUrubbasa kIlUta maddore gurutOle kEDaLika bayalATa
- modalaneya padada koneya akAra bidduhOgiruvudu: C+J>J C+G>G
keTTa+eNisu kaLLa+usuku
keTTeNisu kaLLusuku
C+H>H C+M>M C+C>C C+D>D
keTTa+Uru kaLLa+oppa doDDa+amma gAya+ALu
keTTUru kaLLoppa doDDamma gAyALu
- modalaneya padada koneya ikAra uLidu, yakAra sEriruvudu: taLi+iLike i+i>iyi gALi+Ira i+I>iyI iLi+eNike i+e>iye uli+Eru i+E>iyE taLi+uLike i+u>iyu ginDi+ULiga i+U>iyU i+o>iyo badi+olavu i+O>iyO uli+Odu pUci+aLika i+i>iya kUli+ALu i+>iyA
taLiyiLike gALiyIra iLiyeNike uliyEru taLiyuLike ginDiyULiga badiyolavu uliyOdu pUciyaLika kUliyALu
- modalaneya padada koneya ekAra uLidu, yakAra sEriruvudu: e+e>eye e+E>eyE e+u>eyu e+U>eyU e+o>eyo e+a>eya e+A>eyA
koreyeNike maleyEruga edeyuri moleyUDike saNNigeyoralu Oleyare anceyALu
kore+eNike male+Eruga ede+uri mole+UDike saNNige+oralu Ole+are ance+ALu
jODupadagaLalli naDeyuva I mArpADige ekAradalli kone goLLuva munde, hinde, mEle, bEre mattu oDane emba paricepadagaLu horapaDikegaLAgive. ivugaLa baLika tereyuliyalli modalAguva pada sEridAga, I padagaLa koneya ekAra biddu hOguttade: mundALu (munde+ALu), hindETu (hinde+ETu), bErobba (bEre+obba), oDanADi (oDane+ADi).
(3) kUDupadagaLalli I mArpADu ukAravannu mattu esaka padagaLa jODisuva rUpada ikAravannu mAtra tAguttade; endare, modalaneya pada ukAradalli konegonDiddalli, illavE adu jODisuva rUpavAgiddu ikAradalli konegonDiddalli, adara koneya tereyuli (ukAra illavE ikAra) bidduhOguttade.
idakke badalu, modalaneya pada ikAra, ekAra illavE akAra dalli konegonDiddalli, A tereyuli (i, e illavE a) biddu hOgade uLidiruttade; idallade, ikAra mattu ekAragaLa baLika yakAra baruttade, mattu akArada baLika vakAra baruttade.
- modalaneya padada koneya ukAra bidduhOgiruvudu: G+E>E G+J>J G+K>K G+H>H G+M>M G+C>C G+D>D
kiccu+iDu kAlu+eLe IDu+Eru kAlu+Uru seragu+oDDu kaNNu+arasu pAru+Agu
kicciDu kAleLe IDEru kAlUru seragoDDu kaNNarasu pArAgu
- modalaneya pada jODisuva rUpavAgiddu, adara koneya ikAra
bidduhOgiruvudu:
E+E>E E+K>K E+D>D
haNiki+ikku ukki+Eru horaLi+ADu
haNikikku ukkEru horaLADu
- modalaneya pada jODisuva rUpavalladiddu, adara koneya ikAra
uLidu, adara baLika yakAra sEriruvudu:
i+i>iyi i+e>iye i+E>iyE i+U>iyU i+o>iyo i+A>iyA
guri+iDu kELvi+ettu banDi+Eru manDi+Uru kuDi+oDe guri+Agu
guriyiDu kELviyettu banDiyEru manDiyUru kuDiyoDe guriyAgu
- modalaneya padada koneya ekAra uLidu, adara baLika yakAra sEriru
vudu:
e+i>eyi e+e>eye e+E>eyE e+U>eyU e+o>eyo e+a>eya e+A>eyA
eve+ikku tale+ettu hore+Eru nele+Uru age+oDe are+aTTu eDe+ADu
eveyikku taleyettu horeyEru neleyUru ageyoDe areyaTTu eDeyADu
- modalaneya padada koneya akAra uLidu, adara baLika vakAra sEriru
vudu:
a+i>avi a+o>avo a+A>avA
kada+ikku panta+oDDu calla+ADu
kadavikku pantavoDDu callavADu
kUDupadagaLalli naDeyuva I mArpADugaLigU munde, hinde, mEle, bEre, mattu oDane paricepadagaLu horapaDikegaLAgive; avu gaLa baLika tereyuliyalli modalAguva pada sEridAga, avugaLa koneya ekAra bidduhOguttade: mundAgu (munde+Agu), mundiDu (munde+iDu), hindaTTu (hinde+aTTu), hinduLi (hinde+uLi), bErAgu (bEre+Agu), oDanADu (oDane+ADu)
idallade, ge oTTinalli konegoLLuva paricepadagaLU ivakke hora paDikegaLAgive: horagiDu (horage+iDu), keLagiru (keLage+iru), horagAgu (horage+Agu).
2.2.2 tereyuligaLa modalu mucculi immaDiyAguvudu
modalaneya padada koneyalli baruva y, n, N, r, l, s, mattu L mucculigaLu avugaLa baLika tereyuli bandAga immaDi yAguttave; mattu I rIti immaDiyAdAga, sakAra cakAravAguttade. oTTisida padagaLalli I mArpADu a mattu A tereyuligaLu bandAga mAtra naDeyuttade. idannu keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli kANa bahudu:
- oTTisida padagaLalli:
yakAra lakAra
NakAra
kay+Are nal+a
taN-age
nuN+age can+a
kar+age
beL+age teL+age
bes+age
nakAra
rakAra
LakAra
sakAra
kayyAre nalla (nalle) taNNage nuNNage canna karrage beLLage teLLage beccage
Adare, uL-oLage emballi age oTTu sEridAga, mattu uL- oLa, kIL-keLa emballi a oTTu sEridAga LakAra immaDiyAgilla.
idallade, bEre tereyuligaLalli modalAguva oTTugaLu sEridAga I mucculigaLu immaDiyAguvudilla embudannu her-hiri, mAr-maru, teL-teLu, beL-biLi, nuN-nuNupu, in-ini, oL-oLitu, padagaLalli kANabahudu.
mattu kir-kiri emba
kAr-kari,
jODupadagaLalli mattu kUDupadagaLalli I mArpADu a tere yuli mAtravallade bEre tereyuligaLu sEridAgalU naDeyuttade; idannu keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli kANabahudu:
- jODupadagaLalli: yakAra
nakAra
NakAra
lakAra
LakAra
- kUDupadagaLalli: yakAra
nakAra
may+avute may+iLita may+oLitu in+uNisu ken+akki
mun+iruLu mun+eNike hin+oTTu taN+elaru nal+uNisu beL+aDi beL+Ane beL+uLLi beL+ele
may+ikku kay+Uru may+oDDu mun+eNisu mun+ore mun+Oru
mayyavute mayyiLita mayyoLitu innuNisu kennakki munniruLu munneNike hinnoTTu taNNelaru nalluNisu beLLaDi beLLAne beLLuLLi beLLele
mayyikku kayyUru mayyoDDu munneNisu munnore munnOru
mucculi immaDiyAguva I mArpADu avugaLa modalu udda tereyuli iruvalli naDeyuvudilla: kAraDavi, hErAne, kILALu, mAruli, mArOru, hEraLa, Orage.
2.2.3 esakapadagaLa koneya ekAra akAravAguvudu
ekAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLige mucculiyalli modalAguva oTTu sEridAga, ekAra akAravAguttade. I mArpADu oTTisida pada gaLalli mAtra kANisikoLLuttade; idannu tOrisuva hesarupadadoTTu gaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
te
naDe+te
aLe+te
age+te
vaN bare+vaN(ige) beLe+vaN(ige) mere+vaN(ige)
ka ere+ka
vu
pu
kore+ka
aLe+ka
kaLe+vu
kaDe+vu
mare+vu
kale+pu
hoLe+pu paDe+pu
ha bare+ha
vaLi naDe+vaLi
ve mare+ve
ku oDe+ku
kuLi eLe+kuLi
guLi mare+guLi koLe+ce
ce vi mare+vi
hu hoLe+hu
naDate aLate agate baravaNige beLavaNige meravaNige eraka koraka aLaka kaLavu kaDavu maravu kalapu hoLapu paDapu baraha naDavaLi marave oDaku eLakuLi maraguLi koLace maravi hoLahu
esakapadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi bEre esakapadagaLannu unTu
mADuvallU I mArpADu naDeyuttade:
cu kaLe+cu
ere+cu
tole+gu gu ku dore+ku
kale+ku
keDe+vu
vu
kaLacu eracu tolagu doraku kalaku keDavu
esakapadagaLinda parice padagaLannu paDeyuvalli I mArpADannu
keLagina oTTugaLa baLakeyalli kANabahudu:
ka-lu
ku
kore+ka-lu save+ka-lu koLe+ku
kere+ku
korakalu savakalu koLaku keraku
I olavige ondu mukyavAda horapaDikeyannu illi gamanisa bahudu: esakapadagaLige ta oTTannu sErisidAga ekAra badalAgade uLiyuttade:
kere kereta age ageta kale kaleta bage bageta
kore nege koDe save
koreta negeta koDeta saveta
bEreyU halavu horapaDikegaLu I olavigiddu, avugaLannu
munde I oTTugaLa vivaravannu koDuvalli paTTimADalAgide.
I mArpADu esakapadagaLa koneya ekAravannu tAguvudallade, hesarupadagaLa koneya ekAravannu tAguvudilla: ga (serega), gAra (kolegAra), tana (manetana), ya (oDeya) modalAda oTTugaLa baLakeyalli idannu kANabahudu.
jODupadagaLalli (seLegallu, beLehakki, naDehAdi) mattu kUDupadagaLalli I mArpADu naDeyuvudilla; kUDupadagaLalli esaka padagaLu nEravAgi baLakeyAgade jODisuva rUpadalli baruvudarinda (barediDu, maretubiDu), avugaLalli I mArpADu naDeyuvudilla; I jODisuva rUpadalliruva himbottina illavE mumbottina
oTTu biddu hOdAgalU ekAra badalAgade uLiyuttade (taDehiDi, orehaccu, nenehAku).
2.2.4 udda tereyuli giDDavAguvudu
keLage koTTiruva parice mattu eNikebErugaLannu jODupadagaLalli baLasidAga, avugaLa baLika mucculiyalli modalAguva pada bandiru valli avugaLa udda tereyuli giDDavAguttade, mattu tereyuliyalli modalAguva pada bandiruvalli adu badalAgade uLiyuttade. Adare I ellA padagaLa baLakeyallU mElina olavige horapaDikegaLive; avugaLalli kelavannu ettugegAgi keLage koDalAgide:
(1) pEr/hEr mucculi bandiruvalli pEr+kate pEr+mAtu pEr+cUTi hEr+kaLLa hEr+hAvu hEr+dAri
perkate permAtu percUTi heggaLLa hebbAvu heddAri
tereyuli bandiruvalli pEr+arasu pEr+uri pEr+ALu hEr+aDavi hEr+Uru hEr+Ane
pErarasu pEruri pErALu hEraDavi hErUru hErAne
(2) kEsu (I padada E tereyuli mucculi bandiruvalli giDDavAguvudu
mAtravallade, i endAguttade):
mucculi bandiruvalli kEsu+kaNNu kEsu+kallu kEsu+ponnu
kisugaNNu kisugallu kisuvonnu
tereyuli bandiruvalli kEsu+uri kEsu+akki kEsu+oDalu
kEsuri kEsakki kEsoDalu
(3) mAru/mAr mucculi bandiruvalli mAru+huTTu maruhuTTu mAru+mAtu marumAtu mAru+baLake mAru+salike mAru+nOTa marunOTa mAru+dina mAru+may marumay
marubaLake marusalike
marudina
tereyuli bandiruvalli mArALu mAru+ALu mAru+Ole mArOle mAru+accu mAraccu mAru+aDi mAru+Ane mAru+eNike mAru+oDalu mAroDalu
mAraDi mArAne mAreNike
kelavu horapaDikegaLu: mucculi bandiruvalli mAru+kaTTu mAru+baDDi mAru+paDe
mArkaTTu mArbaDDi mArpaDe
(4) kIL mucculi bandiruvalli kIL+kere kIL+kavalu kIL+kaNNu
kiLgere kiLgavalu kiLgaNNu
(5) kAr ‘kappu’ mucculi bandiruvalli kAr+poge kAr+bisilu
karpoge karvisilu
(6) Or mucculi bandiruvalli Or+nuDi Or+hottu Or+kaTTu Or+kUTa
ornuDi opopattu okkaTTu okkUTa
(7) Ir mucculi bandiruvalli Ir+tale Ir+kivi Ir+hattu
irtale irkivi ippattu
(8) mUr mucculi bandiruvalli mUr+kaNNu mUr+nUru
mukkaNNu munnUru
kelavu horapaDikegaLu: mucculi bandiruvalli mUr+gAvuda mUgAvuda mUr+baTTe
mUvaTTe
tereyuli bandiruvalli maru+eNike
marueNike
tereyuli bandiruvalli kIL+ALu kIL+ele kIL+esaLu
kILALu kILele kILesaLu
tereyuli bandiruvalli kAr+eLLu kAr+aDavi
kAreLLu kAraDavi
tereyuli bandiruvalli Or+eNike
OreNike
tereyuli bandiruvalli Ir+aDi Ir+aydu Iraydu
IraDi
tereyuli bandiruvalli mUr+aDi mUr+ALu
mUraDi mUrALu
mEle koTTiruva paricebEru mattu eNikebErugaLa baLakeyalli kANisuva I mArpADu hesarupadagaLa baLakeyalli kANisuvudilla embudakke kAr ‘maLegAla’ emba hesarupadadinda paDeda kArmugilu, kArgAla, kAriruLu modalAda jODupadagaLannu ettugeyAgi koDa bahudu.
idallade, mEle paTTimADiruva paricebErugaLannu horatupaDisi, bEre paricebErugaLa baLakeyallU I mArpADu naDeyuvudilla embudakke kUr paricebErannu baLasiruva kUrgatti, kUrgaNe, kUrnAyi, kUrvALu, kUrasi, kUrALu padagaLannu ettugeyAgi koDabahudu.
kUDupadagaLalli I mArpADu naDediruvudannu kisuguTTu ‘kempu Agu’, kiLmADu, kiLpaDisu, marukaLisu, maruhancu, marupaDe, marunuDi, marutaLe embantaha padagaLalli kANabahudu.
oTTisida padagaLalli I mArpADannu keLage koTTiruva kelavu bEru
gaLa baLakeyalli kANabahudu:
hEraLa
tereyuli bandiruvalli hEr+aLa
mucculi bandiruvalli hEr+cu hEr+me kEs+cu mAru+tu kAr+pu Or+me Or+va Ir+va+ru Adare, mUvaru (mUr-va-ru) emballi udda tereyuli
heccu hemme keccu mattu kappu omme obba ibbaru
Or+age Or+aNa
mAru+ane
Orage OraNa
mArane
giDDavAguva badalu, adara baLika banda rakAra bidduhOgide.
2.2.5 eraDanE tereyuliya mArpADugaLu
mUru barigekantegaLiruva halavu padagaLige kiTTel avara DikSanari yalli mUru mUru rUpagaLive: avugaLa eraDaneya tereyuli a, i, illavE u AgirabahudembudE idakke kAraNa: adaru, adiru, aduru; uDagu, uDigu, uDugu; kuDaka, kuDika, kuDuka;
huDagi, huDigi, huDugi; hAsage, hAsige, hAsuge modalAda padagaLannu idakke ettugeyAgi koDabahudu.
innu halavu padagaLige eraDeraDu rUpagaLiddu, avugaLa eraDanE tereyuli a illavE i (arave, arive; okkalu, okkilu), i illavE u (aLipu, aLupu; oppige, oppuge), a illavE u Agira bahudu; eraDanE tereyuliyAgi a illavE e iruva (aLata, aLeta; baraha, bareha), mattu a, i, u, e emba nAlkU iruva (aLasu, aLisu, aLusu, aLesu) padagaLU kelavive.
ivu kannaDada bEre bEre ADunuDigaLalli kANisikoLLuva rUpa gaLirabEku; ivugaLalli ondondu padakkU ondondu rUpa baraha dalli nelegonDiruvudannu kANabahudu: uDugu, huDugi, hAsige, arive, okkalu, oppige, aLeta, baraha, aLesu. Adare, yAva rUpa I rIti barahadalli nelegoLLuttade embudannu kaTTuniTTAgi hELalu heccineDegaLallU baruvudilla.
hAgAgi, mUru barigekantegaLiruva oTTisida padagaLannu unTu mADidAga, avugaLalli eraDanE tereyuliya maTTige yAva rItiya sErikeya mArpADu naDeyuttade emba viSayadalli heccineDegaLallU olavannu kanDuhiDiyalu baruvudilla.
ettugegAgi, ukAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLige mucculi yalli modalAguva oTTugaLannu sErisidAga, kelavomme ukAra mArpaDade uLiyuttade, mattu kelavomme adu bErondu uli yAgi badalAguttade:
ukAra mArpaDadiruvudu: hogute kELuga ujjuka
hogu+te te ga kELu+ga ka ujju+ka
vu biDu+vu
biDuvu
me uLu+me uLume ve
sOlu+ve
sOluve
bErondu uliyAgiruruvudu: migu+te
aTTu+ga
kundu+ka
keDu+ka
iru+vu
hELu+vu tIru+me
hELu+ve
migate aTTiga kundaka keDika iravu hELivu
tIrame hELive
intahavE mArpADugaLannu ikAra mattu ekAragaLalli kone
goLLuva esakapadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisiruvalliyU kANabahudu:
ikAra mArpaDadiruvudu:
te miDi+te ka uri+ka me ari+me vaLi nuDi+vaLi hu hiDi+hu
miDite urika arime nuDivaLi hiDihu
bErondu uliyAgiruvudu: avi+te kuDi+ka oli+me mugi+vaLi kuri+hu hari+hu
avute kuDuka olume muguvaLi kuruhu harahu
ekAra mArpaDadiruvudu: toreha ha tore+ha
bErondu uliyAgiruvudu: bare+ha
baraha
2.2.6 mucculigaLa modalu baruva rakArada mArpADugaLu
mucculigaLa modalu baruva rakAra A mucculiyadE rUpavannu paDeyuttade emba innondu sErikeya mArpADu kelavu parice mattu eNikebErugaLannu jODupadagaLalli baLasidAga kANisikoLLu ttade. kelaveDegaLalli idara baLika banda mucculiyU mArpaDuttade (kakAra kelaveDe gakAravAguttade, takAra kelaveDe dakAravAguttade, mattu hakAra kelaveDe pakAra mattu innu kelaveDe bakAravAguttade), mattu rakAravU adE mArpADige oLapaDuttade:
r+k>kka
r+k>gga
Or+kaTTu okkaTTu Or+kUTa okkUTa Ir+kaTTu ikkaTTu Ir+kAlu ikkAlu mUr+kAlu mukkAlu hEr+kattu hekkattu oggaTTu
Or+kaTTu kAr+kattale kaggattale hEr+kaTTu heggaTTu heggaLLa hEr+kaLLa r+g>gga Ir+gAli iggAli heggiDa
hEr+giDa r+j>jja Ir+jODi ijjODi
Or+kaNNu okkaNNu Or+kay okkay Ir+kaLa Ir+kela mUr+kaNNu mukkaNNu
ikkaLa ikkela
mUr+kaTTu muggaTTu kAr+kappu kaggappu
hEr+kattale heggattale
kir+kaNNu kiggaNNu hEr+gANa heggANa hEr+gurutu heggurutu hEr+jEnu hejjEnu
ittara
r+t>tta Ir+tanDa ittanDa Ir+tara Or+tanDa ottanDa hEr+tumbi heddumbi kAr+tALe kaddALe r+d>dda hEr+dAri heddAri r+p>ppa Ir+paTTu ippaTTu ibbage
r+b>bba Ir+bage
r+t>dda
hEr+bAgilu hebbAgilu hEr+beTTu hebbeTTu r+n>nna Ir+nUru innUru mUr+nIru munnIru
r+m>mma Ir+maDi immaDi kAr+mara kammara hEr+mInu hemmInu
Ir+tale ittale Or+taTTu ottaTTu
hEr+tore heddore Ir+tore iddore
Or+piDi kAr+beTTa hEr+beraLu hebberaLu
oppiDi kabbeTTa
kAr+neydile kanneydile mUr+nUru munnUru Ir+may immay hEr+mara hemmara
r+h>ppa Or+hottu opopattu Ir+hattu ippattu mUr+huri muppuri kabbasu kAr+hoge kabboge kabbakki hEr+hAvu hebbAvu hEr+hoge hebboge
kAr+hasu kAr+hakki hEr+halasu hebbalasu hEr+huli hebbuli
r+h>bba
Adare, I mArpADu rakArada modalu giDDa tereyuliyiddAga mAtra naDeyuttade; I giDDa tereyuli okkaTTu, ippattu, mukkAlu, kabboge, heggaLLa modalAduvugaLalli kANisuva hAge, modalige udda tereyuliyiddudu AmEle giDDa tereyuliyAdudAgiyU (3.2.4 nODi) irabahudu.
hEr padakke haLegannaDada pEr emba rUpavU iddu, I rUpa dalli bandiruva rakAra I mArpADige oLagAgilla: perkate, percUTi, perdere, pernADu, perpoLalu, perbaraha, permAtu.
udda tereyuliya baLika baruva rakAra I mArpADige oLagAguvu dilla embudannu kAr ‘maLe’ padavannu baLasiruva kArgAla, kArmODa, kArmugilu modalAda jODupadagaLalli kANabahudu.
kUDupadagaLalli I mArpADu Or+kUDu>oggUDu padadalli mAtra kANisuttade. udda tereyuliya baLika banda rakAra I
mArpADige oLagAguvudilla embudannu tOrisalu bOrgare, nErpaDu, mArnaDe, mArnuDi, mArpaDu, bErpaDu, ErpaDisu modalAda halavu kUDupadagaLannu koDabahudu. eraDu barige kantegaLiruva padagaLa koneyalli banda rakAravU I mArpADige oLagAguva hAge tOruvudilla: usurgare, edurgoLLu, AsargaLe.
oTTisida padagaLalli I mArpADu naDediruvudannu keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli kANabahudu; Adare, illi takAra-ha(pa)kAragaLu dakAra- bakAragaLAgilla; pedda ‘doDDa’ padadalli haLegannaDada pEr embudu per Agi, adara rakAra dakAravAgide:
hEr+cu r+c>cca mAr+tu r+t>tta r+p>ppa kAr+pu r+b>bba Or+bi r+m>mma hEr+me
Or+me r+v>bba Or+va
heccu
mattu kappu
obbi hemme omme obba
Ir+va(ru) ibbaru
udda tereyuliya baLika oTTisida padagaLalli I mArpADu naDeya
diruvudannu kUrpu padadalli kANabahudu.
