nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa — Blog Series
lEkhakaru: DA. Di. en. Sankara baT
prakaTaNe: dnshankarabhat.net (2014–2024)
sambandhita grantha: 18 — kannaDa nuDiya bagege cintane
sangraha: 13 bhAgagaLu labhya (saraNi sankhye: [11, 2, 3, 10, 14, 18, 20, 23, 27, 28, 29, 33, 35])
paricaya
kannaDa nuDiyarime (linguistics) kurita vividha viShayagaLa mEle DA. baT avaru bareda blAg saraNi. kannaDa nuDiya baraha, uccAraNe, vyAkaraNa, padaracane, drAviDa bhAShAkuTumba, nuDiya svarUpa muntAda vividha amSagaLa mEle saraLa kannaDadalli bareda lEkhanagaLa saraNi.
pariviDi
- bhAga 11: arimeya padagaLige kannaDavE mElu
- bhAga 2: maneya horagaDe aDigemane pAkaSAleyAgabEkE?
- bhAga 3: padagaLannu Oduva hAgeyE bareyabEku
- bhAga 10: Oduva hAgeyE bareyuvudu
- bhAga 14: barahakke mElme bandudu hEge?
- bhAga 18: nuDigaLa naDuvina nanTastike
- bhAga 20: barahadalli yAvudu sari, yAvudu tappu?
- bhAga 23: kannaDa nuDi eSTu haLeyadu?
- bhAga 27: pada mattu adara huruLu
- bhAga 28: eNikeyallU halavu bagegaLive
- bhAga 29: padagaLa hinnaDavaLiyannu ariyuva bage
- bhAga 33: kannaDa nuDiya sogaDu
- bhAga 35: drAviDa nuDigaLu aydalla, ippattAru!
bhAga 11: arimeya padagaLige kannaDavE mElu
dinAnka: 2014-04-14
mUla URL: http://dnshankarabhat.net/%e0%b2%85%e0%b2%b0%e0%b2%bf%e0%b2%ae%e0%b3%86%e0%b2%af-%e0%b2%aa%e0%b2%a6%e0%b2%97%e0%b2%b3%e0%b2%bf%e0%b2%97%e0%b3%86-%e0%b2%95%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%8d%e0%b2%a8%e0%b2%a1%e0%b2%b5%e0%b3%87-%e0%b2%ae/
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 11
kannaDadalli arimeya (pAribASika) padagaLannu unTumADabEkAdAgalella heccina arivigarU samskruta padagaLannE ArisikoLLuttAre; idakkAgi kannaDadavE Ada padagaLannu baLasuvudu tumbA aparUpa.
I kAraNakkAgi, kannaDadavendu hELalAguva heccina arimeya padakOSagaLallU ivattu nUrakke embattaraSTu illavE adakkintalU heccu samskruta padagaLannu kANabahudu. kannaDa arivigara I niluvinindAgi, ivattu kannaDada arimeya barahagaLu samskruta padagaLinda tumbi tuLukuttive.
hindina kAladalli kannaDadalli bareyuvavarige bEkAgiruva heccina tiLivugaLU samskrutadallidduvu; hAgAgi, avannu kannaDakke tarabEkAdAga, adakke bEkAguva arimeya padagaLalli heccinavannU samskrutadindalEnE eravalu paDeyalAguttittu, mattu Avattige adu sariyAda dAriyAgittu.
