mAtu mattu barahada naDuvina gondala

lEkhakaru: Di. en. Sankara baT mULa: YouTube udangaLu — 44 bhAgagaLu odidaravaru: malati baT

mUla paThya (kannaDa lipi): kn/full.md ingliS viSlEShaNe: en/summary.md

oLapiDi

viShaya 1 — nuDi mAtu: baraha nuDiyalla

bhAgagaLu 1–5

📼 bhAgagaLu 1–5 →

DNS baT avara hEraDa vAkya (pustakami vebsaiT varNane):

nuDi embudu mAtallade barahavalla; nudiya illave mAtina ondu krutaka rUpavE baraha. mAtu makkaLa beLavaNigeya angavAgi talemArinindu talemArige sAguttA hOguttade; AdakaLena, adu yAvAgalU tanna jIvantikeyanu uLisikonDiruttade.

barahavanu makkaLige kalisabEkAguttade — AdakaLena, adu samaya kaLedante ella hecca hecca krutakavAguttA hOgi, tanna jIvantikeyanu kaLedukoLLuttade. adaralli jIvantike tumbalu adakkU mAtikU naDuviruva antaravanu barahagAraru kaDime mADuttirabbEkAguttade.

bhAga 5 (mUla viShaya — mAtu munda, baraha nantara):

ingliSinalli “language” emba pada lATin “lingua” (nAlige) indinda bandiruvu. I ettugeyu nuDi embudu mAtu embudanu tOruttade. baraha sumAru nAlku sAvira varSagaLa hindE SumEra mattu cIneyalli ArambavAyitu. kanna Dada mAtu A himde halavAru sAvira varSagaLu hanneya. mAtu modalu; baraha nantara.

bhAga 3 (samskxta — satta bhAShe):

samskxta halavAru varSagaLinda svalpa badalAvaNe Agilla. adu jIvanta bhASheyalla; baraha mAtra. kannaDa bhAShe kAla kALakke badalAvaNe AnOnDiruttade — haLeya kannaDa, naaDu kannaDa, nUtana kannaDa — ivu sAkSi. samskxta pANinIya vyAkaraNa niyama avanu “ninda biDuttade” — jIvanta bhAShe hAgeya sADyavilla.

(bhAga 1 kannaDavagalilla; bhAga 2 svalpa kannaDavagalilla — muKya bhAvagaLu dorakive)

viShaya 2 — baraha caritra: baraha hEge banditu

bhAgagaLu 6–9

📼 bhAgagaLu 6–9 →

baraha vyavasthe eraDu mukhya bhAgava: pada lipi (pratipadakke ondu cihne — cIna) mattu svana lipi (svanagaLannu pratiniDuvudu — kannaDa, ingliS).

bhAratadalli heccina lipigaLu brAmI lipiyinda beLedubandive. brAmI lipi uccAraNa aDipAyada mElE kankara vyanjana gaLannu paTTi mADide: ka ga Na / ca ja Na / Ta Da Na / ta da na / pa ba ma. I vaiJJAnika rIti.

mAtu modalu; baraha annantara. kannaDa mAtannu bareyuva kElasa sumAru eraDu sAvira varSagaLa hindE ArambavAyitu. adarE mAtu halavAru sAvira varSagaLinda svantantra nuDiyAgi iDe.

(bhAgagaLu 6–9 dorakide adarE I viShayada sariyAda paThya nODalu sADyavAgalilla)

viShaya 3 — bhAShe kalika: svAbAvika mAtu, kaLisa baraha

bhAgagaLu 13–14

📼 bhAgagaLu 13–14 →

bhAga 13 (makkaLu mAtu hEge kaLiyuttAre):

makkaLu mAtannu yAru kalisade kalikoLLuttAre. munce babbala — nantara ondu pada — nantara eraDu pada — nantara pUrNa vAkya. I krama prateya makkaLalli ondE AguturuttaDE. vAtavaraNavE kalisuttade; tAyi-tanDe vyAkaraNa padaDi kaLisuvudilla.

baraha ante alla: barahavanu innobbaru kaLisabbEku — I kALaka, I kattu, I niyamada mULaka. makkaLige baraha kalisuvudu varSagaLa kAlasa.

bhAga 14 (mAtu mattu baraha: bErE bErE kArya):

mAtanADida vAkya hAgeyE hOguttade — tidukkalu sADyavilla. baredadu uLiyuttade — tidukkabEku, pararA talaupabEku, bEre kALakke upayogisabEku.