2.2.7 mucculigaLa modalu baruva mUguligaLa mArpADugaLu
kelavu paricebErugaLa konege baruva mUguligaLu avugaLa baLika mucculigaLu bandiruvalli avugaLa jAgakke hondikoLLuvante badalAguttave; barahadalli I mUguli sonne (m) rUpada llideyAdarU ulipinalli adara baLika baruva mucculiya jAgadalli unTAguva mUguliyAgiruttade embudannu gamanisabahudu.
(1) jODupadagaLalli I mUguliya baLika bandiruva taDeyuli gaLalli kakAra gakAravAguttade, mattu takAra dakAravAguttade; ujjuli yAda sakAra jakAravAguttade, mattu hakAra-vakAragaLu bakAravAgu ttave.
kaNNu mattu bennu hesarupadagaLu kelavu jODupadagaLalli kaN mattu ben emba rUpagaLalli baruttiddu, avugaLallU mElina mArpADugaLu kANisikoLLuttave:
jODupadagaLalli mArpADugaLu: n+k
kengaNNu
ken+kaNNu mun+kay mungay
bengallu hingAlu bengoDu muncUNi munjAva hin+jOle hinjOle kendale mun+toTTi mundoTTi hindale bembisilu himbaraha bembala kenjoDaru mun+seragu munjeragu hinjari
in+kOlu ingOlu ben+kallu hin+kAlu ben+koDu mun+cUNi mun+jAva ken+tale hin+tale ben+bisilu hin+baraha ben+bala ken+soDaru hin+sari mun+hagalu mumbagalu ben+hattu in+more kemmaNNu mun+mAtu mummAtu hin+maDi himmaDi hon+mInu hommInu kaN+kaLa
bembattu immore
ken+maNNu
mun+badi
mumbadi
kangaLa
n+c n+j n+t
n+b
n+s
n+h
n+m
N+k
Adare, kaNNIru padadalli kaNNu padada NakAra nakAravAguva badalu, adara baLika banda nakAra NakAravAgide. bEreyU kelavu pada gaLalli kaNNu padada NakAra mucculigaLa modalu bandideyAdarU mElina mArpADannu tOrisuvudilla: kaNkaTTu, kaNgattale, kaNjADu, kaNtappu, kaNpare, kaNmale. nANNuDi padadalli nADu padada DakAra NakAravAgiddu, adara baLika banda nakAra NakAravAgide.
idallade, udda tereyuliya baLika banda mUguli mElina
mArpADannu tOrisuvudilla: mIn+cuLLi>mIncuLLi.
(2) kUDupadagaLalli I mArpADu naDediruvudannu keLagina padagaLalli kANabahudu; kaNNu mattu bennu emba hesarupadagaLU intaha kelavu kUDupadagaLalli kaN mattu ben emba rUpagaLalli baLakeyAgiddu, alliyU I mArpADu naDedide:
kUDupadagaLalli mArpADugaLu: n+k
mungANu mun+kANu hingare hin+kare bengoDu ben+koDu kangeDu kaN+keDu hindege hin+tege mumbari mun+pari hin+meTTu himmeTTu hin+sari ben+hattu
hinjari bembattu
N+k n+t n+p n+m n+s n+h
(3) oTTisida padagaLalli baruva mUguligaLu mElina mArpADige oLagAguvuvAdarU, avugaLa baLika baruva mucculigaLalli mArpADu gaLAguvudilla embudannu keLagina padagaLalli kANabahudu; tinnu esaka pada mattu sommu hesarupadagaLu illi tin mattu som emba rUpadalli baLakeyAguttiddu, avugaLalliyU mucculigaLu mArpA Dannu tOrisuvudilla:
oTTisida padagaLalli mArpADugaLu: N+D N+p n+k n+c
taN+Di taN+pu ben+ki hin+cu mun+cu on+Ti tin+Di ken+pu som+pu
tanDi tampu
benki
hincu muncu
MAn wAr
kempu sompu
n+T n+D n+p m+p
2.2.8 tereyuligaLa modalu baruva DakAra mattu rakAragaLu
jODupadagaLalli kaDu, naDu, niDu mattu kiru emba nAlku parice padagaLa baLika tereyuliyalli modalAguva padagaLu bandAga, avu gaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguttade, mattu DakAra TTa embudAgi, mattu rakAra tta embudAgi mArpaDuttave:
naDugamba
mucculiya modalu kaDukempu kaDu+kempu kaDugattale kaDu+kattale kaDugALi kaDu+gALi kaDubisilu kaDu+bisilu kaDugampu kaDu+kampu kaDubaDava kaDu+baDava naDu+hagalu naDuhagalu naDu+kamba niDu+tOLu niDudOLu niDu+koraLu niDugoraLu niDu+tere niDukOlu niDugOlu niDu+kombu niDugombu kiru+nAlige kiru+kUTa kiru+katti kiru+nAyi kiru+guDDa kiru+tere
kirunAlige kirukUTa kirugatti kirunAyi kiruguDDa kirudere
niDudere
kaTTarike kaTTarasu kaTTiruve
tereyuliya modalu kaDu+arike kaDu+arasu kaDu+iruve kaDu+uluhu kaTTuluhu kaTTesaka kaDu+esaka kaTTubbasa kaDu+ubbasa naTTaDavi naDu+aDavi naTTiruLu naDu+iruLu niDu+ayde niTTayde niDu+usiru niTTusiru niDu+eluvu niTTeluvu niTTesaLu niDu+esaLu niTTOTa niDu+OTa kittusiru kiru+usiru kittOTa kiru+OTa kittesaLu kiru+esaLu kittUTa kiru+UTa kittuli kiru+uli kittaDi kiru+aDi
oTTisida padagaLalli mattu kUDupadagaLalli I mArpADu naDe
diruva hAge kANisuvudilla.
2.2.9 kakAra-takAragaLu gakAra-dakAragaLAguvudu
halavu jODupadagaLalli mattu kUDupadagaLalli kakAra-takAragaLu gakAra-dakAragaLAgiruvudannu kANabahudu; I mArpADu mukyavAgi tereyuliya baLika naDeyuttade; Adare, I eraDu bageya mArpADu gaLigU halavAru horapaDikegaLive; heccukaDime I mArpADugaLannu tOrisuvaSTE padagaLu tOrisadeyU iveyendu hELabahudu. idallade, entaha padagaLalli I mArpADugaLu naDeyuttave, mattu entaha padagaLalli naDeyuvudilla embudaralli yAva olavU iruva hAge kANisuvudilla.
ittIcege unTumADiruva padagaLalli I mArpADugaLu naDedilla, mattu hinde unTumADidda padagaLalli avu naDedidduvu embudU
I horapaDikegaLige kAraNavAgirabahudu. I mArpADugaLu naDediru vudakke mattu naDeyadiruvudakke kelavu ettugegaLannu keLage koDa lAgide:
(1) kakAra gakAravAdudu
jODupadagaLalli: aTTe+kAlu aTTegAlu aDigaTTu
aDi+kaTTu Anegallu
Ane+kallu kaDegOlu kaDe+kOlu
kUDupadagaLalli: ede+kaLe kALu+kaTTu geDe+kUDu kILu+kaLe
edegaLe
kALugaTTu geDegUDu kILugaLe
(2) takAra dakAravAdudu
jODupadagaLalli: nere+tingaLu uNNe+togalu uNNedogalu elu+tale
neredingaLu
eludale
kakAra gakAravAgilladiruvudu
accu+kUTa aNe+kaTTu Ali+kallu gOru+kOlu
accukUTa aNekaTTu Alikallu gOrukOlu
uppu+kaLe kokke+kaTTu gumpu+kUDu tEva+kaLe
uppukaLe kokkekaTTu gumpukUDu tEvakaLe
takAra dakAravAgilladiruvudu
kari+tingaLu teLu+togalu heDa+tale
karitingaLu teLutogalu heDatale
kUDupadagaLalli: aLavi+tappu aLavidappu kaLe+tumbu kaLedumbu tale+tOru taledOru
kIlu+tappu kALu+tumbu dAri+tOru
kIlutappu kALutumbu dAritOru
kUDupadagaLa maTTige kelavu olavugaLannu kANabahudu: ettuge gAgi, koLLu pada hesarupada illavE paricepadagaLa baLika goLLu rUpadalli baruttade; Adare esakapadagaLa jODisuva rUpada baLika koLLu rUpadalli mAtra baruttade:
hesaru, parice padagaLa baLika eccara+koLLu eccaragoLLu eduru+koLLu edurugoLLu oLa+koLLu oLagoLLu
esakapadagaLa baLika oppi+koLLu dore+koLLu seLe+koLLu
oppikoLLu dorekoLLu seLakoLLu
kone+koLLu konegoLLu
taDe+koLLu
taDakoLLu
koDu pada hesaru illavE paricepadagaLa baLika kelaveDegaLalli koDu rUpadalli baruttade, mattu bEre kelaveDegaLalli goDu rUpa dalli baruttade; Adare, esakapadagaLa baLika adu koDu rUpadalli mAtravE baruttade:
hesaru, parice padagaLa baLika kivi+koDu kivigoDu
ede+koDu edegoDu eDe+koDu eDekoDu mAtu+koDu mAtukoDu
esakapadagaLa baLika etti+koDu tumbi+koDu cucci+koDu biTTu+koDu
ettikoDu tumbikoDu cuccikoDu biTTukoDu
keDu pada ellA kUDupadagaLallU geDu rUpadallE baruttade; idu hesaru illavE paricepadagaLa baLika mAtra baruttadallade, esaka padagaLa baLika baruva hAge kANisuvudilla:
anda+keDu andageDu bagegeDu
bage+keDu hadageDu
hada+keDu
oppa+keDu kaLe+keDu
nuDi+keDu
oppageDu kaLegeDu nuDigeDu
I mArpADu y, l, L mattu mUguligaLa baLikavU naDe
yuttade, mattu illiyU halavAru horapaDikegaLive:
(1) yakArada baLika: jODupada kay+kANike kaygANike maygaLLa
may+kaLLa kaydaLa
kay+taLa kaydudi
kay+tudi
horapaDikegaLu
kay+kAlu kay+kOLa kay+tOTa kay+tuttu
kaykAlu
kaykOLa kaytOTa kaytuttu
yakArada baLika: kUDupada: suy+kare suygare
kay+kUDu kaygUDu
may+tOru maydOru
horapaDikegaLu
kay+koDu may+keDu kay+tappu
kaykoDu maykeDu kaytappu
(2) lakArada baLika: jODupada mEl+kaDe mElgaDe
kAl+toDaku kAldoDaku
horapaDikegaLu
mEl+kApu mEl+tara
mElkApu mEltara
lakArada baLika: kUDupada:
kAl+keDisu kAlgeDisu kAldege
kAl+tege
horapaDikegaLu
mEl+kaTTu
mElkaTTu
(3) LakArada baLika: jODupadagaLu
bAL+keDika kIL+tuTi
bALgeDika
kILduTi
muL+kattige kIL+tara
horapaDikegaLu
muLkattige kILtara
LakArada baLika: kUDupadagaLu: sUL+kare
sULgare
horapaDikegaLu
ELu+taru
eLtaru
(3) mUguliya baLika: jODupadagaLu hin+kattu hingattu
hengole
heN+kole mundale
mun+tale
horapaDikegaLu
mun+kANke munkANke uN+koLave uNkoLave
mUguliya baLika: kUDupadagaLu mun+kANu mungANu hin+tirugu hindirugu mun+tOru mundOru
horapaDikegaLu
mun+teru hin+tirucu
munteru hintirucu
mUguligaLa baLika sakAra cakAravAdudannu mattu hakAra
(>pakAra) bakAravAdudannU kelavu padagaLalli kANabahudu:
horapaDikegaLu
mun+paDe eN+pariju
munpaDe eNpariju
jODupadagaLalli: mun+sUru munjUru ken+soDaru kenjoDaru mun+hagalu mumbagalu ben+hittilu bembittilu
kUDupadagaLalli: hin+sari mun+hELu mumbELu
hinjari
rakArada baLikavU kakAra-takAragaLu gakAra-dakAragaLAguttave; Adare, mEle 2.2.6ralli tiLisidante, illi rakAravU gakAra-dakAra gaLAgi badalAguttade. idallade, ha(pa)kAravU rakArada baLika bakAra vAgiruvudannu kANabahudu. Adare, I mArpADu jODupadagaLalli mAtra kANisuttade:
(1) mArpADAgiruvudu
heggaTTu
her+kaTTu heggaLLa her+kaLLa iddore
ir+tore her+halasu hebbalasu
kabboge
kAr+hoge
horapaDikegaLu
ir+kAlu mUr+kaNNu ir+tale
iru+hattu mUr+huri
ikkAlu mukkaNNu ittale ippattu muppuri
2.2.6ra mArpADige oLapaDada rakArada baLika banda kakAra- takAragaLU gakAra-dakAragaLAgi badalAgaballuvu. idakkU pEr+ tere>perdere, kUr+katti>kUrgatti embantaha padagaLannu ettugeyAgi koDabahudu.
2.2.10 ha(pa)kAra, bakAra mattu makAragaLu vakAravAguvudu
kelavu padagaLalli tereyuliya baLika banda h(p), b mattu m gaLu vakAravAgi badalAgiruvudannu kANabahudu. Adare ittIcege unTumADiruva padagaLalli I mArpADu kANisuvudilla.
jODupadagaLalli: pari+piDi pariviDi
naDu+hagalu naDuvagalu bele+heNNu beleveNNu maDa+bAyi maDavAyi paDe+mAtu paDevAtu paDuvane
paDu+mane
kUDupadagaLalli:
mundu+hari munduvari impu+paDe impuvaDe talevAgu
tale+bAgu
horapaDikegaLu
eDe+hagalu dOre+haNNu kisa+bAyi mane+mAtu aDu+mane
eDehagalu dOrehaNNu kisabAyi manemAtu aDumane
horapaDikegaLu
aDDi+paDisu bIDu+biDu
aDDipaDisu bIDubiDu
oTTisida padagaLalli I mArpADugaLu naDediruvudannu hu mattu me oTTugaLa baLakeyalli kANabahudu; ivugaLalli hu oTTu modalige (haLegannaDada kAladalli) pu rUpadalliddudu AmEle vu embudAgi illavE hu embudAgi mArpaTTirabEku; ivattu kelavu padagaLalli idu vu rUpadalli, innu kelavu padagaLalli hu rUpadalli rUpadalli, mattu bEre kANisikoLLuttade. mElina olavige hu mattu pu rUpagaLu horapaDikegaLAguttave.
kelavu padagaLalli pu
hu oTTu: muDi mare
biDu kAyu suri
keDe
nali
seLe
biDu mEyu taLe
turi
me oTTu: mare
hOlu bELu uLi
muDivu
maravu
biDuvu
kAvu suruvu
keDavu nalivu seLavu biDuvu
mEvu
taLuvu
turuvu
marave hOluve bELuve
uLave
horapaDikegaLu hiDihu hiDi terahu tere tagu tagahu kAyu kAhu maDuhu maDi nere nerahu uli ulipu hoLe hoLapu toDu toDupu mEyu mEpu malepu male tiLipu tiLi
paLe paLame tIrame tIru uLu uLume olume oli
paricepadagaLinda hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLake yAguva hu oTTige pu rUpa ideyallade vu rUpa iruva hAge kANisuvudilla, mattu me oTTige ve rUpa illa (hiri-hirime, kaDu- kaDume). hAgAgi, iveraDU mElina olavige oLagAguvudillavendu hELabahudu.
(1) paricepadagaLinda hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuvalli:
pu rUpada baLake
biLupu
teLupu
kaDupu niDupu
biLi teLu kaDu niDu
hu rUpada baLake biguhu bigi kaDuhu kaDu
2.2.11 padagaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguvudu
mEle 2.2.1ralli, padagaLa koneya tereyuligaLu avugaLa baLika bErondu tereyuli bandAga bidduhOguvantaha mArpADannu vivarisalAyitu; illi vivarisaliruvudu padagaLa koneya ukAra adara baLika mucculiyondu bandAga bidduhOguvantaha innondu bageya sErikeya mArpADu.
ukAradalli konegoLLuva padagaLalli ukArada modalu y, r, l, L illavE mUguli (n, N, m) bandiruvalli mAtra I mArpADu naDeyuttade. ettugegAgi, kAlu padavannu baLasiruva kAlmaNe, kAlbaLe, kAlnaDige, kAldege modalAda jODupada mattu kUDupadagaLalli A padada koneya ukAra bidduhOgiruvudannu kANabahudu. idE rItiyalli Ayu padakke kuLi, ke mattu ta oTTu sErisidAga, A padada koneya ukAra bidduhOgiruvudannu AykuLi, Ayke mattu Ayta padagaLalli kANabahudu.
idallade, ukArada modalu bandiruva mucculigaLu immaDi rUpadalliddare, avu otte rUpakke mArpADuttave. ettugegAgi, kaNNu padakke tappu padavannu sErisi unTumADida kaNtappu jODupada dalli kaNNu padada immaDu NakAra otte NakAravAgide.
I sErikeya olavige halavu horapaDikegaLU ive; hindina kAla dalli unTumADiruva padagaLalli I mArpADu horapaDikegaLillade naDedirabEku; Adare, AmEle unTumADiruva heccina padagaLallU ukAravannu uLisikonDu oTTugaLannu mattu padagaLannu avakke sErisa lAguttide: kAlukILu, kAludAri, kaNNuguLi, kaNNuguDDe, Eruta, koLLuga modalAda padagaLannu idakke ettugeyAgi koDabahudu. hAgAgi, antaha padagaLu mElina sErikeya olavige horapaDikegaLAgi kANisuttave.
nijakkU haLegannaDada kAladalli I padagaLa koneyalli y, r, l modalAda mucculigaLE baruttidduvu, mattu avu otte rUpadalli mAtravE baruttidduvu (kAl, kaDal, kaN); hosagannaDada kAlakkAgu vAga avugaLa baLika ukAravondu sErikonDitu (kAl>kAlu, kaDal>kaDalu), mattu giDDa tereyuligaLa baLika banda I mucculi gaLu (rakAravannu horatupaDisi) eraDu barigekantegaLiruva padagaLalli immaDi mucculigaLAgi mArpaTTuvu (kal>kallu, kaN>kaNNu). hAgAgi, I padagaLannu unTumADidda hottinalli ukAra biddu hOguva, illavE immaDi mucculi otte mucculiyAguva mArpADugaLE bEkAgiralilla.
ivattu
hosapadagaLannu unTumADabEkendiruvavarige I sErikeya mArpADannu baLasuva mUlaka heccu aDakavAda padagaLannu unTumADalu baruttade embudannu illi gamanisabahudu. ettuge gAgi, kaNNuguLi embudakkinta kaNguLi embudu, kAludAri embuda kkinta kAldAri embudu heccu ADakavAgide.
mElina sErikeya mArpADannu tOrisuva mattu tOrisadiruva
kelavu ettugegaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
(1) ukArada modalu rakAraviruva padagaLu: ukAra bidduhOgiruvudu (ka) jODupadagaLu: Eru+maNe nIru+kallu nIrgallu
tIrkaNe
tIru+kaNe
Eru+kaNe
nIru+guLLe tIru+kaDe
ErvaNe
ukAra bidduhOgadiruvudu
ErugaNe nIruguLLe tIrugaDe
(ca) kUDupadagaLu: Asaru+kaLe AsargaLe
Eru+paDu
ErpaDu
(Ta) oTTisida padagaLu: tIrpu tIru+pu sErme sEru+me
usiru+kaTTu
usirukaTTu
tIru+vaLi hEru+ka
tIruvaLi hEruka
(2) ukArada modalu lakAraviruva padagaLu: ukAra bidduhOgiruvudu (ka) jODupadagaLu:
ukAra bidduhOgadiruvudu
kalnAru
kallu+nAru kavalu+kombu kavalgombu kAlcApe
kAlu+cApe todalu+nuDi todalnuDi
kallu+gunDu kavalu+naLike kAlu+dAri digilu+kanasu
kallugunDu kavalunaLike kAludAri digiluganasu
(ca) kUDupadagaLu: kAlu+tege kAldege
kAlu+keDisu kAlgeDisu kAlumADu
(Ta) oTTisida padagaLu: kanalu+ke kanalke sOlu+me sOlme
arilu+vaLi arilvaLi
kAlu+kaTTu
kAlukaTTu
kAlu+mADu
sOlu+ve hOlu+ve
sOluve hOluve
(3) ukArada modalu LakAraviruva padagaLu: ukAra bidduhOgiruvudu (ka) jODupadagaLu: kILu+nOTa kILnOTa sILu+tuTi sILduTi
ukAra bidduhOgadiruvudu
kILu+mAtu sILu+nOTa bILu+gunDi
kILumAtu sILunOTa bILugunDi
(ca) kUDupadagaLu: kOLu+kole kOLgole bILu+koDu bILkoDu
(Ta) oTTisida padagaLu: koLge koLLu+ge teLpu teLu+pu bALme bALu+me
kALu+kaTTu
kALugaTTu
koLLu+ga
teLu+pu
bALu+ve
koLLuga teLupu bALuve
ukAra bidduhOgadiruvudu
(4) ukArada modalu mUguligaLiruva padagaLu: ukAra bidduhOgiruvudu (ka) jODupadagaLu: uNNu+koLave uNkoLave heNNu+kUsu hengUsu bennu+kAvalu bengAvalu mInu+cuLLi mIncuLLi
honnu+ginDi honginDi kaNNu+kaTTu
uNNu+mane heNNu+kUsu bennu+cIla mInu+moTTe honnu+bAki
kaNkaTTu
uNumane heNNukUsu bennucIla mInumoTTe honnubAki
(ca) kUDupadagaLu: kaNNu+koLisu kangoLisu bennu+hattu bembattu
(Ta) oTTisida padagaLu: heNNu+gasu hengasu
kaNNu+kukku bennu+hattu
kaNNukukku bennuhattu
heNNu+ga
heNNuga
uNumane padadalli ukAra bidduhOgadiddarU, immaDi NakAra otte NakAravAgide embudannu gamanisabahudu. ukArada modalu makAraviruva padagaLalli ukAra bidduhOguva hAge kANisuvudilla (cimmu-cimmuge, dimmu-dimmuhiDi).
(5) ukArada modalu yakAraviruva ellA padagaLallU avugaLa baLika mucculiyalli modalAguva pada illavE oTTu bandAga ukAra bidduhOguttade.
