kannaDakke mahAprANa yAke bEDa

lEkhakaru: Di. en. Sankara baT mULa: YouTube udangaLu — 17 bhAgagaLu (P1, P2, 1–15) odidaravaru: malati baT

mUla paThya (kannaDa lipi): kn/full.md ingliS viSlEShaNe: en/summary.md

oLapiDi

viShaya 1 — mahAprANa yAke bEDa: mUla vaada

bhAgagaLu P1, P2, 1–3

📼 bhAgagaLu P1–3 →

(bhAgagaLu P1, P2, 1, 2, 3 kannaDavagalilla — mUla paThya dorakalavillDa)

kannaDa mAtinalli mahAprANa uccAraNe illa. “bhArata” ennuvalli kannaDigaraddu “bArata” enba uccAraNe. “dharma” ennuvalli “darma”. I uccAraNe bedala sariyAgi sAbitisuttade: kannaDada svantada uccAraNe vyavastheyalli aspirated mattu unaspirated — eraDu bErE bErE uli (phoneme) alla; ondE uli.

kannaDigarE bArI mahAprANa akSaragaLannu kaLitu bereyuvudu sumAru 1500–2000 varSagaLa hindE naDeyitu. kAraNa: kannaDa vidvAnsaru samskxtada mElariMe hoDitu A lipi vyavastEyanu ayke mADigiddarindu. I ayke bhASha viJJAnada neLe mElE tokkaTavalla.

mahAprANa akSaragaLu — Ka, Ga, Ca, Ja, Tha, Dha, tha, dha, pha, bha — ivugaLu kannaDa svantada padagaLige avaSyavE illa. samskxta eravalu padagaLannu bareyalU nIDiva mahAprANa — kannaDigaru hEge uccAraNe mADuttArO hAgeyE bareyabahu.

viShaya 2 — kannaDa baraha caritra mattu samskxta eravalu

bhAgagaLu 4–9

📼 bhAgagaLu 4–9 →

(bhAgagaLu 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 kannaDavagalilla adarE bhAga 9 svalpa dorakuttade)

kannaDa lipi brAmI lipiyinda beLedubandidu. brAmI lipi uccAraNa ADipAya mElE 5 varga vyanjanakoSTa mADide: ka-varga, ca-varga, Ta-varga, ta-varga, pa-varga. I vaiJJAnika rIti. adarE pratikoSTadalli alphaprANa mattu mahAprANa eraDu bErE sAligaLu — I eraDanEya sAlE kannaDadalli avaSyakavE alla.

kannaDa baraha sumAru 2000 varSagaLa hindE ArambavAyitu. A kALada vidvAnsaru samskxtavE ellA JJAnada mULa ennuva nambike hoDiddaru — adaridindu brAmI-samskxta lipi vyavastE purarAyitu. I punaranuvartane neDeyidu hoyi hoyi Idu takka kannaDakku hOLike alla.

ingliS eravalu padagaLu kannaDakke bandAga kannaDigaru “vaT” mattu “vaT” (watch mattu vote) eraDannu “v” ninda bareyuttAre — I nyAyave samskxta eravalu padagaLigU naDeyabEku. “bAratu”, “darma”, “baLisu” — I rIti bareyuvudu tappalla, sari AguturuttaDE.

baraha sumAru 31 akSaragaLu sAku — kannaDa svantada padakoSada mAtannu pugisi bareyalu. heccina akSaragaLu mahAprANa mattu SakAra mattu visarga — ivugaLu samskxtada kANike; kannaDada svantada avaSyakata alla.

viShaya 3 — bErE bhAShe gaLu mADida baraha suDAraNe

bhAgagaLu 10–13

📼 bhAgagaLu 10–13 →

(bhAgagaLu 10, 12, 13 kannaDavagalilla; bhAga 11 svalpa dorakuttade)

jagattinalli halavAru bhAShe gaLu yaSasvi baraha suDAraNe mADidave — I neDetu sADya embudu sAbitisuttave:

kOriya: suDAraNe nantara baraha-mAtu hatyantara kaDimeyAyitu. kOriya makkaLu okkobbaru naDavanige baraha kaLiyuvAga heccina kAlasa-hOlike sADyavAyitu.

panjAbi (gurmuki lipi): suDAraNe nantara panjAbi baraha-mAtu haccina hOlikeyalli bareyabahudu sADhyavAyitu.

inDOnEShiya: Hague / Spelling suDAraNe nantara (Dutch ninda innA rIti baraha), innUsaru sUlabavAyitu.

jarmani: sarkar baraha niyama badalAyisitu — makkaLige baraha kalisuvudu sUlabavAyitu.

turkI: lATin lipi ayke nantara baraha-mAtu hOlike hecca AyItu.

AsAmi (assamese): svalpa suDAraNe nantara AsAmi baraha-mAtu hOlike sudhAritu.