barehadalli mAtinante sandarbha, hAvabAva, svanakELige illa. barahagAru I antaravanu mAtiganuvadante tumbAbEku — I kaLita sAmartyavE “bareyuva kala”.

viShaya 4 — baraha mattu AlOcane badalAvaNe

bhAgagaLu 17–24

📼 bhAgagaLu 17–24 →

bhAga 17 (mudraNa yantra mattu baraha badalAvaNe):

mudraNa yantra (15ane shatabmAna) baraha samskxtige heccina mArupADu tanditu. A munce illade iruvavugaLu bandive: shIrSike, upaShIrSike, pucca sakkhyegaLu, paDi sUci, sutra vAkya, paragrapagaLu. pustaka arjitavAgitu; odi bahujanara kElase AyItu.

mudraNa baraha “prAmANikate” — hELabahudu: I naDavina lEkhanagaLu sari, baLuvAda kannaDigarE odi mElike bAruvudu. I badalAvaNe baraha citrakke heccina shakyate koDitu.

bhAgagaLu 18–20 (bAyitana samAja mattu barehadha samAja):

bAyitana samAjadalli jJAna kathEgaLu, gurutugaLu, paramparagaLalli sangrahamAguttade. barehadha samAjadalli jJAna “vastu” AguturuttaDE: sUci mADabahudAda, vargIkarisabahudu, bErE bErE vargadalli joDisabahudu.

bAyitanada jangaLU barehadha jangaLU eraDU onde samAjadalli iruvAga — barehadhavarE sAdhAraNa DaniyuLLavarAgiddarindu — bAyitanadavarE tondareyu anubhavisuttAre.

(bhAgagaLu 21, 22 kannaDavagalilla; bhAga 25 dorakalavillDa — SSL doSa)

viShaya 5 — drAviDa bhAShe kuTumba

bhAgagaLu 27–32

📼 bhAgagaLu 27–32 →

bhAga 27 (canna kannaDa — drAviDa kuTumba):

kannaDa mattu tamiLu eraDU drAviDa bhAShe — ondE mUla drAviDa bhASheyindinda bandive. kannaDa munce bErEyAyitu — A nantara tamiLu, maLayALa, tuLu, koDagu ivugaLu bErEyAyiduve.

I sambandha hEge sAbitAguttade? stira uli hOlike mULaka: kannaDadalli reTroflex T iruvade, tamiLudalli t AguturuttaDE — I hOlike krama (niyamita). I niyamita uli hOlikeyE kuTumba sambandhada sAkSi.

samskxtadinda kannaDa bandide embudu tappAda tiLuvALike. kAraNa: kannaDa mattu samskxta naDuve vyAkaraNa, uli, mUla padakoSa — eliaDaLU vyatyAsa bahaLa dUra. kannaDa drAviDa bhAShe; samskxta indo-yUrOpiyan bhAShe.

bhAgagaLu 29–32 (drAviDa pada hOlike):

mUla drAviDa padakoSadalli: nAvu, nIvu, avanu emba sarvanamagaLu; hELu, koDu, malaugu emba kriyApada gaLu; biLi, kappu, hosi, haLe emba viSeSana padagaLu — ivellA samskxtEtara, drAviDa mUlada.

samskxta tatsama padagaLu nantara kannaDakke sEriduve; I padagaLu drAviDa uli vyavastEge sAmaJasyagondilla — avugaLannu kannaDa uccAraNEge anugaNave bareyabEku.

(bhAga 26 kannaDavagalilla)

viShaya 6 — baraha suDAraNe: mAtu-baraha antaravanu kaDime mADuvu

bhAgagaLu 34–38

📼 bhAgagaLu 34–38 →

bhAga 38 (canna kannaDa — baraha-mAtu vyatyAsa mattu suDAraNe):

I rIti vyatyAsagaLu eLLade AguturuttaDE: baraha ondu kALadalli sthiragOnDabiDuttade, mAtu badalAguttA hOguttade. ingliSinalli ee samasyave: “knight”, “rough”, “though” — baraha 15ne ShatabmAnada uccAraNeyanu haniDiruvu, nantara mAtu badalAyitu, baraha badalAgalilla.

pOrcugiS likhana panDigaLu sUDhAraNe mADi baraha-mAtu antaravanu kaDime mADigiddAre. jarmani, DAniSH bhAShe gaLallu sarkar baraha suDAraNegaLu naDeyisidave.

kannaDada svantada padagaLu samasyEyinda bErE tappisikonDive — kannaDa padagaLannu uccAraNEga anugaNave bareyuvudu. adarE samskxta Adalike padagaLannu samskxta baraha niyamadale bareyabEku annuvudu kaSTada niyama. makkaLige ee padagaLa baraha kaLisuvaLLi heccina kaTTa aguttade.