(ka) jODupadagaLu: baytale bayyu+tale oyyu+cIla oycIla hAykaDa hAyu+kaDa
(ca) kUDupadagaLu: suyyu+kare koyyu+taru koytaru kAyu+koLLU kAykoLLu
suygare
(Ta) oTTisida padagaLu: Ayke Ayu+ke geyme geyyu+me kAyu+pu kAypu koyyu+lu koylu bayyu+gaLu baygaLu
2.3 hesarupadagaLa iTTaLa
iTTaLaviruva hesarupadagaLu kannaDadalli oTTisida padagaLu mattu jODupadagaLu embudAgi eraDu bageyavAgiruttave:
(1) yAvudAdarU ondu padakke ondu oTTannu sErisi unTumADiruva padagaLu oTTisida padagaLu, mattu
(2) yAvudAdarU ondu padakke ondu hesarupadavannu sErisi unTumADiruva padagaLu jODupadagaLu.
mukyavAgi, oTTisida padagaLannu unTumADuvudakkAgi hesarupada, esakapada illavE paricepadagaLige yAvudAdarU ondu oTTannu sErisalAguttade, mattu jODupadagaLannu unTumADuvudakkAgi avE mUru bageya padagaLalli ondakke yAvudAdarU hesarupada vannu sErisalAguttade. I Aru bageya iTTaLagaLige ettugegaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
oTTisida padagaLu:
- hesarupada+oTTu:
- esakapada+oTTu:
- paricepada+oTTu:
jODupadagaLu:
- hesarupada+hesarupada:
- esakapada+hesarupada:
- paricepada+hesarupada:
gANa+iga
hogaLu+ike oLLe+tana
gANiga hogaLike oLLetana
bayalu+ATa Uru+kOlu UrugOlu doDDa+amma
bayalATa
doDDamma
2.4 oTTisida hesarupadagaLu
oTTisida hesarupadagaLalli heccinavannU esakapadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi unTumADalAgide, mattu avugaLalli heccinavannU ondu padakke ondu oTTannu mAtra sErisi unTumADalAgide. ondakkinta heccu oTTugaLannu sErisi unTumADiruva hesarupadagaLu kelavu iruvuvAdarU, avugaLalli baruva oTTugaLannu sAmAnyavAgi eraDu hantagaLalli sErisalAgide.
ettugegAgi, mInugArike emba padadalli mInu hesarupada dondige gAra mattu ike emba eraDu oTTugaLu bandive. Adare, I padavannu eraDu hantagaLalli unTumADalAgide: modalige mInu padakke gAra oTTannu sErisi mInugAra emba hesarupadavannu
unTu mADalAgide, mattu AmEle mInugAra padakke ike oTTannu hesarupadavannu sErisi unTumADalAgide.
mInugArike
innondu
emba
kannaDa padagaLalli baruva oTTugaLella hinnoTTugaLu, endare pada gaLa baLika baruvantahavu. samskrutadinda eravalAgi bandiruva a- jnAna, vi-jnAna, nir-udyOga modalAda padagaLalli mAtra padagaLa modalu baruva munnoTTugaLu kANisikoLLuttave. (I munnoTTugaLalli apa- embudu kannaDa padadondigU bandiruvu dannu apanambike padadalli kANabahudu.)
hIgiddarU, kIL, pEr, niT, kaT, kAr, kir, naT modalAda kelavu paricepadagaLannu hesarupadagaLondige sErisi unTumADiruva kILele, pErusiru, niTTusiru, kaTTiruve, kAraDavi, kirunAlige, modalAda jODupadagaLu munnoTTugaLannu baLasi unTu mADiruva padagaLa hAgeyE tumbA aDakavAgiruttave embudannu munde (2.5.5ralli) nODaliruvevu.
naTTaDavi
padagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLakeyAguva oTTugaLu entaha padagaLondige baraballuvu, avugaLa rUpadalli illavE avuga Londige sEruva padagaLa rUpadalli entaha sErikeya mArpADugaLu naDeyuttave, mattu avakke entaha huruLugaLannu koDabahudu embudara kuritAgi kaTTuniTTAda kaTTalegaLannu bareyalu baruvudilla. avugaLa baLakeya kuritu kelavu olavugaLannaSTE kANalu baruttade.
padarUpadoTTugaLige kaTTuniTTAda baLakegaLiruttave, mattu avu baLakeyAguvalli tOribaruva sErikeya mArpADugaLU heccu kaTTu niTTAgiruttave. idannu munde nAlkanE pasugeyalli nODabahudu.
I viSayadalli padadoTTugaLu padarUpadoTTugaLinda bErAgive; avugaLannu kaTTuniTTAda gumpugaLalli aNigoLisalu baruvudilla. idallade, avu entaha padagaLondige baraballuvu embudara kuritAgiyU kaTTuniTTAda kaTTalegaLannu bareyalu baruvudilla. hAgAgi, illi avugaLa paTTimADi, avugaLa baLakeyalli kANisuva kelavu olavugaLannaSTE sUcisalu baruttade.
hIgiddarU, hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLakeyAgiruva oTTugaLannu keLage esakapadagaLondige baruvavu, hesarupadagaLondige
baruvavu, mattu paricepadagaLondige baruvavu embudAgi mUru gumpugaLalli bErpaDisi koDalAgide.
kelavu oTTugaLu onderaDu padagaLondige mAtra baLakeyAguttave; Adare, bEre kelavu oTTugaLu halavAru padagaLondige baLake yAguttiddu, avannu hosa hosa padagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLasa ballevu. kelavE kelavu padagaLondige baLakeyAguva oTTugaLU namage bEkiruvantaha yAvudAdarU huruLannu koDuva hAgiddalli, avannU hosa padagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLasaballevu.
2.4.1 esakapadagaLinda hesarupadagaLu
mEle tiLisida hAge, kannaDadalli baruva oTTisida hesarupadagaLalli heccinavannU esakapadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi unTumADalAgide; paricepadagaLige illavE bEre hesarupadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi unTumADiruva hesarupadagaLu aSTondilla.
(1) gagagaga oTTu esakapadagaLige I oTTannu sErisuva mUlaka, adu tiLisuva esaka vannu naDesuva vyaktiyannu hesarisalAguttade. ettugegAgi, hADuga pada hADuvavanannu, bEDuga pada tirukanannu, dOcuga pada dOcuvavanannu hesarisuttade. idara baLakege kelavu ettugegaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
kELuga
kELu kUguga
kUgu sAku sAkuga
oppu oppuga
kettuga
kettu baLasu baLasuga
hogaLu hogaLuga
hADu hADuga bEDu bEDuga sAruga sAru kaTTuga kaTTu koLLuga koLLu tiLisu tiLisuga toDagu toDaguga
aLavaDisu-aLavaDiga,
mattu hambalisu-hambaliga padagaLalli I oTTu sEridAga, avugaLa koneya su barigekante bidduhOgide.
tettisu-tettiga
‘nanTa’,
idallade, arasu-arasiga
‘huDukuvavanu’, aTTu-aTTiga ‘himbAlaka’ ondu-ondiga ‘paDedavanu’, kobbu-kobbiga ‘kobbi davanu’ mattu pUNu-pUNiga ‘billugAra’ emba padagaLalli I oTTu iga rUpadalli bandide.
kANabahudu:
kelavu kaDegaLalli I oTTannu baLasiruva padakke bEreyE huruLu modalaneyadAgi, tinnu-tinnuga bandiruvudannu ‘tinnuva bageyannu aritavanu’, biDu-biDuga ‘sanyAsi’, bare-barega ‘gumAsta’, dATu-dATuga ‘dEvaru’ embantaha padagaLalli idu heccina huruLannu paDedide; eraDaneyadAgi, kaDi-kaDiga ‘ili’, hIru- hIruga ‘hIruva kAgada’, ettu-ettuga ‘elivETar, liphT’, hudugu-huduga ‘hodike’, kalasu-kalasuga ‘miksar’ embantaha padagaLalli idu obba vyaktiyannu hesarisuva padalu ondu prANiyannu illavE vastuvannu hesarisuttade.
sari-sariga ‘sariyAgi naDeyuvavanu’ embudaralli ondu esakapada rUpakke I oTTannu sErisalAgide, mattu sayyu ‘tappumADadiru’ sayyaga ‘tappumADuvavanu’ embudaralli esakapadada allagaLeyuva rUpakke I oTTannu sErisalAgide.
oDahuTTuga, kallukuTiga, cambukuTiga, taTTetoLega, AduNiga modalAda bEre kelavu padagaLalli kUDupadada rUpadalliruva esaka padagaLondige I oTTannu baLasalAgide.
I oTTige ‘ganDasu’ emba huruLU baraballudAgiddu, ‘hengasu’ emba huruLannu koDabEkiddalli, adarondige itti oTTannu baLasa bEkAguttade (bEDugitti, koLLugitti, hADugitti).
(2-3) ikeikeikeike mattu gegegege oTTugaLu ike mattu ge oTTugaLu kelavu viSayagaLalli ondE oTTina eraDu rUpagaLa hAge kANisuttave, Adare bEre kelavu viSayagaLalli avu eraDu bEre bEre oTTugaLa hAgeyU kANisuttave. modalige ondE oTTina eraDu rUpagaLAgiddu, ivattu eraDu oTTugaLAgi bErpaDu ttiruvudE idakke kAraNavirabahudu.
aDagu, kanalu, karagu, tegaLu embavugaLantaha mUru barige kantegaLiruva, illavE ALu, tOru, bEDu, hADu embavu
gaLantaha modalaneya barigekanteyalli udda tereyuliyiruva esaka padagaLondige ge oTTu baruvudu kaDime; isu oTTinalli kone goLLuva eNisu, bayasu, marukaLisu modalAda padagaLa baLika vantU ike oTTu mAtra kANisuttade (eNike, bayake, marukaLike).
idakke badalu, uDu, toDu, koDu, kudi, baDi, heru, horu embavugaLantaha udda tereyuli illavE ottubarigeyilladiruva eraDu barigeya esakapadagaLondige ike oTTu baruvudu kaDime. I eraDu viSayagaLu averaDU ondE oTTina rUpagaLirabEkennuvudannu bembalisuttave.
Adare, bEre kelavu viSayagaLu ivu bEre bEre oTTugaLemba mAtige bembala koDuttave. ettugegAgi, kelavE kelavu kaDegaLalli mAtra ike oTTu ke rUpadalli, mattu ge oTTu ige rUpadalli baruttave; heccineDegaLallU avu ike mattu ge rUpadallE baruttave. I vyatyAsavannu keLage koTTiruva ettugegaLalli kANabahudu.
ke rUpada baLake Ayu Ayke kanalu kanalke beresu berake bayasu bayake
beccike taggike
ike rUpada baLake
beccu taggu anju anjike
nambu nambike
haraDu haraDike
nAcike
nAcu
ige rUpada baLake muccu muccige teru hEsu hEsige hErige hEru
terige
ge rUpada baLake appu appuge kettuge kettu ondu onduge nambuge nambu kadaDuge kadaDu nAcuge nAcu
idallade, I eraDu oTTugaLa naDuve huruLinallU vyatyAsaviruva hAge kANisuttade: ike oTTu sAmAnyavAgi ondu esakapadavu tiLisuva esakavannu hesarisuttade, mattu ge oTTu antaha esakadinda doreyuva vastu, esakada pariNAma, illavE esakakke baLasida
upakaraNa modalAda esakakke sambandisidavugaLannu hesarisuttade. I vyatyAsavannu keLage koTTiruva ettugegaLalli kANabahudu:
Arike
ike oTTina baLake Eru Erike tOru tOrike
Aru enisu enisike
agalu agalike
wj tirike tUgike
tUgu bedaru bedarike
ge oTTina baLake hAsu hAsuge muccu muccige koDu koDuge uDu uDuge baDi teru holi holige barduge bardu
baDige terige
ondE esakapadadondige I eraDu oTTugaLU bandiruva kaDe
gaLallU I vyatyAsavannu kANabahudu:
esakapada meccu tALu sEru hEru nAcu
ike oTTinondige meccike ‘meccuvike’ay tALike ay‘tALuvike’ sErike ay‘sEruvike’ hErike ay‘hEruvike’ nAcike ay‘nAcuvike’
ge oTTinondige meccuge ‘oppige’ay tALuge ay‘anubava’ sErige ay ‘kUTa’ay hErige ay ‘hore’ nAcuge ay‘apamAna’ay
Adare, paNNike-paNNuge, mUDike-mUDuge, hEsike-hEsige, addike-adduge modalAda bEre kelavu kaDegaLalli I eraDu oTTugaLU ondE huruLinalli baLakeyAgive.
idallade, I oTTugaLa naDuve huruLinalliruva I vyatyAsa ondu olavu mAtra. yAkendare, kELike ‘gALisuddi’, toLalike ‘brame’, moLake, hiDike, gaLike, hodike modalAda bEre kelavu kaDegaLalli ike oTTu esakada pariNAma illavE upakaraNavannu tiLisuvantaha huruLinallU baLakeyAgide.
ekAra illavE ikAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu tiLisuva esakavannu hesarisuvudakkAgi ta oTTannu baLasuvudE heccu. hAgAgi, intaha esakapadagaLondige ike oTTina baLake kaDime; baLasiruvallU adu heccAgi, irike, arike, parike, hiDike, moLake, hodike
padagaLalli kANisuva hAge, esakada pariNAma illavE upakaraNavannu hesarisuva huruLinalli bandide.
ge oTTina baLakeyU kudige, baDige, sulige, naDige, heNige, besuge modalAda intaha ekAra illavE ikAradalli konegoLLuva kelavE kelavu esakapadagaLondige mAtra kANisuttade.
kelavu padagaLalli ge oTTu aN illavE vaN emba innondu oTTinondige bandiruvudannu kANabahudu; adakke illi ige rUpa vide:
bIsu bIsaNige
bAcu bAcaNige
sIru sIraNige
meccu meccavaNige
bare nere beLe mere
baravaNige neravaNige
beLavaNige meravaNige
isu oTTinalli konegoLLuva halavu esakapadagaLondige ike oTTu baraballudu; adannu sErisuvAga, esakapadagaLa koneya su bidduhOguttade:
aggaLisu appaLisu aLavaDisu Okarisu kaDegaNisu baDabaDisu bikkaLisu marukaLisu mUdalisu hEvarisu taraharisu
aggaLike appaLike aLavaDike Okarike kaDegaNike baDabaDike bikkaLike marukaLike mUdalike hEvarike taraharike
arake eNike
baLake salike harake
arasu eNisu bayasu bayake
baLasu salisu harasu hAraysu hArayke gaLike gaLisu gadarisu gadarike AkaLisu AkaLike maDike maDisu
I eraDu oTTugaLa naDuvina innondu vyatyAsavEnendare, ge oTTiginta ike oTTu heccu padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade: ge oTTu heccu kaDime 80 esakapadagaLondige baruttideyAdare, ike oTTu 130raSTu esakapadagaLige sEriruvudannu kANabahudu.
ike oTTu sEriruvalli mEle 2.2.1ralli vivarisiruva tereyuli bidduhOguva mArpADu naDeyuttadeyembudannu gamanisabahudu (Eru-Erike, agalu-agalike); ige rUpadalliruva ge oTTu sEri dAgalU I mArpADugaLu naDeyuttave (naDe-naDige, sEru- sErige, hEru-hErige);
ke rUpadalliruva ike oTTu sEridAga 2.2.11ralli vivarisiruva padagaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguva mArpADU naDeyuttade (Ayu-Ayke, kanalu-kanalke).
(2ka) ikeikeikeike padarUpadoTTu kannaDadalli ike rUpadalliruva innondu oTTu ide; adannu nEravAgi esakapadagaLige sErisuva badalu, avugaLa pattuge rUpakke sErisalAgu ttade (meccuva+ike - meccuvike, meccada+ike - meccadike).
Adare, idu mElina ike oTTiginta bErAdudu. yAkendare, adakke ellA kaDegaLallU ike emba ondE rUpavide, mattu adu ellA esakapadagaLa pattuge rUpagaLondigU baraballudu. idallade, adara baLake ondu padarUpavannu koDuttadallade bErondu pada vannalla. hAgAgi, adannilli ondu padarUpadoTTendu kareyalAgide (4.7.4 nODi).
Adare, I padarUpada ike oTTannu mumbottina pattuge rUpa gaLondige mattu allagaLeyuva pattuge rUpagaLondige baLasalu baruttadallade, ninta, oggida, idda, meccida, oppida, hOda modalAda himbottina pattuge rUpagaLondige baLasalu baruvudilla.
Adare, mumbottina rUpagaLige adannu sErisidAga, avakkiruva mumbottina huruLu illavAguttade; ettugegAgi, nilluvike emba padarUpa munde naDeyaliruva esakagaLannu mAtravallade hinde naDeda esakagaLannU tiLisaballudu. I oTTigiruva eraDu bageya baLakegaLannu keLage koTTiruva ettugegaLalli kANabahudu:
mumbottina rUpadondige allagaLeyuva rUpadondige nilluva iruva
nilluvike iruvike
nilladike illadike
nillada illada
meccuvike meccuva oppuvike oppuva hOguvike hOguva
meccada oppada hOgada hOgadike
meccadike oppadike
(4) tatatata oTTu ekAra illavE ikAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLige I oTTannu sErisuva mUlaka, avu tiLisuva esakavannu hesarisuvantaha hesaru padagaLannu unTumADalAguttade.
(ka) ekAradalli konegoLLuva padagaLu: ageta eLeta
odeta kareta kaLeta kereta koDeta
taDeta toreta
negeta bageta miDita moreta
eseta seDeta
age eLe ode kare kaLe kere koDe taDe tore nege bage miDi more ese seDe hoDe hoDeta
oDe oge ore kale kore koge kade tege dore paDe mare mere save seTe seLe hoLe hoLeta
oDeta ogeta ‘sAvu’ oreta kaleta koreta kogeta kadeta tegeta doreta paDeta mareta mereta saveta seTeta seLeta
I oTTannu ekAradalli konegoLLuva kUDupadadondigU baLasa lAguttade embudannu allagaLeta, kiccoreta, kaTToreta, maynareta, maymareta, sULgareta, hintegeta modalAda kelavu hesarupadagaLalli kANabahudu.
arata (<are) emba hesarupadadalli esakapadada koneya ekAra akAravAgide; koDeta (<koDe) emba hesarupadakkU koData emba rUpa ide.
(ca) ikAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu:
Cj iLi
arita iLita
Ej dr
irita jaDita
uri urita kaDita kuDita kusita duDita baDita maNita mugita
surita harita hugita huLita
kaDi kuDi kusi duDi baDi maNi mugi suri hari hugi huLi
uLi uLita kalita kali kuNita kuNi turita
turi nuDita
nuDi birita biri miDita miDi murita muri siDita siDi hiDita hiDi hurita huri
ukAradalli
I oTTu ikAradalli konegoLLuva kUDupadagaLondige bandiru vudannu EriLita, edebaDita, talesiDita, taluparita, mayyiLita, hinjarita, himbaDita modalAda kelavu hesarupadagaLalli kANabahudu. koneya barigekanteyalli yakAraviruva esakapadagaLige mElina huruLinallE I oTTannu sErisa lAguttade; I oTTu sEridAga avugaLa koneya barigekanteyalli kelavu badalAvaNegaLAguttaveyembudannu keLagina padagaLalli kANa bahudu:
konegoLLuvudiddarU
keyyu geyyu hoyyu mEyu
keyta geyta hoyta mEta
koyta koyyu tuyyu tuyta Arayyu Arayta Ayu
Ayta, Ayata
mEyu padada koneya barigekante bidduhOguttade; Ayu padada koneya ukAra bidduhOguttade, illavE adu akAravAgi badalAguttade; uLida padagaLa koneya yu bidduhOguttade (2.2. 11 nODi).
mIru-mIrita, migu-migita, tappu-tappita mattu oppu- oppita emballU ukAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLondige I oTTu bandiddu, avugaLa ukAra ikAravAgi badalAgide. Eru-Eruta emballi mAtra ukAra ikAravAgilla. kODu-koData emballi
ukAra akAravAgide mattu modalanE ulikanteya tereyuli giDDa vAgide (2.2.5 nODi).
(5) hahahaha oTTu esakapadagaLu tiLisuva esakavannu hesarisuvudakkAgi avugaLige ha oTTannu sErisiyU kelavu hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalAgide.
Cj kuDi kudi tiLi suli bare kare kaLe tore nene
ariha kuDiha kudiha tiLiha suliha
baraha karaha kaLaha toreha
neneha
aDagu aDaguha kAduha kAdu kuTTuha kuTTu kUDu kUDuha mIyu mIha keDuha keDu kELuha kELu taruha taru tengu tenguha mADu mADuha
Adare, I padagaLalli heccinavU ivattu baLakeyinda biddu hOgive. I oTTina hindina rUpavAgidda pa oTTU aLi-aLipa, kudi-kudipa, ore-orepa, bare-barepa, tone-tonepa, taLi-taLipa modalAda kelavu hesarupadagaLalli kANisuttiddu, I padagaLallU heccinavu ivattu baLakeyalli uLidilla.
(6) tetetete oTTu I oTTu ekAradalli konegoLLuva ELu padagaLondige, ikAradalli konegoLLuva mUru padagaLondige, mattu ukAradalli kone goLLuva nAlku padagaLondige baruttade; I padagaLannu keLage koDa lAgide.
I oTTu sEridAga, 2.2.3ralli vivarisida hAge, esakapadagaLa koneya ekAra akAravAguttade. idallade, avi padada ikAra ukAra vAguttade, migu padada ukAra akAravAguttade (2.2.5 nODi), mattu kavaru padada koneya ru bidduhOguttave.
ekAradalli konegoLLuvavu ikAradalli konegoLLuvavu naDe aLe kore dore ore nere age
naDate aLate korate
dorate orate nerate agate
miDite maDite
avute
miDi maDi avi
ukAradalli konegoLLuvavu biDute biDu migu migate hogu hogute kavaru
kavate
(7) kakakaka oTTu I oTTu sEridAga, 2.2.3ralli vivarisidante, esakapadagaLa koneya ekAra akAravAguttade; kudi, kuDi, tiri, baDi mattu muri emba esakapadagaLalli avugaLa koneya ikAra ukAravAguttade, mattu uLida padagaLalli ikAra badalAgadiruttade; kundu mattu muccu esakapadagaLalli avugaLa koneya ukAra akAravAguttade, keDu pada dalli ikAravAguttade, mattu uLida padagaLalli badalAgadiruttade (2.2.5 nODi); idallade, himbAlisu padada koneya su biddu hOguttade embudannu keLagina padagaLalli kANabahudu:
(ka) ekAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu: eraka koLaka neraka
ere koLe nere
kore aLe
koraka aLaka
(ca) ikAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu: Gj urika kuduka kudi aLika aLi sulika suli
kuDi wj baDi muri
kuDuka tiruka baDuka (bAyibaDuka) muruka
(Ta) ukAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu: kundu ujju ujjuka muccu eNNuka keDu higguka hIru heccuka himbAlisu himbAlaka hEruka
kundaka muccaka keDika
hIruka
eNNu higgu heccu hEru
(8) alualualualu oTTu I oTTige alu mattu ilu emba eraDu rUpagaLive; ukAradalli konegoLLuva padagaLondige idu alu rUpadalli baruttade; illi kAyu esakapadada yakAra vakAravAgide embudannu gamanisabahudu:
aLu aLalu
kUDalu
kUDu okkalu okku kappalu kappu paDalu
paDu mUDu mUDalu
hekkalu
hekku kuppu kuppalu
aDaku aDakalu
tUralu
tUru
ikkalu
ikku kOru kOralu oTTu oTTalu kemmu kemmalu muTTu muTTalu meTTu meTTalu bILu bILalu tongu tongalu kAyu kAvalu
Adare, keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli I oTTu ilu rUpadallide; adu sEruvAga, yakAraviruva esakapadagaLalli ondu yakAra biddu hOguttade.
koyilu koyyu suyyu suyilu ayyu ayilu siDilu
siDi
heNe heNilu tavu tavilu pugilu pugu migu migilu
(9) aaaa oTTu esakapadagaLige I oTTannu sErisi, avu tiLisuva esakada pariNAma vannu hesarisalAguttade; I oTTu sEridAga, 2.2.1ralli vivarisidante, padagaLa koneya tereyuli bidduhOguttade:
oDDu oDDa gummu gumma
tIru baru
tIra bara
bili-billa ‘koLLuga’ emballi esakavannu naDesuva vyaktiyannu
hesarisuvudakkAgi billa rUpadondige I oTTannu baLasalAgide.
esakapadagaLa koneyalliruva gu mattu Du barigekantegaLu I oTTu sEridAga k mattu T embudAgi mArpaDuvudannu keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli kANabahudu:
naDugu naDuka tirugu tiruka marugu maruka aDagu aDaka esagu esaka masagu masaka ‘heccuge’ay
tUgu hOgu hOka (dArihOka)
tUka
kATa
ADu ATa ODu Nl nODu nOTa kADu mADu mATa kUDu kUTa UDu UTa hUDu hUTa tIDu tITa tODu tOTa bEDu bETa
ADu esakapadavannu baLasi mADiruva halavu kUDupadagaLu kannaDa dallive; ivugaLalli kelavu mElina a oTTinondige sEri hesaru padagaLAgaballuvu. illiyU, esakapadada koneya Du embudu T embudAgi mArpaDuttade:
hOrATa ODATa
hOrADu ODADu usirADu usirATa kAdATa kAdADu baDidATa baDidADu hArATa hArADu gOLATa gOLADu aledATa aledADu oDanATa oDanADu
kUgATa
tirugATa oddATa
tirugADu oddADu uruDADu uruDATa kUgADu hoDedADu hoDedATa jaggADu huDukADu konDADu heNagADu
jaggATa huDukATa konDATa heNagATa
Adare, I oTTu intaha ellA
kUDupadagaLondigU baruvudilla; ettugegAgi, bisADu, nagADu, mAtanADu, allADu, kApADu modalAdavugaLondige adara baLakeyilla. idallade, I oTTannoLa gonDiruva mArATa, huDugATa modalAda bEre kelavu hesaru padagaLige samanAda kUDupadagaLU kannaDadalli baLakeyallilla.