I ellA udAharaNegaLu tOruttave: baraha suDAraNe sADya; makkaLige sUlabavAguttade; bhAShe hALaguvudilla.

viShaya 4 — suDAraNe edurukegaLu mattu uttaragaLu

bhAgagaLu 14–16

📼 bhAgagaLu 14–16 →

(bhAgagaLu 14, 15, 16 kannaDavagalilla — mUla paThya dorakalavillDa)

suDAraNe edurukegaLige DNS baT avaru eraDu-nAlku uttaragaLannu munnurisuttAre:

“eraDu pada ondE tara OduttAve — gondala Aguttade”: gondala bahaLa varSa-sandarbhagaLalli sammugha paristhitiyalli oDeDisikkoLLuturuttaDE. mAtinalli E rIti gondala nityavU iruttade — cintisi ODalAGuttade. kannaDa-ingliS koSagaLalli kUDa halavAru pada halavAru arthagaLannu koNDiruttave.

“2000 varSagaLa sampradAya kaLedukoLLuttade”: sampradAya sari yenbudu pariKSisabEku — haLeyadu embudE suDAraNegE aDcaNe Agabarhadu. lipi oru sAdhana; pUjyada vastu alla.

“heccina akSaragaLu — heccina samxddhi”: bhASheya samxddhige lipiyannu akSaragaLa sanKyeyanu nODabArade — mAtannu nODabEku. ingliSinalli sumAru 26 akSaragaLu; kannaDadalli 31 akSaragaLu sAku — samxddhige yAva toDakkeyU illa.

“samskxta mElariMe illiddare?”: samskxta inDo-yUrOpiyan bhAShe; kannaDa drAviDa bhAShe. eraDu bErE bhAShe kuTumba. samskxta tandarige kannaDa magu alla.

“uccAraNe pratiDoddu bErE”: suDAraNe pratiDoddu uccAraNeyanu oDAnavAdAga sAruvudilla — bahujanara uccAraNe kannaDigarige nityavU hEge AguturuttadO hAgeyE bareyuvudu.

viShaya 5 — sAmAjika nyAya mattu samAropti

bhAgagaLu (P-series mattu 15–17)

📼 bhAgagaLu 15–17 →

(bhAgagaLu 15, 16, 17 kannaDavagalilla — mUla paThya dorakalavillDa)

I pustakada mUla mAthu — baraha suDAraNe sAmAjika nyAyada viShaya:

mElvarga makkaLu maneyalli samskxta eravalu padagaLa sari baraha nityavU kELuttAre — mAlI kELade adi kaLiyuttAre. keLavarga makkaLige I rIti maneyalli kELuva avakASa illa — shAlEyalli kaLisuvudu sADya adarE kaTTa hecca. I eraDu vargagaLa naDuve baraha-kaTTa vyatyAsa heccaguttade.

kUDubale (internet) kALadalli baraha-oduva sAmartyavE jIvana nadavalige mUla-janAnga. lEKa-kAnuka vyavahAra, mAhiti paDeyuvudu, rAjakIya bAgi-tanana — idu ellA baraha bEku. yAru odi bareyalAra avaru innobbara mElE avalambisabEku — idu sAmAjika zameNE (disempowerment).

karnATakadalli naDesuvAga sarvara sAkSaratvakke 2060 varSa takka kALa bEku ennisuttade. baraha suDAraNeyindindu I samaya kaDimeyAgabahu.

eraDu mUrta suDAraNe viShayagaLu:

  1. samskxta eravalu padagaLanu kaDime mADabEku — drAviDa mUlada svantada padagaLannu baLasabEku
  2. uLida eravalu padagaLannu kannaDigaru hEge uccAraNe mADuttArO hAgeyE bareyabEku

I eraDu badalAvaNe kannaDa makkaLige baraha kalisuvudu sUlabavAgisuttade — eLLara kannaDigarige baraha talaupuvante mADuvudu sAmAjika nyAya.

muKya parikalpanegaLu (Eke)

kannaDa lipi Eke artha
ಮಹಾಪ್ರಾಣ mahAprANa aspirated consonants
ಅಲ್ಪಪ್ರಾಣ alphaprANa unaspirated consonants
ಬಾರಿಗೆ / ಅಕ್ಕರ bArige / akkara letter / character
ಬರವಣಿಗೆಯ ಆಳ baravaNigeya ALa orthographic depth
ಸರಿಪಡಿಕೆ saripaDateke baraha suDAraNe
ಎರವಲು ಪದ eravalu pada Adalike pada
ಕೂಡುಬಲೆ kUDubale internet
ಕೆಳವರ್ಗ keLavarga lower class
ಮೇಲ್ವರ್ಗ mElvarga upper class
ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ನ್ಯಾಯ sAmAjika nyAya social justice
ಉಲಿ uli phoneme / uccAraNe
ಮೇಲರಿಮೆ mElariMe superiority complex
ವಿಸರ್ಗ visarga visarga diacritic
ನುಡಿ nuDi spoken language
ಬರಹ baraha written language