(bhAga 35 dorakalavillDa; bhAgagaLu 36, 37 kannaDavagalilla)

viShaya 7 — bhAShe jIvanta mattu sAvu

bhAgagaLu 39–44

📼 bhAgagaLu 39–44 →

bhAga 43 (canna kannaDa — satta bhAShe mattu aLida bhAShe):

bhAShe jIvantavAguvarEge makkaLu avanu tAyinuDiyAgi kalidukoLLuttAre — talaemArininda talaemArige badalAvaNE terukonDu sAguturuttaDE. ee rIti sAguva bhAShe “jIvanta bhAShe”.

samskxta makkaLige shAlEgaLalli kaLisuttAre — adarE avaru A bhASheyanu biTTu tamma tAyinuDige tiruguttAre. samskxta pANinI vyAkaraNa niyama biddukOnDiruvudu — badalAvaNE AguvudillE. AdakaLena adu “satta bhAShe”.

lATin kUDa satta bhAShe — satta endudarE aLidilla: vATikan, kaTolik cerci, viduvanmanDali adu bareyuttidE. adarE yAru makkaLu lATinnu tAyinuDiyAgi kalidukoLLuvudilla.

tamiLunADu sarkAru samskxta satta bhAShe endu hELidadu sari. cennay ucca nyAyAlaya tIrpAvu tappAda tIrpAvu.

bhAga 44 (samAropti — eraDu suDAraNegaLu):

kannaDa bareha mAtininda dUra sAritide — eraDu kAraNagaLindinda: (1) samskxta eravalu padagaLa heccu — kannaDigaru eraDanEya bhAShe ivugaLa hAke bALasuttide (2) ee eravalu padagaLannu samskxta baraha niyamadale bareyabEku enba kaTraLe — makkaLige ee padagaLa baraha kalisuvaLLi heccina kaTTa AguttAre

eraDu mArpADigaLannu mADidale: (1) samskxta eravalu padagaLanu kaDime mADabEku — drAviDa mUlada padagaLannu baLasabEku (2) uLida eravalu padagaLannu kannaDigaru hEge uccAraNe mADuttArO hAgeye bareyabEku

ee mArpADigaLu kannaDa bareha kalivaLLi mattu baLasivaLLi sUlabavAgabahu — eLLara kannaDigarige bareha talaupuvante mADuvudu sAmAjika nyadha.

(bhAgagaLu 39, 40, 41, 42 kannaDavagalilla; bhAga 44 svalpa kannaDavagalilla adarE samAropti viShaya dorakuttade)

muKya parikalpanegaLu (Eke)

kannaDa lipi Eke artha
ಮಾತು ಮತ್ತು ಬರಹ mAtu mattu baraha mAtu mattu baraha
ಗೊಂದಲ gondala gondala / takarar
ನುಡಿ / ಭಾಷೆ nuDi / bhAShe bhAShe
ಕ್ರುತಕ ರೂಪ krutaka rUpa krutaka rUpa (artificial form)
ಜೀವಂತ ಭಾಷೆ jIvanta bhAShe jIvanta bhAShe
ಸತ್ತ ಭಾಷೆ satta bhAShe satta bhAShe (dead language)
ಅಳಿದ ಭಾಷೆ aLida bhAShe aLida bhAShe (extinct language)
ದ್ರಾವಿಡ drAviDa drAviDa
ಮಾರ್ಪಾಡು mArpADu mArpADu / badalAvaNe
ಎರವಲು ಪದ eravalu pada Adalike pada
ತತ್ಸಮ tatsama samskxta mUla eravalu pada
ಬರಿಗೆ ತನ barige tana barahada sAmartyavuLLiruvu
ಬಾಯಿ ತನ bAyi tana mAtanADuva sAmartyavuLLiruvu
ಮುಂದ್ರಾವಿಡ mundrAviDa mUla drAviDa
ಶಾಸನ SAsan kalla lEkhana
ಉಚ್ಚಾರಣೆ uccAraNe uccaraNe
ಮುದ್ರಣ ಯಂತ್ರ mudraNa yantra gutenbarg yantra