(10) vu/pu/hu vu/pu/hu oTTu vu/pu/hu vu/pu/hu mukyavAgi ikAra ekAra, mattu yu embudaralli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLondige baruva I oTTu vu, pu mattu hu emba mUru rUpagaLallide; haLegannaDada kAladallEnE pu embudu tere yuligaLa baLika vu embudAgi badalAgatoDagittu; hAge badalAgade uLida pu embudu AmEle hu embudAgi badalAgittu. ivattu kelavu padagaLalli idu vu rUpadalli, innu kelavu padagaLalli pu rUpadalli, mattu bEre kelavu padagaLalli hu rUpadalli kANisi koLLuttade.
I oTTu sEridAga esakapadagaLa koneya ekAra akAravAguttade,
mattu yu embudu bidduhOguttade.
arivu aLivu
(1) ikAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu: vu rUpadallibaLake
Cj aLi uLi uLivu
nali kaLi tiLi daNi
haLi hasi hari suri muri muDi
nalivu kaLivu tiLivu daNivu
haLivu hasivu harivu surivu
murivu
muDivu
pu rUpadalli baLake
uli ulipu
muDipu
muDi munipu
muni
hu rUpadalli baLake
hari bigi hiDi
harahu biguhu hiDihu
(2) ekAradalli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu:
vu rUpadallibaLake
ere kaDe kaLe tere mare seLe nere
eravu kaDavu kaLavu teravu maravu
seLavu neravu
pu rUpadalli baLake oDe kale taDe paDe mase hoLe hoLapu
oDapu kalapu taDapu paDapu masapu ‘tikkuvike’
hu rUpadalli baLake
tege tere bare hoLe hoLahu
tegahu terahu barahu
(3) yu embudaralli konegoLLuva esakapadagaLu:
vu rUpadallibaLake
kAyu kAvu kIyu kIvu mEyu mEvu
nOyu nOvu
sAyu sAvu bAyu bAvu
pu rUpadalli baLake
kAyu kApu mEyu mEpu
hu rUpadalli baLake
kAyu kAhu
ukAradalli konegoLLuva kelavu esakapadagaLa baLikavU I oTTu mElina mUru rUpagaLalli baruttade. idu sEridAga, iru, tagu, toDu mattu baru esakapadagaLa koneya ukAra akAravAguttade; hELu esakapadada ukAra ikAravAguttade, tIru padada ukAra bidduhOguttade; gellu mattu nillu esakapadagaLa ondu lakAra bidduhOguttade; mattu tirugu padada gu bidduhOguttade embu dannu keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli kANabahudu.
vu rUpadallibaLake
iDuvu
iDu iravu iru gellu geluvu
hELu hELivu
tirugu tiruvu toDu toDavu
niluvu
nillu baravu
baru biDuvu
biDu
pu rUpadalli baLake uDu uDupu
toDu toDupu tIru
tIrpu
hu rUpadalli baLake
tagu
tagahu
me/ve oTTu (11) me/ve me/ve me/ve mEle koTTiruva vu oTTina hAge, I oTTU me mattu ve emba eraDu rUpagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade; tereyuligaLa baLika banda me
embudu haLegannaDada kAladalli ve embudAgi badalAguttiddudE I rIti eraDu rUpagaLalli idu kANisikoLLalu kAraNa.
keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli idu me rUpadalli baruttade; idu sEridAga, modalaneya barigekanteyalli udda tereyuliyiruva kUru, tALu, mattu kANu padagaLa koneya ukAra, mattu geyyu padada koneya yu bidduhOguttade (2.2.11 nODi); tIru padada ukAra akAravAguttade; idallade, oli padada koneya ikAra ukAravAguttade, mattu kali hAgU tiNi padagaLa koneya ikAra bidduhOguttade:
kUrme kUru tALu tALme geyyu geyme kANme kANu kalme kali tiNme tiNi
tIrame ‘mugitAya’
tIru uLu uLume arime
Cj olume oli duDi duDime aragu arame ‘karaguvudu’
keLage koTTiruva esakapadagaLa baLika I oTTu ve rUpadalli baruttade; idu sEridAga, tIru mattu bALu padagaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguttade (2.2.11), hELu padada koneya ukAra ikAravAguttade, mattu aragu padada koneya gu bidduhOguttade.
tIrve bALve
tIru bALu bELu bELuve
sEruve
sEru
sOlu sOluve hOlu hOluve hELu hELive aragu arave ‘karaguvudu’
sari-sarime emballi me rUpadalliruva I oTTannu ondu esaka padada konerUpadondige baLasalAgide. allagaLeyuva padarUpa gaLondigU I oTTannu baLasalAguttade. idannu keLagina padagaLalli kANabahudu:
anju anjame ‘hedaradiruvudu’ illa tEru
illame tErame ‘pAsAgadiruvudu’ alla allame
Cj aragu arame, arave ‘karagadiruvudu’
ariyame ‘tiLiyadiruvudu’
idakke modalu koTTidda tIrame padadalli akAra kANisuttide yAdarU adu mEle koTTiruva anjame, tErame, ariyame, arame mattu arave padagaLalli kANisuvantaha allagaLeyuva a oTTalla; alli esakapadada ukAra akAravAgideyendu hELabEkAgu ttade.
idE rItiyalli, modalu bandidda arame mattu arave emba eraDu padagaLige nEravAgi me mattu ve oTTannu sErisalAgide, mattu mEle bandiruva idE rUpada eraDu padagaLige allagaLeyuva a oTTannu sErisi, AmEle me mattu ve oTTugaLannu sErisalAgide.
hindina baLakeyalli avakke ‘karaguvudu (jIrNa)’ emba huruLide, mattu I baLakeyalli ‘karagadiruvudu (ajIrNa)’ emba huruLide; hAgAgi, I eraDu baLakegaLalli avakke bEre bEre iTTaLagaLannu odagisabEkAguttade.
(12) vaLivaLivaLivaLi oTTu esakapadagaLige I oTTannu sErisi, avugaLa pariNAmavannu tiLisu vantaha kelavu hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalAgide.
Agu AguvaLi
kaTTu kaTTuvaLi
pattuvaLi
pattu huTTu huTTuvaLi muguvaLi mugi naDavaLi
naDe niluvaLi
nillu
ettu ettuvaLi tIru tIruvaLi muTTu muTTuvaLi nuDi hiDi sallu tiLi
nuDivaLi hiDuvaLi saluvaLi tiLuvaLike
koneya aydu padagaLalli kelavu sErikeya mArpADugaLu naDediru vudannu gamanisabahudu: muguvaLi, hiDuvaLi, mattu tiLuvaLike embavugaLalli esakapadada ikAra ukAravAgide; naDavaLi emballi ekAra akAravAgide; mattu niluvaLi mattu saluvaLi
embavugaLalli ondu lakAra bidduhOgide. idallade, tiLuvaLike embudaralli mElina oTTu ke oTTinondige bandide.
(13) eeee oTTu I oTTu ukAradalli konegoLLuva kelavu esakapadagaLondige baLake yAgide. I oTTu sEridAga, mEle 2.2.1ralli vivarisida tereyuli bidduhOguva mArpADu naDeyuttade; idallade, hOgu, tIDu mattu keDu padagaLa gakAra kakAravAguttade, mattu DakAra TakAra vAguttade; keDu embudaralli I TakAra immaDiyAguttade; sallu, nillu mattu kollu padagaLalliruva immaDi lakAradalli ondu lakAra bidduhOguttade; kaTTu padada kakAra gakAravAguttade; mattu suri padada ukAra uddavAguttade embudannu keLagina padagaLalli kANa bahudu.
kaTTe kaTTu taTTu taTTe Uru Ure horu hore tongu tonge
ekku haraTu haraTe mincu mince hOgu hOke
tIDu tITe kiru keDu
kere keTTe ‘aLivu’
ekke ‘hirime’
sekke ‘mUdalike’ay gaTTe(kaTTu) sale kette
sekku kaTTu sallu kettu uruLu uruLe kuppu nagu nelasu nelase ‘vasAhatu’ nillu nele kollu kole suri
sUre(biDu)
kuppe nage
(14) i i i i oTTu
ukAradalli konegoLLuva kelavu esakapadagaLondige I oTTannu
baLasalAgide.
hAyu hAdi kollu kuli ‘kolegAra’ Odu uNNu uNNi
(oDa)nOdi
Kj kaNi
Eru kANu hinDu hinDi uduru uduri
oDDu oDDi tinnu baLasu baLasi ‘suttu’
tinni, tIni
gOru gOri nATi naDu saravi ‘bETe’ saravu
I oTTu sEridAga, kollu mattu tinnu padagaLalli baruva immaDi mucculi otte mucculiyAguttade; tinnu padadalli idu kaDDAyavalla; Adare, I mArpADu naDedAga, adarondige tinnu padada modalina barigekanteya ikAra uddavAguttade, mattu kollu padada okAra ukAravAguttade.
idallade, kANu padada udda akAra giDDavAguttade; naDu padada giDDa akAra uddavAguttade, mattu adara DakAra TakAravAguttade; hAdi embudaralli hAyu padada himbottina rUpa (hAdu) baLake yAgiruva hAge kANisuttade.
(15) tanatanatanatana oTTu I oTTu hesaru illavE parice padagaLondige baruvudE heccu (2.4.2(3) mattu 2.4.3.(3) nODi); Adare kelavu esakapadaga LondigU idara baLakeyAgide. I oTTu sEridAga, ALu, baru mattu bALu padagaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguttade (2.2.11 nODi).
ALu ALtana bartana baru bALtana bALu
oge hEsu hEsutana
ogetana
(16) sonne oTTu kelavu esakapadagaLannu avugaLalli yAva mArpADannU mADade hesaru padagaLAgi baLasalu baruttade. ettugegAgi, hADannu hADidaLu emballi hADu padavannu modalige ondu hesarupadavAgi baLasa lAgide, mattu AmEle ondu esakapadavAgiyU baLasalAgide.
intaha kaDegaLallella ondu sonne oTTannu baLasalAgideyendu hELaballevu. idallade, ivugaLalli esakapadadinda hesarupadavannu paDeyalAgideyendu hELuvudE kannaDada maTTige sariyAgide.
yAkendare, kannaDadalli baLakeyalliruva oTTisida padagaLalli heccina vannU esakapadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi unTumADalAgide; hesaru padagaLige illavE paricepadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi unTumADiruva padagaLu, adarallU antaha esakapadagaLu kannaDadalli tumbA kaDime.
heccukaDime 160raSTu esakapadagaLu hIge hesarupadagaLAgi baLake yAgaballuvu. ivugaLalli heccinavugaLU esakapadagaLu tiLisuva esakada pariNAmavannu hesarisuttave. ettugegAgi, kaTTu esakapadavannu hesarupadavAgi baLasidAga, adu kaTTi mugisiruva ondu horeyannu illavE mUTeyannu hesarisuttade; ciguru esakapadavannu hesarupada vAgi baLasidAga, adu giDa ciguridAga horahommuva taLirannu hesarisuttade. taggu esakapadavannu hesarupadavAgi baLasidAga, adu taggAgiruva ondu jAgavannu hesarisuttade.
hIge, sonne oTTinondige sEri hesarupadagaLAgi baLakeyAgaballa, mattu esakada pariNAmavannu hesarisaballa bEre kelavu padagaLannu keLage ettugeyAgi koDalAgide:
kare
kaTTu kilubu koragu
uri uli kavalu kare kUgu kudi gIcu koLe taggu ciguru turi tuttu nare nuDi bALu bittu musuku sInu sollu
aLalu uguLu aLuku aLu Odu ode kinisu kAru kobbu kemmu guDugu guddu gIru tiruvu taDe tappu naDe toDaru nagu baduku nere nUlu mincu beLe bevaru hU suLi suttu husi hADu
sOlu hani
Adare, kelavu esakapadagaLannu hIge hesarupadagaLAgi baLasidAga, avu A esakavannu naDesuvalli baLakeyAguva upakaraNavannU hesarisa balluvu. ettugegAgi, anTu esakapadavannu hIge baLasidAga, adu anTisalu baLakeyAguva vastuvannu hesarisuttade; avuDu esakapada vannu hIge baLasidAga, adu avuDalu (endare agiyalu) baLake yAguva davaDeyannu hesarisuttade; huLi esakapadavannu hIge baLasi dAga, adu huLiyAgiruva vastuvannu hesarisuttade.
idallade, bEre kelavu esakapadagaLannu avugaLa modalanE giDDa tereyuliyannu uddavAgisuva mUlaka hesarupadagaLAgi mADalAgide:
iDu IDu pADu paDu koDu kODu
toDu tODu
biDu suDu keDu
bIDu sUDu kEDu
idallade, paDu-pATu embudaralli paDu esakapadada modalanE tereyuliyannu uddagoLisalAgideyallade, adara DakAravannu TakAra vAgi badalAyisalAgide; idakke badalu, hOgu-hOku embuda ralli hOgu esakapadada gakAravannu kakAravAgi badalAyisalAgide.
I ellA kaDegaLallU hesarupadavannu sonne oTTina sErikeyinda unTumADalAgideyendu, mattu hAge unTumADuvAga avugaLa rUpadalli mEle tiLisidantaha mArpADugaLu naDediveyendu hELa ballevu.
bEre kelavu oTTugaLu esakapadagaLinda hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLakeyAguva bEre kelavu oTTugaLu tumbA kaDime padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttave. hAgAgi, antaha oTTugaLannu keLage paTTimADalAgide, mattu avannu baLasiruva padagaLannU paTTimADalAgide:
-
aDa
-
aNe
- ane
- aLa
kaTTaDa
kaTTu tOru tOraDa
migu mikkaDa
jODu jODaNe
bedaru bedaraNe
sAgu sAgaNe
barcisu barcaNe
kettane
kettu muccu muccaLa
higgu hikkaLa
ottu ottaDa haccaDa haccu
tirugu tirugaNe sAkaNe sAku higgu higgaNe
bittu bittane heccu heccaLa hekkaLa hekku
- Aya
ottu ottAya
-
ALi
-
isu
-
G
-
ku
-
kuLi
-
guLi
-
ce
-
r
kAdALi
kAdu mAru mArALi
dabbALi(ke) dabbu
tinnu muLi taNi
tinisu muLisu
taNasu
kuDi
kuDu
keDu oDe biDu
keDuku
oDaku biDuku
aLu aLukuLi
ODu ODukuLi
tODu tOkuLi
sallu
sandAya
tinnu Odu
tinnALi OdALi
uNNu uNisu kinisu kini munisu muni
kaDi
kaDi biri
kATu
kaDuku biruku
eLe wj
eLakuLi tirukuLi
mare
mareguLi
anju anjuguLi
koLe
koLace
turi
turice
wAr tinnu tAru tAraDi mAru mAraDi cimmu cimmunDi
tAgu paccu
tAguDi paccaDi
- tAya
mugi mugi
mugitAya muktAya
iLi iLitAya uLi uLitAya
-
pe
-
vi
wj
tirupe
tEyu tEpe
kELu mare aLe nere
kELvi maravi aLavi neravi
toravi tore baLe baLavi odagu odavi
mEle koTTiruva oTTugaLu sEridAga, kelavu sErikeya mArpADu
gaLU naDediruvudannu gamanisabahudu:
(1) aDa oTTu sEridAga, migu padada gakAra immaDi kakAra vAguttade; (2) Aya oTTu sEridAga, sallu pada adara himbottina sand emba rUpadalli baruttade; (3) aLa oTTu sEridAga, higgu padada gakAra kakAravAguttade. (4) isu oTTu sEridAga, tinnu mattu uNNu padagaLa immaDi mUguli otte mUguliyAguttade; (5) u oTTu sEridAga, kaDi padada akAra uddavAguttade, mattu DakAra TakAravAguttade;
(6) ku oTTu sEridAga, kaDi mattu biri padagaLa ikAra ukAra vAguttade; (7) kuLi oTTu sEridAga, tiri padada koneya ikAra ukAravAguttade; mattu tODu padada Du barigekante biddu hOguttade. (8) Di oTTu sEridAga, tinnu padada koneya nu biddu hOguttade; tAru, paccu mattu mAru padagaLa koneya ukAra akAravAguttade; mattu cimmu padada baLika NakAra sErikoLLuttade; (9) tAya oTTu sEridAga, mugi padada koneya gi embudu k endAguttade;
(10) pe oTTu sEridAga tiri padada koneya ikAra ukAra vAguttade, mattu tEyu padada koneya yu bidduhOguttade; (11) vi oTTu sEridAga, kELu padada koneya ukAra (2.2.11) mattu odagu padada koneya gu bidduhOguttade.
idallade, 2.2.1ralli vivarisida olavinante, tereyuliyalli moda lAguva oTTugaLu sEriruvallella avugaLa modalu bandiruva padada koneya tereyuli bidduhOguttade, mattu 3.2.3ralli vivarisida olavinante, ku, kuLi, ce mattu vi oTTugaLu sEridAga, esakapadagaLa koneya ekAra akAravAguttade; Adare, guLi oTTu sEriruvalli I mArpADu naDeyuvudilla (mareguLi).
2.4.2 hesarupadagaLinda bEre hesarupadagaLu
hesarupadagaLinda bErondu hesarupadavannu unTumADuvudakkAgi kannaDadalli kelavu oTTugaLu baLakeyallive. keLage koTTiruva I oTTu
gaLalli heccinavU esakapadagaLinda hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLakeyAgiruvantaha oTTugaLE embudannu gamanisabahudu:
(1) igaigaigaiga oTTu vastu, viSaya illavE pariceyannu hesarisuva padagaLige I oTTannu sErisi, avakke sambandisiruva vyaktiyannu hesarisuvantaha bErondu padavannu unTumADalAguttade; I oTTu sEridAga, 2.2.1ralli vivarisidantaha padagaLa koneya tereyuli bidduhOguva mArpADu naDeyuttade:
tuppuLu paNNu sAla tiLivu okkalu haDapa bAnu tottu dAri dALi ambi dombi
tuppuLiga paNNiga sAliga tiLiviga okkaliga haDapiga bAniga tottiga dAriga dALiga ambiga dombiga
tOTa dibbaNa siggu aLavu modalu gANa hittALe kEDu hAdi suddi takkaDi husi
tOTiga dibbaNiga siggiga aLaviga modaliga gANiga hittALiga kEDiga hAdiga suddiga takkaDiga husiga
Adare, keLage koTTiruvantaha ekAradalli konegoLLuva hesara padagaLa baLika bandAga, avugaLa koneya ekAra bidduhOguva badalu, I oTTina ikAra bidduhOguttade:
hUje hUjega
morega
more serega sere
tOrke tOrkega male kole keLage koTTiruvantaha ukAradalli konegoLLuva hesarupadagaLa baLikavU avugaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguva badalu, I oTTina ikAravE bidduhOguttade:
malega kolega
tOhu tOhuga
soDaru soDaruga
bEruga
bEru
mAtu mAtuga nerapuga
nerapu kALuga kALu
I oTTannu baLasiruva padakke ‘ganDasu’ayemba huruLU baraballu dAgiddu, ‘hengasu’ayemba huruLu sigabEkiddalli adakke itti oTTannu sErisabEkAguttade; illiyU 2.2.1ra mArpADu naDedu, padagaLa koneya akAra bidduhOguttade:
gaTTigitti
gaTTiga nADiga nADigitti
gANiga gANigitti
dibbaNiga dibbaNigitti malega malegitti
okkaliga okkaligitti onTiga onTigitti sAliga sAligitti siggiga siggigitti cenniga cennigitti
(2) gAra gAra oTTu gAra gAra vastu, viSaya illavE pariceyannu hesarisuva hesarupadagaLige gAra oTTannu sErisiyU avugaLige sambandisiruva vyaktiyannu hesarisa bahudu.
tOTa tOTagAra kOlu kOlugAra hU hUgAra
billu billugAra
ATagAra
Dl OTagAra
Nl mATagAra mATa kolegAra kole hagegAra
hage binka binkagAra
tevalu tevalugAra dundu dundugAra
baLegAra
balegAra
baLe meTTu meTTugAra bale mInu mInugAra hADu hADugAra sAlagAra sAla bETe bETegAra mAtu mAtugAra hemme hemmegAra mOsa mOsagAra suLLugAra suLLu mODi mODigAra
huruLina maTTige I oTTu mEle koTTiruva iga oTTina hAgeyE ideyAdarU, idannu esakapadagaLondige baLasalu baruvudilla embudannu illi gamanisabahudu. kelavu padagaLalli idakke kAra emba rUpavU ide:
kUli kOvi turu
kUlikAra
kOvikAra
turukAra
kENa guri pALi
kENakAra gurikAra pALikAra
hore arti
horekAra
artikAra
Ole bETa
OlekAra bETakAra
I oTTina koneya akAravannu kaLedu, adakke ti oTTannu sErisiruva gArti illavE kArti embudara mUlaka ‘antaha vyakti obba hengasu’ embudannu sUcisabahudu.
baLegAra baLegArti binkagAra binkagArti mAtugAra mAtugArti OTagAra gurikAra mATagAra mATakArti
OTagArti gurikArti
hADugArti barahagArti hoNegArti
hADugAra
barahagAra
hoNegAra
konabugAra konabugArti OlekAra kUlikAra
OlekArti kUlikArti
(3) tanatanatanatana oTTu vyakti illavE vastuvannu hesarisuva hesarupadagaLige I tana oTTannu sErisi avugaLa pariceyannu hesarisabahudu.
manetana nanTatana
mane nanTa onTiga onTigatana kaLLa kUsu tande
kaLLatana kUsutana tandetana
hage daDDa geLe(ya) kudika kaDDa duDuku
hagetana daDDatana geLetana kudikatana kaDDatana duDukutana
koneya barigekanteyalli yakAra illavE LakAra iruvalli 2.2. 11ralli vivarisiruvantaha padagaLa koneya tereyuli bidduhOgu ttade; idannu keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli kANabahudu:
tAyi bELu
tAytana bELtana
bALu mundALu
mElALu
bALtana mundALtana
mElALtana
tannatana emba innondu rUpavU baLakeyalliddu, idaralli mElina oTTannu tAnu padada pattuge rUpakke (tanna embudakke) sErisalAgide.
(4) ikeikeikeike oTTu gAra oTTinalli konegoLLuva halavu hesarupadagaLige ike oTTannu sErisi, avu hesarisuva vyaktiya pariceyannu hesarisalAgide; 2.2.1ra padagaLa koneya tereyuli bidduhOguva mArpADu illiyU naDe yuttade:
edegAra dundugAra bEhugAra suddigAra gurikAra
edegArike dundugArike bEhugArike suddigArike gurikArike
tOTagAra barahagAra mAtugAra hoNegAra bETegAra
tOTagArike barahagArike mAtugArike hoNegArike bETegArike
ATa padadalli konegoLLuva kelavu jODupadagaLondigU avu tiLisuva esakada pariceyannu hesarisuvudakkAgi I oTTannu baLasa lAgide:
huccATa mangATa ErATa
huccATike mangATike ErATike
huDugATa bUTATa
aTTATab
huDugATike bUTATike aTTATike
idallade, keLage koTTiruva bEre kelavu hesarupadagaLondigU I
oTTannu baLasalAgide:
eccara eccarike
hekkaLa hekkaLike
ubbaLa ubbaLike
ganTu
ganTike
hadike turike
hadi turi kattalu kattalike saluvaLi saluvaLike
(5) ige ige ige ige oTTu hesarupadagaLu tiLisuva vastuvininda paDeyaballa bErondu vastu vannu, illavE adarondige baLasuva upakaraNavondannu hesarisuvu dakkAgi I oTTannu baLasalAgide. kelaveDegaLalli idara baLake heccina huruLannu koDadiruvudU ide. bardu, kUTa mattu saypu padagaLa baLika idara ikAra bidduhOguttade, mattu uLideDegaLalli 2.2.1ra (padada koneya tereyuli bidduhOguva) mArpADu naDeyuttade.
kesarige
ATige marige
kesaru Dl mara koppara kopparige
mUDe mUDige
bardu saypu saypuge
barduge
(muL)kattige
katti baLavi baLavige allaNi allaNige gunDi haTTi
(ede)gunDige haTTige
kUTa
kUTage
(6) aaaa oTTu ukAradalli konegoLLuva keLagina mUru padagaLalli I oTTannu baLasa lAgide; 2.2.1ra mArpADu illU naDedide.
seragu nanTu
seraga nanTa
kangAlu kangAla
ekAra illavE ikAradalli konegoLLuva keLagina ELu padagaLallU I oTTu bandiddu, illi 2.2.1ra mArpADu naDeyuva badalu, padagaLige yakAravondu sErikonDide (illi a oTTina badalu ya oTTu bandideyendU hELabahudu):
Cr aDiya
occe occeya
keLeya
keLe hageya
hage
ere oDe konDe konDeya
ereya oDeya
idallade, keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli a oTTannu obba ganDasannu hesarisuvudakkAgi, mattu adara badalu e oTTannu obba hengasannu hesarisuvudakkAgi baLasalAgide; jANme padadalli mAtra, adara kone yalliruva me oTTina baLika baruva badalu, adara badalige (endare jAN bErina baLika) I oTTu bandide embudannu gamanisabahudu:
hesarupada
kAdalu
celuvu
jANme
ganDasu
kAdala celuva
jANa
hengasu kAdale celuve
jANe
(7) vaLivaLivaLivaLi oTTu hesarupadagaLige vaLi oTTannu sErisi, avu hesarisuva vastu illavE viSayakke sambandisidantaha bErondu vastu illavE viSayavannu hesarisuvudakkAgi kelavu hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalAgide:
karAvaLi
kare arilu arilvaLi
maravaLi
mara nagevaLi nage
gottu gottuvaLi baLi sAgu
baLuvaLi sAguvaLi
illi arilu padada koneya ukAra bidduhOgide, kare padada koneya ekAra A endAgide, mattu baLi padada koneya ikAra ukAravAgide embudannu gamanisabahudu.
(8) ALiALiALiALi oTTu kelavu hesarupadagaLondige baLakeyAguva I oTTu avu tiLisuva viSayakke sambandisida vyaktiyobbanannu sUcisuttade; 2.2.1ra tere yuli bidduhOguva mArpADu illU naDeyuttade.
kAlALi
kAlu siggALi
siggu jUdu jUdALi
kEDALi
kEDu sOgu sOgALi mAtu mAtALi
(9) vu/pu/hu vu/pu/hu oTTu vu/pu/hu vu/pu/hu mEle 2.4.1(10)ralli vivarisida hAge, I oTTige vu, pu mattu hu emba mUru rUpagaLiddu, avu kannaDa caritreya mUru hantagaLinda uLidubandavugaLAgive.
I oTTannu mukyavAgi esakapadagaLinda hesaru padagaLannu paDe yalu baLasalAguttadeyAdarU kelavu hesarupadagaLinda bEre hesaru padagaLannu paDeyuvudakkAgiyU idannu baLasalAgide; Adare, intaha baLakeyinda avugaLa huruLinalli heccina mArpADEnU Agiruvante tOruvudilla.
keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli idu vu rUpadallide. I oTTu sEri
dAga age padada koneya tereyuli uddavAguttade.
anu anuvu
aLa gaDu hara sI haLu noLa tera
aLavu gaDuvu
haravu sIvu haLuvu
noLavu
teravu
aravu hUvu pasavu baravu
ara hU pasa bara badu baduvu agEvu age naravu nara
keLage koTTiruva padagaLalli I oTTu pu mattu hu rUpagaLallide; I padagaLalli cadi mattu kuri padagaLa koneya ikAra ukAravAgide, guNi padada ikAra bidduhOgide, nela padada koneya akAra ukAravAgide, mattu tale padada ekAra akAravAgide embudannu gamanisabahudu. idallade, guNi padadalli 2.2.7ra mArpADu (N>m) naDediruvudannU kANabahudu:
pu rUpadalli baLake: cadupu
cadi
hu rUpadalli baLake: kuruhu
kuri talahu
tale neluhu nela
guNi
gumpu
kada bara
kadahu barahu
(10) eeee oTTu hesarupadagaLige e oTTannu sErisiyU kelavu hesarupadagaLannu paDeyalAgide. kelaveDegaLalli idarinda hosa huruLannu paDeya lAgide; Adare, bEre kelavu kaDegaLalli I oTTannu sErisidudarindAgi padakke heccina huruLu bandiruva hAge tOruvudilla.
I oTTu sEridAga, bIDu padada DakAra TakAravAguttade; sade padada dakAra immaDi takAravAguttade; mattu, huri padada ukAra okAravAguttade. idallade, illiyU 2.2.1ra (padagaLa koneya tereyuli bidduhOguva) mArpADu naDeyuttade:
guDDe kokke
guDDa kokku lOLi lOLe
bIDu bITe gonDu gonDe
nela sade
nele satte
taDe pase
kombu kombe taDa pasa besalu besale ToLLu ToLLe huri obbu(Li) obbe
hore ‘edegArike’
(11) me/ve me/ve oTTu me/ve me/ve I oTTu me mattu ve emba eraDu rUpagaLallide (2.4.1(10) nODi); hesarupadagaLige idannu sErisi paDediruva kelavu hesarupada gaLannu keLage koDalAgide.
(1) me rUpadalli baLake: Cr kALi oDe kara
aDime
kALime
oDame
karame
(2) ve rUpadalli baLake: hasive hasi kaNive kaNi
kAdalu kAdalme arume aru takkume takku jANme jANa
hallu oDe
halive oDave
I oTTu sEridAga, kAdalu (2.2.11) mattu jANa padagaLa koneya tereyuli bidduhOguttade, mattu hallu padada immaDi lakAra otte lakAravAgi, adara koneya ukAra ikAravAguttade embudannu mEle koTTiruva padagaLalli kANabahudu..
bEre kelavu oTTugaLu onderaDu padagaLalli mAtravE kANisikoLLuva bEre kelavu intaha oTTugaLU kannaDadalliddu, avannu keLage paTTimADalAgide:
-
E
-
G
usuru usuri
konku konki gaDi
gaDu
kEDu nAru gaLe
kEDi nAri ‘hagga’ay gaLu
- kuLi
- Te
- Ct
- ru
- su
- Li
- Lu
hore horakuLi
togalu togaTe
biddu biddaNa piccu pisuru
nanni kottu kottuLi
kobaLu
koppa javugu javuLu
nanasu
hEkuLi hEga giragaTe giraki bokkaNa bokke peLaku peLaru ganDu eggu gamana
ganDusu
egguLi gavuLu
I oTTugaLu sEridAga, hEga, togalu, giraki, peLaku, gamana mattu javuLu padagaLa koneya barigekante bidduhOgide; hore padada kone ekAra akAravAgide; piccu padada immaDi cakAra otte sakAravAgide; nanni padada immaDi nakAra otte nakAravAgi, adara koneya ikAra akAravAgide; mattu gamana padada makAra vakAravAgi, adara baLika banda akAra ukAravAgide.
idallade, 2.2.1ralli vivarisida sErikeya mArpADu (padada koneya tereyuli bidduhOguvudu) illiyU naDedide embudannu gamanisabahudu.
‘hengasu’ emba huruLina oTTugaLu hesarupadagaLige (mattu paricepadagaLige) kelavu oTTugaLannu sErisi ‘hengasu’ emba huruLina hesarupadagaLannu paDeyalu baruttade.
I oTTugaLalli kelavannu mEleyE koDalAgide, mattu bEre kelavannu munde koDalAguttade; Adare, avannella illi ondE kaDe yalli oTTu sErisi koDalAgide:
(21) ittiittiittiitti oTTu iga(ga) oTTinalli konegoLLuva padagaLige ‘ganDasu’ emba huruLU baraballudAgiddu, avakke itti oTTannu sErisi ‘hengasu’ emba huruLannu koDuva padagaLannu paDeyabahudu:
gANiga gANigitti
ambiga ambigitti
dibbaNiga dibbaNigitti cenniga cennigitti
okkaliga okkaligitti
serega
seregitti
nanTa-nanTiti embudaralli I oTTige iti rUpa ide.
(22) titititi oTTu gAra(kAra) oTTinalli konegoLLuva padagaLigU ‘ganDasu’ emba huruLu baraballudAgiddu, avakke ti oTTannu sErisi ‘hengasu’ emba huruLannu koDuva padagaLannu paDeyabahudu; I oTTu sEridAga gAra(kAra) oTTina koneya akAra bidduhOguttade:
ATagAra ATagArti balegAra balegArti kUlikArti kUlikAra
mAtugAra mAtugArti sAlagAra bETakAra
sAlagArti bETakArti
(23) iiii oTTu ukAradalli konegoLLuva kelavu paricepadagaLige a oTTannu sErisi ‘ganDasu’ emba huruLannu koDuva hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalu baruttade; idakke badalu, i oTTannu sErisi ‘hengasu’ emba huruLannu koDuva padagaLannu paDeyabahudu:
kivuDa tunTa hucca
kivuDi tunTi hucci
kuruDa kuruDi baDava baDavi huDuga huDugi
bEreyU kelavu ‘ganDasu’ emba huruLannu koDuva hesarupada gaLu akAradalli konegoLLuttiddu, avakke i oTTannu sErisi ‘hengasu’ huruLannu koDuva padagaLannu paDeyabahudu (illi 2.2.1ra sErikeya olavinante padagaLa koneya akAra bidduhOguttade):
ajja muduka muduki
ajji
daDDa pOra pOri
daDDi
(24) eeee oTTu akAradalli konegoLLuva, mattu ‘ganDasu’ emba huruLannu koDuva innu kelavu hesarupadagaLige e oTTannu sErisi ‘hengasu’ emba huruLannu koDuva hesarupadavannu paDeyabahudu:
kAdala jANa
kAdale
jANe
celuva celuve nalla
nalle
2.4.3 paricepadagaLinda hesarupadagaLu
paricepadagaLige mattu bErugaLige kelavu oTTugaLannu sErisiyU hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalu baruttade. idallade, kelavu parice padagaLannu hAgeyE yAva oTTannU sErisadeyU hesarupadagaLAgi baLasalu baruttade. intaha padagaLannu sonne oTTina sErikeyinda hesarupadagaLAgi badalAyisalAgide endU hELaballevu. paricepada gaLondige baruva kelavu oTTugaLannu keLage vivarisalAgide.
(1-2) aaaa mattu iiii oTTugaLu janaralli kanDubaruva paricegaLannu tiLisuva kuruDu, kivuDu, kuLLu, huccu modalAda ukAradalli konegoLLuva kelavu parice padagaLive. ivakke a ‘ganDasu’, illavE i ‘hengasu’ emba eraDu oTTugaLalli sErisi hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalAguttade. I ondannu oTTugaLu sEridAga, paricepadada koneya ukAra bidduhOguva 2.2.1ralli vivarisida mArpADu naDeyuttade.
paricepada
aNugu
eDDu eDacu
kivuDu
kunTu kuruDu
kencu keDuku
giDDu gujju tunTu
celuvu
coTTu
tuDugu
hesarupadagaLu
ganDasu
aNuga eDDa eDaca kivuDa kunTa kuruDa kenca keDuka giDDa gujja tunTa celuva
coTTa tuDuga
hengasu aNugi eDDi eDaci kivuDi kunTi kuruDi kenci keDuki giDDi gujji tunTi celuvi coTTi tuDugi
peddu baDavu baDDu beDagu
bODu
bOLu
maruLu
minDu
huDugu
huccu
heDDu heLavu
pedda baDava baDDa beDaga bODa
bOLa
maruLa
minDa huDuga
hucca heDDa heLava
peddi baDavi baDDi beDagi bODi bOLi maruLi minDi huDugi hucci heDDi heLavi
intahadE ganDasu-hengasu vyatyAsavannu tOrisuva daDDa-daDDi, muduka-muduki, pOra-pOri, mattu mULa-mULi emba bEre kelavu hesarupadagaLiddarU avakke samanAda paricepadagaLu baLakeyallilla; idallade, eDacu, agaDu, ganDu, gAmpu, genTu, beppu, baDDu, muruku, hALu, pOTu, pOku, pukku, pukkalu, manku mattu poTTu emba paricepadagaLinda ganDasannu hesarisuva eDaca, agaDa, ganDa, gAmpa, genTa, beppa, baDDa, muruka, (mane)hALa, pOTa, pOka, pukka, pukkala, manka mattu poTTa emba hesarupadagaLannu mAtra unTumADalAgideyallade, hengasannu hesarisuva padagaLu baLakege bandilla.
nalla-nalle (nal) padadalli hengasarannu hesarisuva padavannu paDeyalu e oTTannu baLasalAgide; idE oTTannu celuve, baDave, kaLLe, kuLLe, heDDe padagaLallU i oTTige badalAgi baLasalAgide; mattu, nanTu padadinda ganDasannu hesarisuva nanTa padavannu mattu hengasannu hesarisuva nanTiti padavannu paDeyalAgide.
(3) tanatanatanatana oTTu kelavu paricepadagaLige tana oTTannu sErisi, avu tiLisuva pariceyannu hesarisuvantaha hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalAgide; illi bELu koneya ukAra bidduhOgiruvudannu gamanisabahudu padada (2.2.11 nODi):
oLLetana
oLLe eLetana
eLe panjetana
panje hiritana
hiri muditana
mudi bigi bigitana
onTi onTitana
bELu bELtana
baDatana halatana
doDDa doDDatana hosa hosatana baDa hala manku mankutana monDu monDutana curuku curukutana biDi
biDitana
(4) pu/hu pu/hu oTTu pu/hu pu/hu kelavu paricepadagaLige mattu paricebErugaLige I oTTannu sErisiyU hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalAgide; idakke pu mattu hu emba eraDu rUpagaLive; Adare, vu rUpadalli idu illi baLakeyAgiruva hAge kANisuvudilla.
I padagaLU paricegaLannu hesarisuvudakkAgi baLakeyAguttave; mElina oTTu sEridAga, ivugaLalli biLi mattu bisi padagaLa koneya ikAra ukAravAguttade; mudi padada koneya ikAra bidduhOgi, dakAra pakAravAguttade; nuN padada baLika ukAra sErikoLLuttade; sommu padada koneya mu mattu jOmu padada koneya u bidduhOguttave (2.2.11); mattu nEra padada koneya akAra bidduhOguttade embudannu keLagina padagaLalli kANabahudu.
idallade, 2.2.6ralli vivarisiruva rakArada mArpADugaLu mattu 2.2.7ralli vivarisiruva mUguligaLa mArpADugaLu illU naDeyu ttave.
pu rUpada baLake: biLi bisi mudi kAr biN nuN ken sommu sompu
nIL nILpu
biLupu
bisupu
muppu
kappu biNpu nuNupu
kempu
kaDupu teLupu
kaDu teLu jOmu jompu nEra taN kam say niDu
nErpu tampu kampu saypu niDupu
hu rUpada baLake: kaDu
kaDuhu
bigi
bigihu
mEle koTTiruva padagaLalli kappu, kempu, mattu tampu padagaLu parice padagaLAgiyU baLakeyallive. hAgAgi, ivugaLalli keLage (5)ralli koTTiruva sonne oTTu baLakeyAgideyendU hELabahudu.
(5) memememe oTTu I oTTannU kUDa, hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuvudakkAgi paricepada illavE paricebErugaLondige baLasalAgide. ivugaLalli paLame pada haLe padada haLegannaDa rUpavAda paZa(>paLa) padadinda bandide. pEr-perme embudaralli 2.2.4ra mArpADu naDedide.
kaDu takka haLe hiri
kaDume
takkame
paLame
hirime
kILme perme balme
kIL pEr bal mEl mElme nal
nalme
(6) sonne oTTu kannaDada halavu paricepadagaLannu, avugaLalli yAva badalAvaNeyannU mADade hAgeyE avu tiLisuva pariceyannu hesarisuvudakkAgi baLasalu baruttade. ettugegAgi, kuruDu padavannu kuruDu muduka emballi ondu paricepadavAgi baLasalAgide, mattu avana kuruDige maddilla emballi adannE ondu hesarupadavAgiyU baLasalAgide.
janara pariceyannu tiLisuvantaha aNugu, eDDu, kivuDu, kuruDu, kunTu, keDuku, tunTu, celuvu, tuDugu, baDavu, beDagu, maruLu, huccu modalAda kelavu paricepadagaLu intaha eraDu bageya baLakegaLannu heccu suLuvAgi tOrisuttave.
Ayavannu tiLisuva hesaruparicegaLannu doDDa-cikka, udda-giDDa, ettara-taggu, agala-sapura, dappa-teLu embantaha padajODigaLalli aNigoLisalu baruttade, mattu ivugaLalli ondannu, adaralli yAva badalAvaNeyannU mADade (endare, sonne oTTannu sErisi),
hesarupadavAgi baLasalu baruttade. idallade, hAge baLakeyAguva paricepadada mUlaka A jODiyalliruva eraDu padagaLa huruLannU hesarisalu baruttade.
ettugegAgi, agala padavannu baLasi, I kONeya agala eSTu ennalu baruttade; Adare, antahadE sollinalli sapura padavannu baLasalu baruvudilla. kONe agalavAgirali, sapuravAgirali, adara aLateyeSTendu hesarupadavAgi baLasabEkAguttade.
kELuvalli agala
padavannE
bEre kelavu oTTugaLu onderaDu hesarupadagaLalli mAtravE kANisikoLLuva bEre kelavu oTTugaLU paricepadagaLinda hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuvalli baLakeyAgive. intaha oTTugaLa paTTiyannu keLage koDalAgide.
I oTTugaLu sEridAga, 2.2.1ralli vivarisida tereyuli bidduhOguva mArpADu naDeyuttade; idallade, cappe, haLe, mattu eLe padagaLa koneya ekAra akAravAguttade, mattu niri padada koneya ikAra akAravAguttade.
taN
- r
- tu hosa hosatu
tanDi
eLe
- te niri biN
- nu hada
eLatu nirate biNite hadanu
cappe haLe
cappaDi haLatu
biDi
biDite
hasa
hasanu
- ba hosa hosaba
haLe
haLaba
2.4.4 oTTugaLa hOlike
mEle vivarisiruva oTTugaLalli mUru bageya hesarupadagaLallU baLakeyAguttave, innu kelavu yAvudAdarU eraDaralli mAtra baruttave, mattu uLiduvu ondu bageya hesarupadagaLalli mAtra baruttave; ivugaLalli mUru illavE eraDu gumpugaLalli baruva oTTugaLa paTTiyannu keLage koDalAgide:
kelavu
oTTu tana
esakapadagaLa baLika baru-bartana hEsu-hEsutana
pu/hu uDu-uDupu hoLe-hoLapu kAyu-kAhu tere-terahu tALu-tALme duDi-duDime baru-bara tirugu-tiruka
me
C
oTTu ga/iga
ge/ige
ike
vaLi
ALi
kuLi
su
esakapadagaLa baLika kELu-kELuga koLLu-koLLuga arasu-arasiga kobbu-kobbiga nAcu-nAcuge nambu-nambuge teru-terige hEsu-hEsige anju-anjike nambu-nambike ettu-ettuvaLi naDe-naDavaLi kAdu-kAdALi tinnu-tinnALi aLu-aLukuLi tiri-tirikuLi kini-kinisu taNi-taNasu
paricepadagaLa baLika baDa-baDatana mudi-muditana biLi-biLupu mudi-muppu bigi-biguhu kaDu-kaDuhu kILu-kILme hiri-hirime kivuDu-kivuDa eDDu-eDDa
hesarupadagaLa baLika mane-manetana hage-hagetana cadi-cadupu guNi-gumpu nela-neluhu kada-kadahu aDi-aDime takku-takkume nanTu-nanTa hage-hageya
hesarupadagaLa baLika kole-kolega sere-serega sAla-sAliga gANa-gANiga katti-kattige bardu-barduge mara-marige ATa-ATige eccara-eccarike ubbaLa-ubbaLike kare-karAvaLi gottu-gottuvaLi mAtu-mAtALi jUdu-jUdALi hore-horakuLi
nanni-nanasu ganDu-ganDusu
oTTu r
esakapadagaLa baLika tinnu-tinDi tAgu-tAguDi
paricepadagaLa baLika taN-tanDi cappe-cappaDi
naDe-naDate te aLe-aLate
biDi-biDite biN-biNite
2.4.5 eNikebErugaLinda hesarupadagaLu
eNikebErugaLige oTTugaLannu kelavu hesarupadagaLannu unTumADalAgide. ivugaLalli va oTTu mukyavAdudu; idannu eNikebErugaLige hesarupadagaLannu paDeyalAgide:
koTTiruva
sErisi
sErisi
keLage
va oTTu:
obba (Or+va) mUvaru (mUr+va+ru)
ayvaru (ay+va+ru)
ibbaru (Ir+va+ru) nAlvaru (nAl+va+ru)
idallade, Or eNikebErannu baLasi innU kelavu hesarupadagaLannu paDeyalAgide; ivugaLalli baLakeyAgiruva oTTugaLalli kelavu bEre kaDegaLallU mAtra baLakeyAgive:
kANisikoLLuttave; Adare,
kelavu illi
Orage (Or+age) Oragitti (Or+age+itti) OraNa (Or+aNa)
mElina oTTugaLu sEridAga, 2.2.4 (Or>or, Ir>ir), mattu 2.2.6 (r>b) mArpADugaLu naDeyuttave. idallade, bakAravAgiruva rakArada baLika vakAravU bakAravAguttade, mattu mUvaru padadalli vakArada modalu banda mUr padada rakAra bidduhOguttade.
2.5 jODupadagaLu
hesarupada, esakapada illavE paricepadagaLige hesarupadagaLannu sErisi hosa hesarupadagaLannu unTumADuva holabu kannaDadalli baLakeya lliruva halavAru padagaLa iTTaLadalli kANisikoLLuttade. intaha pada gaLannella illi jODupadagaLendu kareyalAgide.
kannaDada heccina jODupadagaLannU eraDu padagaLa jODaNeyinda unTumADalAgide; eraDakkinta heccu padagaLannu jODisiruva jODupadagaLu kelavE kelavu mAtra kannaDadalli baLakeyalliddu, avannella eraDu illavE heccu hantagaLalli jODisalAgiruttade. ettugegAgi, bisinIrUTe padadalli bisi, nIru mattu UTe emba mUru padagaLu bandive; adare, idannu eraDu hantagaLalli paDeya ballevu; modalige bisi mattu nIru embavugaLannu sErisi bisinIru emba padavannu, mattu AmEle adakke UTe padavannu sErisi bisi nIrUTe emba padavannu paDeyabahudu.
kelavu jODupadagaLalli eraDu padagaLu mAtravallade, ondu oTTU baLakeyAgiruvudannu kANabahudu. ettugegAgi, hAvADiga padadalli hAvu mattu ADu emba eraDu padagaLu, mattu iga emba ondu oTTu bandive; Adare, idannu hAvu padakke ADiga pada vannu sErisiyU paDeyalu baruttade.
kannaDada jODupadagaLalli sAmAnyavAgi eraDaneya pada ondu hesarupadavAgiruttade; Adare, avugaLa modalaneya pada ondu hesarupadavAgirabahudu, esakapadavAgirabahudu, illavE paricepada vAgirabahudu. hAgAgi, modalanE pada entahadu embudara mEle, kannaDada jODupadagaLannu hesarujODu, esakajODu mattu paricejODu emba mUru mukya gumpugaLalli hancalu baruttade. I mUru bageya jODupadagaLige kelavu ettugegaLannu keLage koDa lAgide:
hesarujODugaLu:
AnekAlu
kAlmaNe
esakajODugaLu: UrugOlu
tUgudIpa
paricejODugaLu: doDDamma bisinIru
bayalATa nelagaDale
benkipeTTige kalluppu
kaymagga kaNNIru
kaDegOlu araLumoggu
siDimaddu cuccumaddu
biccukatti nilugaDe
beLLuLLi
kiruberaLu
mungAru oLakONe
himmELa cikkAsu
2.5.1 hesarujODugaLu
kannaDadalli halavu hesarujODugaLu baLakeyallive. ivugaLalli heccina vakkU a emba pattuge oTTannu baLasiruva oLanuDitavannu koDa ballevu:
oLanuDita
jODupada bayalina ATa bayalATa nelagaDale kaymagga
nelada kaDale kayya magga
jODupada oLanuDita benkiya peTTige benkipeTTige kAlina maNe nUlina ENi
kAlmaNe nUlENi
Adare, ellA hesarujODugaLigU intaha a pattugeyiruva oLanuDitavannu koDalu baruvudilla. ettugegAgi, kenDagaNNu emba hesarujODige kenDada kaNNu emba oLanuDitavannu koTTalli, adu A padada iTTaLavannu illavE huruLannu sariyAgi tiLisalAradu. idakke badalu, kenDada hAge kempAgiruva kaNNu embudAgi adakke ondu hOlikeyannu tiLisuva oLanuDitavannu koDabEkAguttade.
kannaDadalli intaha mUru bageya hOlikeya hesarujODugaLu baLakeyallive: kallede (kallinantaha ede), kallusakkare, tAyibEru, Anegallu, koLavebAvi, kaygamba modalAdavugaLa hAge jODu padada modalaneya pada mAtra hOlikeyannu tiLisuvavugaLadu modalaneya bage; neladAvare (neladalli beLeva tAvareyantaha hUvu), jEnutuppa, kalluhAsu, nIrgallu, nelasAra, maLebillu modalAdavugaLa hAge eraDaneya pada mAtra hOlikeyannu tiLisu vavugaLadu eraDaneya bage; mattu ilikivi (iliya kiviyantaha elegaLiruva hambu), AnekAlu, kaygombe modalAdavugaLa hAge eraDU padagaLu hOlikeyannu tiLisuvavugaLadu mUraneya bage.
idallade, a oTTininda jODisiruva hesarujODugaLellavU
ondE bageyavAgilla; avugaLa naDuveyU halavu vyatyAsagaLannu kANabahudu. Adare ivannu kANabEkiddalli, hesarujODugaLige heccu vivaravAda, esakapadagaLannu baLasiruva, oLanuDitagaLannu koDabEkAgu ttade.
ettugegAgi, kaNNIru emba padakke kaNNina nIru emba tIrA cuTukAda oLanuDitavannu koDabahudu; illavE kaNNinalli baruva
nIru embudAgi heccu vivaragaLannu koDuva, esakapadaviruva oLanuDitavannU koDabahudu. jEnuhuLa embudakke jEnina huLa emba cuTukAda oLanuDitavannu koDabahudu, illavE jEnannu kale hAkuva huLa emba esakapadaviruva oLanuDitavannU koDabahudu. Adare, a oTTininda jODisiruva ellA jODupadagaLigU intaha esakapadaviruva oLanuDitagaLannu koDalu baruvudilla. ettuge gAgi, erehuLa, akkikALu, AvemaNNu, nelasarita, kaDalakare modalAda jODupadagaLannu gamanisabahudu: avugaLalli baruva eraDu hesarupadagaLa naDuve nEravAda pattugeyide; avugaLa modala neya pada nEravAgi eraDaneya padada pariceyondannu tiLisuttade; hAgAgi, avakke esakapadaviruva oLanuDitavannu koDalu baruvudilla. intaha bEre kelavu hesarujODugaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
ALeNike
olekaTTe
togaluhALe nADatiTTa
gErubIja bidirumeLe hakkemane
edesOlu osagenuDi diDDibAgilu gUrubbasa jEDimaNNu mAsucIla banDegallu
eyyimuLLu tEpekelasa dOTikOlu jiDDeNNe tavarumane sOreburuDe bAnancu
oLanuDitagaLalli esakapada bandiruva hesarujODugaLannu eraDu bageyAgi gumpisalu baruttade: avugaLa oLanuDitadalli modalaneya padakkU esakapadakkU naDuve entaha pattuge ide embudannu baLasi gumpisuvudu ondu bage; mattu adaralli yAva esakapada bandide embudannu baLasi gumpisuvudu innondu bage. I eraDu bageya hesarujODugaLannu keLage heccu vivaravAgi pariSIlisalAgide:
(1) pattugeyannu baLasi gumpisuvudu modalaneya padakkU esaka padakkU naDuve iruga, Aguga, mADuga, IDu, suru, guri mattu jAga embudAgi ELu bageya pattuge gaLiraballuvu. hAgAgi, oLanuDitadalli esakapada baruva hesarujODu gaLannu ELu gumpugaLalli gumpisi hELabahudu:
(ka) iruga pattuge kannaDadalli iruvikeyannu mUru bageya sollugaLa mUlaka tiLisa lAguttade:
(1) ondu jAgadalli vyakti, vastu modalAdavugaLa iravannu adu
tiLisabahudu (I gUDinalli soDaride);
(2) vyakti, vastu modalAdavugaLalli ondu pariceya iravannu adu
tiLisabahudu (ninna arivu tappAgide); illavE
(3) vyakti, vastu modalA davugaLa naDuve ondu pattugeya ira
vannU adu tiLisabahudu (I cukkige bAla ide).
I mUru bageya sollugaLannU jODupadagaLa oLanuDitavAgi koDuvAga, avugaLalli baruva hesarupadagaLa OraNa badalAguttade, mattu idE OraNa avugaLinda paDeyuva jODupadagaLallU kANisu ttade:
sollu
I gUDinalli soDaride. ninna arivu tappAgide. I cukkige bAla ide.
oLanuDita
soDariruva gUDu
tappAgiruva arivu
bAla iruva cukki
jODupada soDarugUDu tapparivu bAlacukki
modalaneya nITasAlinalli bandiruva sollugaLalli gUDu, arivu mattu cukki padagaLu modalu bandive, mattu soDaru, tappu mattu bAla padagaLu AmEle bandive; eraDaneya nITa sAlinalli bandiruva oLanuDitagaLalli, mattu mUraneya nITasAlinalli bandiruva jODupadagaLalli soDaru, tappu, mattu bAla padagaLu modalu bandive, mattu gUDu, arivu, mattu cukki padagaLu AmEle bandive embudannu gamanisabahudu.
sAmAnyavAgi pariceya iravannu tiLisuva sollugaLalli parice padagaLE baLakeyAguttiruttave. Adare, intaha sollugaLinda paDeya bahudAda kelavu jODupadagaLalli hesarupadagaLU baLakeyAguttiddu, avannu hesarupadagaLennabEkO, illavE paricepadagaLennabEkO embu dannu tIrmAnisuvudu kaSTa. ettugegAgi, suLLuhaNa, kaLLahonnu,
AnesoLLe, kADukOLi, hongadiru modalAda jODupadagaLalli suLLu, kaLLa, Ane, kADu mattu honnu emba hesarupadagaLu pariceyannu tiLisuvudakkAgi baLakeyAgive. avu hesarisuva vyakti, vastu modalAdavugaLa mukya pariceyondannu avu illi tiLisuttave. hAgiddarU, avannilli hesarupadagaLendE bageyalAgide.
I mUru bageya iruga pattugeyiruva bEre kelavu jODu
padagaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
jAga kanDihallu sereyALu hUpuDi
maLegAla
manDicippu
uDiganTe
edegudi
kaDalEDi
parice nIrubella kaLLoppa
tapparivu
suLLuhaNa hommInu Anegole jiDDeNNe
tEpekelasa
pattuge kUdalunAyi muLLugiDa sUlAkaLu muLLuhandi kIlimaNe kOTemane bAlacukki gAyALu
(ca) Aguga pattuge kelavu jODupadagaLalli modalaneya hesarupada esakapadada Aguga vAgiruttade. ettugegAgi, maLekADu emba jODupadakke tumbA maLe bILuva kADu emba oLanuDitavannu koDabahudu; idaralli maLe emba modalaneya hesarupada bILu esakada AgugavAgide, mattu kADu emba eraDaneya hesarupada jAgavAgide. intaha kelavu jODupadagaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
AlimaLe
piccugaNNu
nIruguLLe maddore
maLegAla maLekADu
mElina jODupadagaLalli eraDaneya padavAgi jAgavannu tiLisuva pada bandide; Adare, kaDalacAcu mattu nIrosaru emba bEre eraDu jODupadagaLalli eraDaneya hesarupada esakavannE hesarisu ttide; hIgiddarU I jODupadagaLu jAgavannE hesarisuttive embu dannu gamanisabahudu.
(Ta) mADuga pattuge kelavE kelavu jODupadagaLalli mAtra, modalaneya pada esakapadada mADugavAgi bandiruvudannu kANabahudu. ettugegAgi, arasunADu padakke arasu ALuva nADu emba oLanuDitavannu koDabahudu; idaralli arasu emba modalaneya pada ALu esakapadada mADuga vAgide. mattu nADu emba eraDaneya pada adara IDAgide. ALugunDi, kuduregADi, ettinagADi mattu tottuDupu embavu gaLu intahadE oLanuDitaviruva bEre kelavu jODupadagaLu.
(ta) IDu pattuge innu kelavu jODupadagaLalli modalaneya pada IDAgiruttade.
ettugegAgi, hUgiDa emba hesarujODige hUvannu biDuva giDa emba oLanuDitavannu koDabahudu; idaralli modalaneya pada (hU) oLanuDitadalli baruva biDu esakada IDAgide.
intaha hesarujODugaLannu, avugaLa eraDaneya padakkU esaka padakkU naDuve yAva pattugeyide embudannavalambisi, halavu gumpugaLalli gumpisabahudu. ettugegAgi, hUgiDa embudaralli eraDaneya padavAda giDa embudu AgugavAgide; jEnunoNa embudaralli eraDaneya padavAda noNa embudu mADugavAgide; soppukatti embudaralli eraDaneya padavAda katti embudu suru vAgide; gALicenDu embudaralli eraDaneya cenDu pada guri yAgide; mattu masikuDike embudaralli eraDaneya kuDike pada jAgavAgide. intaha bEre kelavu padagaLannu keLage koDalAgide.
(1) eraDaneya pada Aguga:
hUgiDa
nIruLLi
gurutOle mincubeLaku
kiDikallu
gALikOvi nenapugurutu mErekallu
(2) eraDaneya pada mADuga:
jEnunoNa sancukUTa kAvalupaDe
tuLilALu anceyALu kuyilALu
merugeNNe gALimare nenapOle suddihALe
bAgilALu IDutanDa kUliyALu
(3) eraDaneya pada suru: dALibareha soppukatti kAsOle
nusibale
henTekoDali nIraDe
benkikaDDi kannakatti morehADu
(4) eraDaneya pada guri: gALakaTTige
gALicenDu
neygULu
(5) eraDaneya pada jAga: tapopIle
masiburuDe haNapeTTige heNadare
oDavemane kAvugUDu
tErabIdi
hakkikApu
haNNutOTa herekombu Odugurutu kAvubuTTi
masikuDike haDagukaTTe heNagADi accumane kalpaNe tinDimane
modalaneya pada IDAgiruva bEre kelavu hesarujODugaLalli eraDaneya padavAgi esakavannu tiLisuva hesarupadavE baLakeyAgide; Adare, I pada esakavannu tiLisuvudarondige adara Aguga, mADuga, suru illavE jAgavannU tiLisuttiruttade.
ettugegAgi, kalkuTiga embudara eraDaneya pada kuTiyuva esaka vannu mAtravallade, adara mADugavannU (ga emba oTTina mUlaka) tiLisuttade; maLeyaLaka embudara eraDaneya pada aLeyuva esakavannu mAtravallade, adara suruvannU (ka oTTina mUlaka) tiLisu ttade. intaha bEre kelavu jODupadagaLannu avugaLa eraDaneya padakke esakapadadondigiruva pattugeya mEle gumpisi keLage koDa lAgide:
Aguga:
mADuga:
suru:
nOvaLika basirutaDe edemuccu
dAritOruga marakaDiga
taTTetoLega kasakaLi
nelagANke
beLakinDi
kesarutaDe
nADALva
hAlUDi
maLeyaLaka kaLekuli
pUciyaLika haNapaDega
piritini kalkuTiga kaLeyaLipa kEDaLika
tIrikeyaripu tappukaLeta
jAga:
esaka:
arilunkuge daNivukaLeta
arivukaleta arivaLike
(pa) suru pattuge modalaneya pada suruvAgiruva hesarujODugaLalli heccinavu gaLallU eraDaneya padavAgi IDannu tiLisuva hesarupada bandiru ttade. ettugegAgi, uNNebaTTe emba hesarupadakke uNNeyinda mADida baTTe emba oLanuDitavannu koDaballevu; idaralli modalaneya uNNe pada suruvAgide mattu eraDaneya baTTe pada IDAgide (I baTTeyannu uNNeyinda mADiddAre).
idakke badalu, bEre kelavu hesarujODugaLalli eraDaneya padavAgi Agugavannu tiLisuva hesarupada bandiruttade; ettugegAgi, gALiyindAda taDe emba gALitaDe emba hesarujODige oLanuDitavannu koDaballevu. I eraDu bageya hesarujODugaLannu keLage paTTimADalAgide:
(1) eraDaneya padavAgi IDu:
akkiganji
garibarige
nArubaTTe neraLutiTTa hulluhAsu
akkitari
tattidOse nUlugombe mIneNNe
hombaTTalu
(2) eraDaneya padavAgi Aguga:
kaNtappu
gALitaDe
mODagattale
edehAlu nAyihuccu havaLadiNNe
eLLeNNe dasibEli nUlENi sannenuDi akkinuccu
kallottu mENabeLaku hUgoncalu
idallade, kisegaLLa emba hesarujODinalli eraDaneya padavAgi kaLLa emba mADuga pada bandiruvudannu kANabahudu (I kaLLa kise yinda kadiyuttAne).
(ga) guri pattuge modalaneya padavAgi guri padaviruva hesarujODugaLalli heccinavu gaLallU eraDaneya padavAgi IDu pada bandiruttade. ettugegAgi,
kIleNNe hesarujODige kIlige koDuva eNNe emba oLanuDitavannu koDabahudu; idaralli modalaneya kIlu pada koDu esakada guri yAgide, mattu eraDaneya eNNe pada adara IDAgide (kIlige koDalu baLasuva eNNe).
intaha kelavu hesarujODugaLalli eraDaneya pada Aguga illavE
jAgavAgiruvudU ide.
(1) eraDaneya padavAgi IDu:
ancevecca gANadettu badiyolavu bisilukoDe maLeyangi haNepaTTi
ellekaTTu
nelegaTTu
bAyaDapu bALvepaDi
muyyesaka haNehagga
(2) eraDaneya padavAgi Aguga:
arasumaga kaNpisuru
EDuhabba
kaNNukutta
(3) eraDaneya padavAgi jAga:
gallumara
nENugamba
tappukANike nOvineNNe bAyikukke bETenAyi molegaTTu hegalucIla
kaNgattale nagegEDu
saratisAlu
(ja) jAga pattuge modalaneya padavAgi jAga padaviruva hesarujODugaLalli heccinavu gaLallU eraDaneya padavAgi Aguga pada bandiruttade. ettugegAgi, edenOvu padakke edeyalli unTAda nOvu emba oLanuDita vannu koDabahudu; idaralli modalaneya ede pada jAgavAgi mattu eraDaneya nOvu pada AgugavAgi bandide.
intaha bEre kelavu hesarujODugaLalli eraDaneya padavAgi IDu pada bandide. idallade, kaDalugaLLa embudaralli mADuga pada mattu gALikoDe embudaralli suru pada bandide; dArihOka mattu hAdihOka padagaLalli eraDaneya pada mADugadondige esakavannU tiLisuttade.
(1) eraDaneya padavAgi Aguga:
edekiccu
edebaDita
kaNpore
kIlUta
gALitEru
edegudi
edeyuri
kalluppu
ganTalunOvu gALisuddi
(2) eraDaneya padavAgi IDu:
sUlmuluku tudinaDige
ellekallu
kallabaraha
edenOvu elarance kalleNNe gaddakuLi sonTanOvu
ellegere tOTadUTa
(2) esakapadavannu baLasi gumpisuvudu mEle tiLisida hAge, hesarujODugaLige koDaballa oLanuDitagaLalli yAva esakapada bandide embudara mEleyU avannu gumpisalu baruttade. illi mukyavAgi eraDu bageya jODupadagaLannu gurutisa bahudu: (ka) eraDanE padavAgi bandiruva hesarupadada iTTaLadalli esakapadavondu bandiddu, adannE oLanuDitadalliyU baLasiru vantaha jODupadagaLadu ondu gumpu; mattu (ca) eraDu hesaru padagaLa naDuvina pattugeyannu tiLisuvudakkAgi jODupadadalli illadiruva esakapadavondannu baLasabEkAguvantaha jODupadagaLadu innondu gumpu.
(ka) eraDanE padada iTTaLadalli esakapadaviruva hesarujODugaLu jODupadada eraDanE hesarupadavannu ondu esakapadakke oTTannu sErisi paDeyalAgideyAdare, adara oLanuDitadalli adE esakapada vannu baLasalu baruttade. ettugegAgi, dArihOka padadalli
bandiruva hOka hesarupadavannu hOgu esakapadakke a oTTannu sErisi paDeyalAgide; idE esakapadavannu baLasi, dAriyalli hOgu vavanu emba oLanuDitavannu adakke koDabahudu.
intaha heccina hesarujODugaLallU modalaneya hesarupada esakada IDAgiruttade (baTTegaLannu mAruvavanu - baTTemArALi). Aguga, jAga illavE guriyannu modalaneya padavAgi paDediruva kelavu hesarujODugaLU baLakeyallive:
(1) IDu:
taTTetoLega nOvaLika maLeyaLaka kallukuTiga
(2) Aguga:
nelasarita
nIrosaru
(3) guri:
nelahAsu
dAritOruga piritini
hAlUDi
kasakaLi
nADALva basirutaDe arivaLika kaLekuli
nelajArike nelacAju
gALiharivu edesOlu
ellekaTTu
mUlekaTTu
(4) jAga:
bayalATa sonTanOvu
banDihOka hAdihOka
dArihOka hagalakANke
(ca) jODupadadallilladiruva esakapadavondannu baLasiruva hesaru jODugaLu bEre kelavu hesarujODugaLalli bandiruva hesarupadagaLa naDuvina pattugeyannu tiLisalu jODupadadallilladiruva esakapadavondannu baLasabEkAguttade. ettugegAgi, eLLeNNe emba jODupadakke eLLininda paDeda eNNe emba oLanuDitavannu koDabahudu; idaralli jODupadada eLLu mattu eNNe emba eraDu hesarupadagaLa naDuvina pattugeyannu tiLisalu paDe emba bEreyE ondu esakapadavannu baLasalAgide.
intaha jODupadagaLannu avugaLalli baLakeyAguva esakapadada mEle gumpisalu baruttade. ettugegAgi, keLage koTTiruva hesaru jODugaLige mADu esakapadavannu baLasiruva oLanuDitagaLannu koDalu baruttade. ivugaLa modalaneya hesarupada heccineDegaLallU I esakapadada suruvAgiruttade (nArininda mADida baTTe - nAru baTTe); kelaveDegaLalli guri (ancege mADida vecca - ancevecca), illavE jAga (tOTadalli mADuva UTa - tOTadUTa) avugaLa modalaneya padavAgi bandiruvudU ide.
garibarige
nAruhalige neraLutiTTa honginDi
dasibEli
nArumaDi moTTedOse hombaTTalu
nArusIre nUlENi hulluhAsu nArubaTTe
koDu esakapadavannu baLasiruva hesarujODugaLu halaviddu, avugaLa modalaneya pada A esakapadada IDu (merugannu koDuva eNNe - merugeNNe) illavE guri (tappige koDuva kANike
- tappugANike)yAgiruttade:
(1) IDu:
nenapugurutu kAvugUDu
(2) guri:
pOTikare
nENugamba badaloppita
merugeNNe kAvubuTTi
allaNitiTTa kAsOle
gallumara
bALvepaDi
beLakinDi
tappugANike maccumaddu takkamehaNa
iru illavE irisu esakapadavannu baLasiruva hesarujODugaLU kelavive. ivugaLalli iru padavannu baLasiruvavugaLalli modalaneya hesarupada jAgavAgiruttade (neladalliruva gunDu - nelagunDu), mattu irisu padavannu baLasiruvavugaLalli IDAgiruttade (masi irisuva kuDike - masikuDike).
(1) jAga: uppinakAyi nelanIru
(2) IDu:
masikuDike haNapeTTige oDavemane
gaDikallu
nelagunDu
haNeboTTu nelamaddu
masiburuDe heNadare
Oleyare
hakkikApu herekombu maddore
2.5.2 hesarujODugaLalli sErikeya horapaDikegaLu
hesarujODugaLalli baLakeyAguva sErikeya olavugaLige eraDu bageya horapaDikegaLu kANisikoLLuttave: mEle 2.2.1-11ralli
koTTiruva olavugaLige edurAguva horapaDikegaLadu ondu bage; mattu jODupadada modalanE hesarupada tanna padarUpavannu hAgeyE uLisikonDiruva horapaDikegaLadu innondu bage.
ettugegAgi, nIrgallu padadalli nIru padada koneya ukAra bidduhOgiruvudu modalanE bageya horapaDike, mattu uppina kAyi padadalli uppu pada tanna uppina emba padarUpavannu hAgeyE uLisikonDiruvudu eraDanE bageya horapaDike.
eraDu hesarupadagaLu oTTusEri jODupadagaLAdAga, (1) modalanE padada koneyalli baruva u mattu a tereyuligaLu avugaLa baLika tereyuliyalli modalAguva pada bandAga biddu hOguvudu (2.2.1), (2) modalanE padada koneya yakAra adara baLika tereyuliyalli modalAguva pada bandAga immaDi yAguvudu (2.2.2), (3) tereyuli illavE yakAradalli kone goLLuva padagaLa baLika baruva padagaLalli modalige baruva kakAra, takAragaLu gakAra, dakAragaLAguvudu (2.2.9), (4) tereyuligaLa baLika h(p), b, mattu m mucculigaLu vakAravAguvudu (2.2.10), mattu mucculigaLa modalu baruva ukAra adara modalu y, r, l, L illavE mUguli iruvalli biddu hOguvudu (2.2.11) emba I aydu sErikeya mArpADugaLige oLagAguttave.
ivugaLalli mUru, nAlku mattu aydanE mArpADugaLige halavu horapaDikegaLiddu, avannella illi paTTimADalu hOgilla. avakke ettugegaLannu mEle 2.2.9, 10, matu 11ralli koDalAgide.
hesarujODugaLa iTTaLadalli kANisuva innondu bageya hora paDikeyendare, avugaLa modalanE hesarupadadondige adakkU adara mundiruva hesarupadakkU naDuviruva pattugeyannu tiLisuva a oTTu bidduhOdarU adu sEridAga padagaLa koneyalli bandiruva d illavE in embudu hAgeyE uLidiruvudu. keLage koTTiruva hesarujODugaLalli I uLikegaLannu kANabahudu:
heNada+are tOTada+UTa
nOvina eNNe
heNadare
tOTadUTa nOvineNNe
akAradalli konegoLLuva hesarupadagaLu intaha jODupadagaLalli I rIti pattugeya a oTTinondige bandiruva d embudannu hecci neDegaLallU uLisiruvudannu kANabahudu; kaLLusuku, kaLLoppa, mangATa, tunTATa, gAyALu embantaha kelavE kelavu jODu padagaLu mAtra adannu uLisikoLLade mEle 2.2.1ralli koTTiruva sErikeya olavannu tOrisuttave. idakke kelavu heccina ettugegaLannu keLage koDalAgide.
neladarime neladareya
nela+arime nela+areya tOTa+ayya tOTadayya cinnadOle cinna+Ole
haNa+ubbara nele+oDeya kutta+oreta
haNadubbara neladoDeya kuttadoreta
kANabahudu
innu kelavu jODupadagaLalli modalanE padada koneya ukAra (jEnu+gUDu> akAravAgi badalAgiruvudannu jEnagUDu). idannu pattugeya a oTTu endu hELalu baruvudilla; yAkendare, ukAradalli konegoLLuva padagaLige pattugeya a oTTannu sErisidAga, mEle nOvu mattu uppu padagaLalli kANisida hAge, A oTTina modalu in embudu sEruttade (nOvin-a).
jEnahaLi
jEnu+haLi tErabIdi
tEru+bIdi nADu+nuDi nADanuDi
kaDalu+cAcu kaDalacAcu mugilu+kallu mugilakallu
jEnu+dasi nADu+habba kaDalu+kare hagalu+kANke hegalu+buTTi
jEnadasi nADahabba kaDalakare hagalakANke hegalabuTTi
2.5.3 esakajODugaLu
modalaneya padavAgi esakapada bandiruvantaha jODupadagaLannu esakajODugaLendu kareyalAgide. ivugaLalli baruva esakapadagaLu ondu esakavannu tiLisuttiddu, adu eraDaneya padavu hesarisuva vyakti, vastu, illavE viSayada pariceyAgiruttade. ettugegAgi, hIru kAgada emba jODupadadalli bandiruva hIru esakapada tiLisuva esaka (‘hIruvike’ embudu) A kAgadada pariceyAgide.
intaha esakajODugaLa iTTaLavannu vivarisuvalli keLage koTTiruva
kelavu vyatyAsagaLu neravige baruttave:
(1) hottinalli vyatyAsa esakajODugaLalli baruva esakapadagaLu eraDu bageyalli hesaru padada pariceyannu tiLisaballuvu:
(ka) avu hesarina pariceyannu yAvAga bEkiddarU naDeyaballa
esakada mUlaka tiLisuttirabahudu, illavE
(ca) omme mAtra naDedu hOguva esakada mUlaka tiLisuttira
bahudu.
ettugegAgi, siDimaddu jODupadadalli bandiruva siDi esakapada yAvAga bEkiddarU naDeyaballa esakavondannu tiLisuttade (siDiva maddu); idakke badalu, sILduTi embudaralli bandiruva sILu embudu omme naDediruva esakavondannu tiLisuttade (sILida tuTi). idallade, kelavu kaDegaLalli eraDaneya pada esakada pariNAmavannu hesarisuttade (jajjugAya).
I vyatyAsavannu keLage koTTiruva jODupadagaLalli kANabahudu; ivugaLalli ondE esakapadavannu I eraDu bageya jODupada gaLallU baLasalAgide embudannu gamanisabahudu:
ubbupuDi kaTTupaTTi karagusarige kUDugere
yAvAga bEkiddarU naDeyaballuvu
ubbisuva puDi kaTTuva paTTi karaguva sarige kUDisuva gere huriyuva kAvali hurigAvali sILunOTa sILuva nOTa suDunIru suDuva nIru anTuva bEne anTubEne Uruva kOlu UrugOlu iLiyuva eNike ujjuva kallu
iLiyeNike ujjugallu
ondE bAri naDeyuvavu ubbida kannaDi ubbukannaDi kaTTukate kaTTida kate karagida kallu karagukallu kUDisida pada kUDupada hurida kALu hurigALu sILida tuTi sILduTi suDugAya suTTa gAya anTida halige anTuhalige Urida kAyi UrugAyi iLida nIru iLinIru ujjida gAya ujjugAya
(2) pattugeyalli vyatyAsa intaha jODupadagaLalli baruva esakapadakkU hesarupadakkU naDuve entaha pattugeyide embudannavalambisiyU avannu kelavu gumpu gaLAgi oDedu hELalu baruttade.
ettugegAgi, taLLugADi embudakke I gADiyannu taLLu ttAreayemba oLanuDitavannu koDaballevu; idaralli gADi hesarupada taLLu esakapadada IDAgi bandide embudannu gamanisabahudu. idakke badalu, IjukoLa embudakke I koLadalli IjuttAreayemba oLa nuDitavannu koDabahudu; idaralli koLa hesarupada Iju esaka padada jAgavAgi bandide.
hesarupadagaLigU esakapadagaLigU naDuve intaha esakajODu gaLalli kANisaballa pattugegaLige kelavu ettugegaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
(1) Aguga pattuge:
ADubeNe
ODutiTTa
seLegallu
battemme
(2) IDu pattuge:
jajjaDike
nUkubanDi biccugatti
suDumaddu UrugOlu hurigaDale
(3) suru pattuge:
tOruberaLu gOrumaNe
(4) jAga pattuge: kudikala
naDehAdi
nODuganDi mArukaTTe sOsutaTTe
iLiyeNike jaDimaLe
anTubEne sILduTi
urigALi jOlugivi hIrukAgada ujjugAya
taLLubanDi talapudANa seLegatti
haccumaddu muccukambi hiDigUTa
tUgubeLaku biccugaNNu bIrugallu hiDigunDu hurihiTTu beLehakki
gOrukOlu kUDugere
kedakukambi sokkumaddu
kuTToraLu nilugaDe
bIsukallu hurigAvali neDutOpu
barekOlu nilleDe masekallu rubbukallu kuttubALu
IjuDupu tangudANa
ujjukoraDu tangumane
uNumane huTTUru
idallade, oragudimbu mattu oraguhalige emba eraDu esaka jODugaLalli guri pattugeyannU, hADuhakki mattu honcupaDe emba bEre eraDu esakajODugaLalli mADuga pattugeyannU kANa bahudu.
(3) hOlikeya esaka esakajODugaLalli baruva esakapadavu nijavAgiyU naDeyaballa illavE naDeda esakavondannu tiLisuva badalu, hOlikeyAgi iruvudU ide. ettugegAgi, hAsugallu padakke hAsida hAge kANisuva kallu emba oLanuDitavannu koDaballudAgiddu, adaralli bandiruva hAsu esakapada ondu hOlikeyannu tiLisuttade.
(4) esakapada illavE hesarupada kelavu jODupadagaLalli modalaneya pada esakapadavE illavE hesarupadavE emba viSayadalli samSaya baruvantiraballudu. ettuge gAgi, huTTukuruDa embudaralli bandiruva huTTu pada esakapada vAgiyU iraballudu, illavE hesarupadavAgiyU iraballudu; yAkendare, adakke huTTuvAgalE kuruDanAgiddavanu emba oLa nuDitavannAgali, illavE huTTinindalE kuruDanAgiddavanu emba oLanuDitavannAgali koDaballevu.
tappukANike, hanimaLe, hADuhakki, huTTUru modalAda bEreyU kelavu jODupadagaLige intaha eraDu bageya oLanuDita gaLannu koDalu baruttade embudannu illi gamanisabahudu.
2.5.4 esakajODugaLalli sErikeya horapaDikegaLu
(1) mEle 2.2.1ralli vivarisida hAge tereyuliyalli modalAguva hesarupada sEridAga esakapadagaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguvudu (battu+emme>battemme), (2) 2.2.9ralli vivarisida hAge tereyuliya baLika, illavE kelavu mucculigaLa baLika banda kakAra-
takAragaLu gakAra-dakAragaLAguvudu (nODu+kanDi>nODuganDi, talapu+tANa>talapudANa, sILu+tuTi>sILduTi), (3) 2.3.10 ralli vivarisida hAge tereyuliya baLika makAra vakAravAguvudu (Eru+maNe>ErvaNe, paDu+mane>paDuvane), mattu (4) 2.2.11 ralli vivarisida hAge mucculiyalli modalAguva hesarupada sEridAga esakapadagaLa ukAra, avugaLa modalu y, L modalAda kelavu mucculigaLiruvAga bidduhOguvudu (sILu+tuTi>sILduTi) emba nAlku bageya sErikeya mArpADugaLu esakajODugaLalli kANisikoLLuttave.
ivugaLalli 2.2.9 mattu 2.2.11ra mArpADugaLige halavu hora paDikegaLiddu (rubbukallu, neDutOpu, sILunOTa), avannilli paTTimADilla. idallade, uNumane jODupadadalli uNNu padada immaDi NakAra otte NakAravAgiruvudannu gamanisabahudu; AduNiga padadalli adara oLanuDitadalli kANisuva (Adu uNNuvavanu) Ayu esakapadada himbottina jODisuva rUpa (Adu embudu) hAgeyE uLidukonDide.
baydATa mattu tuydATa embavugaLallU jODisuva rUpa (baydu mattu tuydu) hAgeyE uLidideyAdarU, ivannu baydADu mattu tuydADu emba kUDupadagaLinda paDeya ballevAda kAraNa, nEravAgi paDeda esakajODugaLendu tiLiya bEkAgilla.
2.5.5 paricejODugaLu
paricepadagaLannu illavE paricebErugaLannu modalaneya padavAgi, mattu hesarupadavannu eraDaneya padavAgi baLasiruvantaha halavAru jODupadagaLu kannaDadalli baLakeyallive. heccineDegaLallU ivu hesarupadagaLu hesarisuva vyakti, vastu illavE viSayada parice yondannu tiLisuva mUlaka, avugaLa haravu kaDimeyAguva hAge mADuttave.
ettugegAgi, hebberaLu jODupadadalli beraLina pariceyondannu (‘adu doDDadu’ embudannu) heb- emba paricebEru tiLisuttade; mattu idarindAgi, beraLu padada haraviginta hebberaLu embudara
haravu kaDimeyAgide; hebberaLu pada ondu bageya (doDDa dAgiruva) beraLannu mAtra hesarisuttade embudannu gamanisabahudu. intaha jODupadagaLannu illi paricejODugaLendu kareyalAgide.
intaha paricejODugaLu mElnOTakke padakantegaLa hAgeyE kANisuttave; yAkendare, paricepadagaLannu nEravAgi, avakke yAva oTTannU sErisade hesarupadagaLondige baLasi padakantegaLannu unTu mADalAguttade. ettugegAgi, biLi paricepadavannu nEravAgi hesarupada gaLondige sErisi halavu bageya padakantegaLannu unTumADa bahudu: biLi kAgada, biLi gODe, biLi mODa, biLi hUvu, biLi cenDu.
idE rItiyalli paricejODugaLannu nEravAgi paricepada illavE paricebErugaLannu hesarupadagaLondige sErisi unTumADalAguttade: ettugegAgi, bisinIru, aDibaraha, oLanuDi, aDDadAri modalAda paricejODugaLannu gamanisabahudu. hAgAgi, paricejODugaLannu padakantegaLinda bErpaDisuvudu suLuvAda kelasavalla. avannu yAva sandarbadalli baLasalAgide, avakke entaha huruLide embantaha bEre kelavu viSayagaLa mEle avu paricejODugaLE illavE padakantegaLE embudannu tIrmAnisikoLLabEkAguttade.
obba vyakti, ondu vastu, illavE ondu viSayada pariceyannu tiLisuva hesaruparicegaLu, mattu ondu esakada pariceyannu tiLisuva esakaparicegaLu embudAgi paricejODugaLalli baruva paricepada gaLannu eraDu mukya gumpugaLalli aNigoLisabahudu. hesaruparicegaLu avugaLa baLika baruva hesarupadada pariceyannu nEravAgi tiLisuttave, mattu esakaparicegaLu bErondu esakada pariceyannu tiLisuva mUlaka, nEravallada bageyalli avugaLa baLika bandiruva hesarupadada pariceyannu tiLisuttave.
ettugegAgi, hebberaLu embudaralli baruva heb paricebEru nEravAgi beraLina pariceyondannu tiLisuttade; idakke badalu, naDu beraLu embudaralli baruva naDu esakaparice naDuve iruva beraLu embudAgi beraLina iruvikeya pariceyannu, mattu A mUlaka beraLina pariceyannu tiLisuttade. I vyatyAsada mEle, paricejODu gaLannU eraDu bageyAgi (hesaruparicegaLiruvuvu mattu esakaparicega
Liruvuvu embudAgi) gumpisabahudu. I eraDu bageya jODupada gaLannu keLage heccu vivaravAgi pariSIlisalAgide:
(1) hesaruparicegaLa baLake paricejODugaLa modalaneya padavAgi hesaruparicegaLannu baLasidAga, avu sAmAnyavAgi avugaLa baLika baruva hesarupadagaLa haravannu kaDimemADuttave. Adare, nanTastikeyannu tiLisuva kelavu hesarupada gaLondige bandAga avu A rIti mADuva badalu, A padavannu hOlikegAgi baLasikoLLuttave.
ettugegAgi, cikkAsu embudaralli bandiruva cikka paricepada kAsu padada haravannu kaDime mADuttade; halavu bageya kAsugaLalli cikkavannu adu hesarisuttade. Adare, cikkamma embudaralli bandiruva cikka paricepada amma padada haravannu kaDime mADuvudilla; yAkendare, cikkamma emba pada ammandiralli cikkavaLannu hesarisuvu dilla; idakke badalu, adu amma padavannu hOlikegAgi baLasikoLLu ttade: ‘ammaniginta cikkavaLu’, endare ‘ammana tangi’ emba huruLu cikkamma padakkide.
I vyatyAsavannu tOrisuva kelavu jODupadagaLannu keLage koDa
lAgide:
hOlikeyannu baLasuvavu cikkamma ‘ammaniginta cikkavaLu’ cikkatAyi ‘tAyiginta cikkavaLu’ cikkappa ‘appaniginta cikkavanu’ cikkatande ‘tandeginta cikkavanu’ doDDappa ‘appaniginta doDDavanu’ doDDamma ‘ammaniginta doDDavaLu’ saNNamma ‘ammaniginta saNNavaLu’ hiriyayya ‘ayyaniginta hiriyanu’
haravannu kaDimemADuvavu cikkAsu ‘kAsugaLalli cikkadu’ cikkatamma ‘tammandiralli cikkavanu’ cikkaNNa ‘aNNandiralli cikkavanu’ cikkatangi ‘tangiyaralli cikkavaLu’ doDDangaDi ‘angaDigaLalli doDDadu’ doDDakka ‘akkandiralli doDDavaLu’ saNNakki ‘akkigaLalli saNNadu’ hiriyaNNa ‘aNNandiralli hiriyavanu’ L
mElina vyatyAsavannu tOrisuva hesaruparicegaLella Ayavannu (cikka, doDDa), illavE harayavannu (hiri) tiLisuttive. bEre bageya paricegaLannu tiLisuva hesaruparicegaLu I vyatyAsavannu tOrisuvu dilla; avu nanTastanada padagaLondige baruva hAgU kANisuvudilla.
jODupadagaLa modalaneya padavAgi baLakeyAguva hesaruparice gaLalli keLage koTTiruva bErugaLu mattu padagaLu heccu padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttave:
(1) pEr/hEr perkate pEraNaka heggaDaja heggaLLa hebbanDe hebbusi hemmane hEraDavi
percUTi
pErALu
heggaDe heggattu
hebbAgilu hebbeTTu
hemmiNi
hErAne
(2) kir/kiru kirukate kirugatti kirutore kirubaraha kiggaTTu kittaDi
kitteDe
kirukaData
kirucIla
kirutOTa kiruberaLu kiggaDalu
kittUru
kittusiru
(3) kaTTa/kaDu kaDukaLLa
kaDugali kaDugOpa
kaDubisilu kaDuhage kaTTarasu kaTTALu kaTTULiga
kaDugampu kaDugALi
kaDunOvu
kaDumaruLu kaDuhuccu kaTTaDavi
kaTTiruve
kaTTeccara
(4) kisu/kEsu kisugaNagile kEsakki
kisugaNNu
kEsuri
permAtu
pErarasu
heggaNa heggaLike
hebbAvu
hebbaTTe
hejjEnu
hErALu
kirukuLa
kirujOgu kirudere
kirumiduLu kiggaDe kittoraku
kittayya
kaDugattale kaDugempu
kaDubaDava
kaDumunisu kaDuhEDi
kaTTale kaTTubbasa
kaTTesaka
permuDi pEruri heggattale heggeccalu hebbuli hebburuli heddAri hErUru
kirukONe kiruterige kirunAlige kiruhaTTi kiggaNNu kittOle kittesaLu
kaDugappu kaDugEDi kaDubaNNa
kaDumuppu kaDuhoge kaTTaLavi kaTTuluhu kaTTELige
kisugallu
kEsuLLi
kisuvonnu kEsoDalu
(5) ken kengaNNu kenguruLu
kengari kendale
kengallu
kendAvare
kengiDi kenduTi
kennAyi
kennIru
kennettaru
kennela
(6) kAr/kari karikabbu karinIru karihatti kannADu kAriruLu
karigubbi
karibEvu
karihalige
kanneydile
(7) beL-biLi beLdingaLu beLgoDe beLLakki beLmugilu biLikabbu biLigaDDa
biLimeNasu biLimODa
(8) mAr/maru marunuDi marudina marumay marubaLake marusalike maruvALu mAraDi
mAraccu mAreNike
mAruli mArkaTTu mArkiDi
mArpoLapu mArbaTTe
mArmugilu
mArmunisu
(9) biru birugattale birugallu
birugOlu birudani
birunOTa birunuDi birumAtu biruvaDe
(10) niT/niDu niDugaNNu niDunaDike niDumaNe niTTayde niTTirke
niDugiccu niDubALve niDumara
niTTale niTTusiru
karicuLLi
karimaNi
kaggattale
kammaDu
karijIrige karimara kaggappu kammara
beLnore
beLLAne
biLigeNasu biLisampige
marunOTa marumAtu maruhuTTu mArAne
mAroDalu mArtale
mArbaDDi
beLmaNNu beLLuLLi biLijOLa biLihUvu
marubageta maruvakka marueNike mArALu mArOle mArpaDe mArbala
birugALi
birunagu
birubisilu biruvalaru
birugUdalu birunaDe birumaLe biruhoyilu
niDugoraLu niDuberaLu niDumAtu niTTAli
niTTelubu
niDudOLu niDubobbe niDumUgu niTTiruLu niTTOTa
idallade, kelavE kelavu jODupadagaLalli mAtravE kANisi koLLuva bEreyU halavu hesaruparicegaLiddu, avugaLalli kelavu pada mattu bErugaLa baLakeyannu keLagina paricejODigaLalli kANabahudu:
aDigaTTu
ajjagaLLa aNNekelasa innuNisu eDemAtu eDehALe
eLaganti
eremaNNu oNahullu oNakoreta kammelaru
kammeNNe kILarime
kiLpoDe kuDugOlu kILumAtu kOrenOTa kUrarivu gUnubennu kOsukaNNu caLLaDaru
caLLuguru jaLLutene
cennuDi tanibella tanihAlu
dOregAyi naruhoge nasugempu nasugattale paDDehuli
koreyakki poLLumAtu balagAlu
haLegannaDa hasigODe
aDigaTTale eDagay
eDehottu eLanIru
oLnuDi
kisagAlu
kILALu
kuDuhubbu kOredADe goDDAkaLu cikkADu
taNNIru
tirugaNe
nalbaraha
nerekare paDDehuDuga biNgeccalu husinagu
aNNetunDu eDagAlu eregadde oNakemmu oLdoDuge kisabAyi kILtuTi kUrgatti kOluLi gOTaDike cUputudi taNNelaru tirugANi nalluNisu neremane pusikeccu melnaDe hosahuTTu
kannaDada eNikeya padagaLu kelavu kaDegaLalli paricepadagaLa hAge baLakeyAguttave, mattu bEre kelavu kaDegaLalli hesarupadagaLa hAge baLakeyAguttave; bEre kelavu viSayagaLalli avakke avugaLadE Ada paricegaLU ive. hAgAgi, avannu bEreyE ondu gumpinalli irisa bEkAgide. Adare, jODupadagaLa iTTaLadalli kelavu eNikeya bEru gaLu heccukaDime hesaruparicegaLa hAgeyE eraDaneya padada parice yannu (adara eNikeyannu) tiLisalu baLakeyAguttave. ivugaLalli mukyavAgi Or, Ir, mU mattu are padagaLa baLakeyAguttade:
(1) Or
okkaTTu okkayya ottaTTu onnADiga orkallu
okkaNe okkUTa
ottanDa
opopattu
orpariju
okkaNNa okkombu ottara obberaLu
orsULu
okkaLa oggaTTu ottOLu obboTTu Oranke
(2) Ir ikkaTTu ikkela
ittera
immaDi IraDi
(3) mUr mukkaTTu mukkAli mummone
ikkaDi iggAli
innuDiga
immay
Irotte
ikkaNNa ijjODu ibbage immone
ikkuLa ittanDa ibbAyi irtale
mukkaDi
munnIru
mUgAvuda
mukkaNNa
muppuri
mUvaTTe
mukkandi mummaDi
(4) are aregelasa aregunDige aredingaLu arenuDi
aremusuku arehaNNu
aregOLa aremaruLu arehucca
aretaDe aremare arehottu
sErikeya horapaDikegaLu hesaruparicegaLannu baLasiruva jODupadagaLalli halavu bageya sErike mArpADugaLu kANisikoLLuttave; ivugaLannu keLage paTTimADa lAgide, mattu avakkiruva horapaDikegaLannU keLage koDalAgide:
(1) 2.2.1ralli vivarisiruva (padagaLa koneya tereyuli, avugaLa baLika tereyuliyalli modalAguva pada bandAga bidduhOgu) mArpADu cikkamma (cikka+amma), saNNakki (saNNa+akki) modalAda padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade.
(2) 2.2.2ralli vivarisiruva (tereyuligaLa modalu banda mucculigaLalli kelavu (illi n, N, l, mattu L mucculigaLu) immaDiyAguva) mArpADu munnarivu, taNNelaru, nalluNisu, beLLuLLi modalAda padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade.
(3) 2.2.4ralli vivarisiruva (kelavu padagaLa mattu bErugaLa (illi pEr/hEr, kEsu, kAr, mAr, kIL, Or, Ir, mattu mUr embavugaLa) udda tereyuli avugaLa baLika mucculiyalli modalAguva pada bandAga giDDa tereyuliyAguva) mArpADu perkate, heggattale, kisugallu, kaggappu, marunuDi, kiLpoDe, okkaTTu, ikkaNNa, mukkAli modalAda padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade.
idakke kelavu horapaDikegaLU ive: mArkaTTu, mArkiDi, mArtale, mArnuDi, mArpaDe, mArpoLapu, mArpaTTe, mArpaDDi, mArbala, mArmugilu mattu mArmunisu padagaLalli mAr padada udda tereyuli giDDavAgade uLidide; marueNike padadalli mAr padada baLika tereyuli bandiruvallU udda akAraviruva mAr padada badalu giDDa akAraviruva maru padada baLakeyAgide; mattu, kILtuTi padadalli kIL padada udda tereyuli giDDavAgilla.
(4) 2.2.6ralli vivarisiruva (mucculigaLa modalu baruva rakAra avugaLa rUpavannE paDeyuva) mArpADu Or+kaTTu>okkaTTu, Ir+ bage>ibbage, hEr+jEnu>hejjEnu mUr+puri>muppuri, modalAda padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade.
(5) 2.2.7ralli vivarisiruva (mucculigaLa modalu baruva mUguligaLu avugaLa jAgakke badalAguva) mArpADu mun+ kay>mungay, mun+taDe> muntaDe, hin+baraha>himbaraha, hin+maDi>himmaDi modalAda padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade. munmAtu, munbEDike, munsaviha, mungApu, munkANke, munkOrike, munpagalu embavu idakke horapaDikegaLAgive.
mun+cUNi>muncUNi,
(6) 2.2.8ralli vivarisiruva (tereyuligaLa modalu baruva kaDu, naDu, mattu niDu padagaLa DakAra TTa endAguvudu mattu kiru padada rakAra tta endAguva) mArpADu kaTTesaka, naTTaDavi, niTTusiru, kittOle modalAda padagaLalli kANisikoLLuttade.
(7) 2.2.9ralli vivarisiruva (tereyuligaLa baLika, mattu y, r, l, L, mattu mUguligaLa baLika kakAra gakAravAguva, mattu takAra perdere, dakAravAguva) oLdoDuge, kendale, taNgoLa modalAda padagaLalli kANisikoLLu ttade. idakke halavu horapaDikegaLiddu, avannilli paTTimADilla.
narudambula,
mArpADu
kaDegaNNu,
(8) idallade, kEsu padada udda tereyuli kisugaNNu, kisu gallu, kisukuLa, kisuvalage, kisuvonalu mattu kisuvonnu pada gaLalli giDDa tereyuliyAgi (ekAravAgi) badalAgide mAtravalla, ikAravAgiyU badalAgide. intahadE ekAra ikAravAguva mArpADu biLi padadallU kANisuttade.
(2) esakaparicegaLa baLake jODupadagaLa modalaneya padavAgi esakapariceyondannu baLasiru valliyU eraDu bageya iTTaLagaLu kANisikoLLuttave; heccineDe gaLallU esakaparice adara baLika bandiruva hesarupadada haravannu kaDimemADuttade, mattu idakkAgi adu ondu esakapadavannu baLasi koLLuttade. Adare, kelavu kaDegaLalli hIge haravannu kaDime mADuva badalu, adu hesarupadada oDetavondannu baLasikoLLuttade.
ettugegAgi, naDuberaLu embudaralli bandiruva naDu paricepada beraLu padada haravannu (iru esakapadada mUlaka) kaDime mADu ttade: halavu (aydu) beraLugaLalli naDuve iruvantahaduay naDu beraLu; Adare, naDuhagalu embudaralli bandiruva naDu paricepada A rIti hagalu padada haravannu kaDimemADuvudilla; yAkendare, adu halavu hagalugaLalli naDuvinadannu hesarisuva badalu, hagalina naDubAgavannu hesarisuttade. illi paricepadavannu hagalu padada oDetakkAgi (hagalina ondu bAgavannu tiLisuvudakkAgi) baLasalAgide.
kelavu jODupadagaLalli I eraDu bageya huruLugaLU kANisi koLLuttave. ettugegAgi, hingAlu pada nAlku kAliruva prANigaLa kuritAgi baLakeyAdAga (danada hingAlu) hindina kAlannu hesarisa balludu; Adare, eraDu kAliruva janara kuritAgi baLakeyAdAga (Atana hingAlu) kAlina himbAgavannu mAtravE hesarisaballudu.
intahavE eraDeraDu huruLugaLalli baLakeyAgaballa bEre kelavu
paricejODugaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
paricejODu haravannu kaDime
hinnADu mungAlu naTTavane
mADuva huruLu
‘hindugaDe iruva nADu’ ‘mundina kAlu’ ‘naDuvina mane’
oDetavannu baLasuva huruLu ‘nADina himbAga’ ‘kAlina mumbAga’ ‘maneya naDubAga’
intaha jODupadagaLalli baLakeyAgaballa esakaparicegaLannu keLage paTTimADalAgide; ivellavU jAga illavE hottannu tiLisuva esaka paricegaLu embudannu gamanisabahudu. I esakaparicegaLannu baLasi unTumADiruva jODupadagaLannu, avu koDuva ‘haravannu kaDime
mADuvudu’ illavE ‘oDetavannu baLasuvudu’ emba eraDu huruLu gaLannu avalambisi, eraDu gumpugaLalli aNigoLisalAgide:
(1) kaDe:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: kaDenuDi kaDegUsu
kaDehallu
kaDegODi
kaDegAla
kaDenOTa
kaDegIlu
kaDehuTTu
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: kaDemugilu kaDegaNNu kaDevAyi kaDevaLLi
kaDehagalu kaDeseragu
kaDegenne
(2) mun:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: mungaDa mumbadi munjUru munmAtu munnarivu munnela
mungAru mumbottu mundALu munkANke munnOTa munnoTTu
mungaTTe
muncUNi mungaDe
munkApu munnaLuku munguruLu
mundoTTi muntaDe munbEDike munnaDe munnuDi
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: mungattalu munkate
mungay mumbeLagu
mungoralu munnaDi
mungandAya mundonDe munniruLu
mungAlu mumbagalu munpagalu
(3) hin:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: hingaDe hindETu
hinnIru
himbaraha
hinnele
himmELa
hindera hingAlu
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: hingAlu
hinnADu himmaDi
hittilu
hingattale hingattu
hindale
(4) oLa:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: oLaguTTu oLanuDi
oLagumpu oLanOTa
oLajagaLa
oLapase
oLatogaTe oLaLuku
oLaLate oLakOTe
oLabaLaga
oLaharike
oLabAgilu oLasancu
oLahAdi oLabAgu
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: oLagaNNu
oLadavaDe oLakay
(5) naDu:
oLaguDi
oLanADu
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: naDukaTTe naDunele naDumane naTTAli naDuberaLu
naDugaDDe
naDuhallu naDugombu naTTelubu naDudaTTi
naDugamba
naDubale
naDutoTTi naDutUtu naDuhareya
naDudAri naDuhALe naDutUbu naDudAra
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: naDubIdi naDukivi naTTiruLu
naTTaDavi naDugoraLu naDuguDDa
naDumane
naDunosalu naDugaDalu
naDuhagalu naDuhoLe naDunADu
(6) hora:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: horaangi horaUTa horasuttu horamane (ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: horamay
(7) mEl:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: mElukAluve mElangi mElALu mElATa
horadAri
horabAgilu
mEludAri mElkaTTu
mElaccu mElkerpu
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: mElbAnu mElaDi
mElmiduLu
(8) kone:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: konebaraha
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: konegaNNu
konevuguru
(9) heDa:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: heDaguDi
(10) tudi:
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: heDakay
heDatale
heDakAlu
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: tudineDige
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: tudiberaLu
tudigAlu
(11) kuDi:
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: kuDinOTa kuDimincu kuDibeLagu
kuDiveLagu kuDimIse
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: kuDiberaLu kuDinAlige kuDibAla
kuDidADe kuDigaNNu
(12) keLa (kiL-kIL):
(ka) haravannu kaDimemADuvavu: keLadavaDe keLabeLaku kILALu
keLaduTi
kILarime
kILumAtu
(ca) oDetavannu baLasuvavu: keLahoTTe kiLdALige
kiLpoDe
keLamay keLanAlige
aLaviyannu tiLisuva esakaparicegaLu bandiruvalli I haravu mattu keLage
kANisuvudilla embudannu
oDetagaLa naDuvina vyatyAsa koTTiruva jODupadagaLalli gamanisabahudu:
nasugattale koreyakki sIrusiri
nasugempu koresambaLa hiDisUDi
nasugALi
koreyusiru hiDihullu
nasunage sIrucekke tusunagu
sErikeya horapaDikegaLu esakaparicegaLannu baLasiruva jODupadagaLalli halavu sErikeya mArpADugaLu naDeyuttave; ivannu keLage paTTimADalAgide, mattu avakkiruva horapaDikegaLannU keLage koDalAgide:
(1) 2.2.1ralli vivarisiruva (padagaLa koneya tereyuli adara baLika tereyuli bandAga bidduhOguvudemba) mArpADannu oLaLate, oLaLuku, sIrusiri padagaLalli kANabahudu; ikAra illavE ekAra gaLu bidduhOgade avugaLa baLika yakAra baruvudannu koreyakki
mattu kuDiyaLLe padagaLalli kANabahudu; hora padada baLika tere yuli bandAga adara koneya akAra bidduhOgade uLiyuvudannu horaUTa, horausuru, horaangi padagaLalli kANabahudu. I padagaLalli eraDu tereyuligaLu oTTige bandiddu, sErikeya mArpADu naDedilla.
(2) 2.2.2ralli vivarisiruva (padagaLa koneya mucculi (illi nakAra mAtra) adara baLika tereyuli bandAga immaDiyAguva) mArpADannu munnaDi, munniruLu padagaLalli kANabahudu.
(3) 2.2.4ralli vivarisiruva (kIL padada baLika mucculi bandAga adara udda tereyuli giDDavAguva) mArpADannu kiLdALige mattu kiLpoDe padagaLalli kANabahudu.
(4) 2.2.7ralli vivarisiruva (mucculigaLa modalu baruva mUguli (illi nakAra mAtra) adara baLika banda mucculiya jAgakke mArpADannu mungAru, himmELa, himbaraha badalAguva) modalAda padagaLalli kANabahudu; I mArpADige munmAtu, munkApu, munbEDike, mattu munkANke embavu horapaDikegaLu.
(5) 2.2.8ralli vivarisiruva (tereyuligaLa modalu baruva Da
embudu TTa endAguva) mArpADannu (illi naDu emba padadalli mAtra) naTTelubu, naTTiruLu modalAda padagaLalli kANabahudu.
(6) 2.2.9ralli vivarisiruva (tereyuli, l, L, mattu mUguligaLa baLika baruva kakAra-takAragaLu gakAra-dakAragaLAguva) mArpADannu kaDegAla, mungaDa, kiLdALige, oLagivi, hindera modalAda padagaLalli kANabahudu. idakke horapaDikegaLU halavive yembudannu heDakay, naDukivi, heDatale, naDutoTTi, kiLpoDe modalAda padagaLalli kANabahudu.
(7) 2.2.10ralli vivarisiruva (tereyuliya baLika baruva h(p), b, mattu m mucculigaLu vakAravAguva) mArpADannu naDu vagalu, kaDevAyi, naDuvane modalAda padagaLalli kANabahudu; idakkU kaDehuTTu, naDumane, kuDiberaLu modalAda hora paDikegaLive.
2.5.6 bEre bageya jODupadagaLu
kannaDadalli baLakeyAguva heccina jODupadagaLannU mEle vivarisi dantaha hesarujODu, esakajODu mattu paricejODu emba mUru bageya iTTaLagaLalli gumpisabahudu. Adare, bEre kelavu bageya jODupadagaLU kannaDadalli kANisikoLLuttave.
(1) keLage koTTiruva jODupadagaLalli baruva eraDu hesaru padagaLannu mattu padadinda jODisiruva hAge kANisuttade (kasa mattu kaDDi - kasakaDDi; hasi mattu bisi hasibisi; gottu mattu gurib- gottuguri):
accumeccu appaTecappaTe ubbutaggu Odubaraha
kallumuLLu
kundukorate giDaganTi
tinDitinasu nuccunUru makkaLumari sandigondi soppusade
aDDagala
aDetaDe
uDugetoDuge uDuputoDupu eDarutoDaru OrekOre
kasakaDDi
kOTekottaLa gottuguri teppatEru nUkunuggalu mAtukate sAvunOvu haNakAsu
Erutaggu kallumaNNu kuTTidoNNe ganTumUTe taggumuggu nArubEru nerekare muccumare suttumuttu harukumuruku
mEle koTTiruva jODupadagaLalli appaTecappaTe, uDuge toDuge, uDuputoDupu, gottuguri, sandigondi, mattu haNakAsu embavugaLalli heccukaDime ondE huruLina eraDu pada gaLannu baLasalAgide; hAgiddarU ivannu mattu padada mUlaka sErisa ballevu.
(2) keLage koTTiruva bEre kelavu jODupadagaLalli huruLiruva padadondige antahadE uliyannu koDuva huruLillada pada vondannu sErisalAgide:
ajjugujju edurubaduru
aDDAdiDDi ErupEru
arebare callApilli
tattarabittara najjugujju muppucippu
taLakupaLaku baTTebare
haNNuhampalu
tArumAru baDabaggaru
(3) huruLilladantaha padavondannu eraDaneya padavAgi baLasalu kannaDadalli ondu kaTTaleyU baLakeyallide. idaralli padavondannu himpuTisuva innondu padavannu adarondige jODisi baLasalAgu ttade. kallugillu, OdugIdu, gottugittu, kasagisa modalAduvannu idakke ettugeyAgi koDabahudu.
ivugaLalli eraDaneya padavannu unTumADalu, modalaneya padada modalaneya barigekanteya badalu gi illavE gI embudannu baLasalAguttade: modalaneya barigekanteyalli giDDa tereyuliyiddare gi embudu baruttade (halligilli, onTeginTe, maLegiLe), mattu udda tereyuliyiddare gI embudu baruttade (AnegIne, dUru gIru, hAvugIvu).
jODupadagaLa iTTaLavannu I rIti ondu kaTTaleya mUlaka vivarisalu baruvudilla; hAgAgi, gi illavE gI embudannu baLasi unTumADida intaha padagaLannu bErondu bageya jODu padagaLendu kareyuvudakkintalU padarUpagaLendu illavE padakante gaLendu kareyuvudE oLLeyadu.
(4) ondE padavannu eraDu bAri baLasuva mUlaka, adara mEle ottukoDuva holabu kannaDadalli baLakeyallide; kelavu jODupadagaLU I holabina mUlaka huTTikonDive; illi modalanE bAri banda pada aDagagonDu eraDaneyadakke anTikoLLu ttade. kaTTakaDe (kaDe>kaTTa), tuttatudi (tudi>tutta), tuttumuru (tumuru>tut) padagaLalli I holabannu kANabahudu.
(5) illa padakke i illavE a oTTannu sErisi unTumADiruva ili illavE ila padavannu kelavu hesarupada, esakapada, mattu paricepadagaLige sErisi allagaLeyuva huruLiruva hesarujODugaLannu unTumADalAgide. ettugegAgi, kaNNu hesarupadadinda kaNNili ‘kaNNilladavanu’ embudannu, tiLi esakapadadinda tiLivili ‘tiLivilla davanu’ embudannu, mattu kUru paricepadadinda kUrili ‘harita valladudu’ embudannu unTumADalAgide.
intaha kelavu padagaLannu keLage koDalAgide:
hesarupadagaLondigina baLake:
kaNNili kaNNu nANu nANili
mAtu mAtili
bardu
bardila
hallu hallili agilu agilili eve
eveyili
esakapadagaLondigina baLake: beLagu beLagili
tabbu
tabbili
Cj tiLi
arivili tiLivili
paricepadadondigina baLake:
kUru
kUrili
(6) keLage koTTiruva jODupadagaLalli eraDaneya padavAgi
ondu esakapada bandiruva hAge kANisuttade:
ugurusuttu edegudi
edemuccu kaDalacAcu kaNNuri kesarutaDe
nelahAsu bAnuli
mUlekaTTu
iLijAru
ellekaTTu
oDahuTTu kaypiDi
kaNkaTTu
kalluhAsu nelacAcu beraLottu mOrekaTTu
edesOlu elumuruTu osaDusOku kambani kallottu nIrosaru bankeyanTu beLakutaDe sUlmuluku
Adare, ivugaLalli eraDaneya padavAgi bandiruvavugaLalli heccina vakkU kannaDadalli hesarupadavAgiyU baLakeyide. ettugegAgi, eraDu suttu suttide emba sollinalli suttu pada eraDu bAri bandiddu, modalaneya bAri adu ondu hesarupadavAgi bandide. hAgAgi, bEre kaDegaLallU eraDaneya pada hesarupadavAgiyE baLakeyAgide yendu tiLiyabahudu.
2.6 tiruLu
I pasugeyalli hesarupadagaLa iTTaLa entahadu embudannu vivarisa lAgide: oTTisida padagaLu mattu jODupadagaLu embudAgi eraDu bageya iTTaLaviruva hesarupadagaLu kannaDadalli baLakeyallive.
I eraDu bageya padagaLa iTTaLavannu vivarisuva modalu, avu gaLalli kANisikoLLuva sErikeya mArpADugaLu entahavu embudannu tiLisalAgide; oTTu hannondu mArpADugaLannu illi paTTimADa lAgide.
oTTisida hesarupadagaLannu esakapadagaLige, hesarupadagaLige illavE paricepadagaLige oTTugaLannu sErisi unTumADalAguttade; idakkAgi entaha oTTugaLella baLakeyAguttave, mattu avu padagaLige entaha huruLugaLannu sErisuttave embudannu illi vivarisalAgide. oTTu sumAru 50 oTTugaLannu illi paTTi mADalAgide.
jODupadagaLannu hesarupadagaLige, esakapadagaLige mattu parice padagaLige (illavE paricebErugaLige) hesarupadagaLannu sErisi unTu mADalAguttiddu, ivannu hesarujODu, esakajODu mattu parice jODugaLendu hesarisalAgide.
hesarujODugaLa iTTaLavannu vivarisuvalli, avugaLalli jODi siruva eraDu hesarupadagaLa naDuve entaha pattugeyide embudannu, mattu avugaLige oLanuDitagaLannu koDuvalli entaha esakapadavannu baLasalAguttade embudannu avalambisi, eraDu bageyalli gumpisa lAgide.
esakajODugaLannu gumpisuvudakkAgiyU mukyavAgi (1) avugaLa modalaneya padavAgi banda esakapadada hottu entahadu, mattu (2) adakkU hesarupadakkU naDuviruva pattugeyentahadu emba eraDu holabugaLannu baLasalAgide.
paricejODugaLalli hesaruparice mattu esakaparice emba eraDu bageya paricepadagaLu baraballuvAgiddu, avannavalambisi I jODu padagaLannu gumpisalAgide. idallade, hesaruparicegaLu hesarupadagaLa haravannu kaDime mADuva mUlaka, illavE hOlikeyannu baLasuva mUlaka, gurutisuva kelasadalli avakke neravAgaballuvu emba viSaya vannU illi baLasikoLLalAgide.
idakke badalu, esakaparicegaLu hesarupadada haravannu kaDime mADuva mUlaka, illavE oDetavannu baLasuva mUlaka gurutisuva kelasadalli avakke neravAguttave; I eraDu viSayagaLannu baLasi avannu illi gumpisalAgide.