Adare, ivattu arimeya (vijnAnada) barahagArarige bEkAguva heccina tiLivugaLU ingliSnallive; hAgAgi, avannu ingliSninda kannaDakke tarabEkAdAga, adakke bEkAguva padagaLannu ingliSninda eravalu paDeyuvudu, illavE kannaDadallEnE hosadAgi unTumADikoLLuvudu emba eraDu dArigaLu ivattina maTTige sariyAduvu.
hIgiddarU, kannaDada barahagAraru ivattigU arimeya padagaLAgi samskruta padagaLannu baLasuva haLeya sampradAyavannE munduvarisuttiddAre; tamage bEkAgiruva padagaLu samskrutadallillavAdare, hosa padagaLannu samskrutadallEnE unTumADi kannaDakke taruvantaha innondu vicitravAda sampradAyavannU avaru huTTuhAkikonDiddAre.
hIge mADuttiruvudakkAgi, avaru kelavu nevagaLannU koDuttiddAre: ingliSnalli arimeya padagaLAgi lyATin illavE grIk padagaLannu baLasuva hAge kannaDadalli samskruta padagaLannu baLasalAguttadeyembudu ivugaLallondu.
Adare, ingliSge lyATin iruva hAge kannaDakke samskruta alla; yAkendare, ingliS mattu lyATingaLu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sErive, mattu kannaDa mattu samskrutagaLu bEre bEre nuDikuTumbagaLige sErive. ingliSge bEkAguva padagaLannu lyATinnalli unTumADidAga heccina tondaregaLEnU edurAguvudilla; Adare, kannaDakke bEkAguva padagaLannu samskrutadalli unTumADidAga halavu tondaregaLu edurAguttave:
ingliSnalli mukyavAgi navn, varab, mattu ejakTiv embudAgi mUru bageya padagaLive; kannaDadallU intahavE mUru bageya padagaLive. Adare, samskrutadalli mukyavAgi nAmapada mattu kriyApada emba eraDu bageya padagaLu mAtra ive.
hAgAgi, ingliSna arimeya padagaLige samanAda padagaLannu samskrutadalli unTumADi kannaDakke tarahOdare, navn mattu ejakTivgaLa naDuvina vyatyAsavannu avugaLalli sariyAgi tOrisalu baruvudilla. I tondareyindAgi, ivattu baLakeyalliruva arimeya padakOSagaLalli tumbA gondalavunTAgiruvudannu kANabahudu.
arimeya barahagaLalli kannaDa padagaLannu baLasidare, avu samskruta padagaLa hAge kacitavAda huruLannu koDalAravu embudu innondu neva; Adare, samskruta padagaLu kannaDadalli unTumADuttiruva mElina gondalavE idannu taLLihAkuttade.
ivattu ingliSnalli kampyUTarge sambandisida halavu arimeya padagaLannu dinabaLakeya padagaLannu baLasiyE unTumADalAguttide; mavs ‘ili’, vinDOs ‘kiTiki’, TrI ‘mara’, veb ‘bale’ embantaha I padagaLindAgi gondalavEnU unTAda hAge kANisuvudilla.
hAgAgi, kannaDada arimeya padagaLigAgi samskrutada morehoguva ivattina sampradAyavannu biTTukoDuvudE oLLeyadu. ingliSninda arimeya barahagaLannu kannaDakke taruvAga, kannaDa padagaLa sogaDannu keDisadantaha ingliS padagaLannu uLisikoLLabahudu, mattu adannu keDisuvantaha padagaLa badalu kannaDadavE Ada padagaLannu baLasi hosa padagaLannu unTumADikoLLabahudu; idE kannaDakke sariyAda dAri.
illi innondu viSayavannU otti hELabEkAgide: ingliSninda arimeya barahagaLannu kannaDakke taruvAga, eraDu mukya gurigaLigAgi nAvu avugaLalliruva ingliS padagaLige badalAgi kannaDadavE Ada padagaLannu baLasalu hOguttEve: hAge mADuva mUlaka baraha Enannu tiLisuttade embudu kannaDigarige sulabavAgi tiLiyuvantAgabEku embudondu, mattu kannaDada sogaDu keDadante uLiyabEku embudinnondu.
ittIcege kampyUTargaLige sambandisida kelavu kaypiDigaLalli heccina ingliS padagaLannU hAgeyE uLisiruvudannu kANabahudu. ingliS padagaLa huruLu gottiruvavaru mAtra avannu Odi tiLidukoLLaballaru, mattu avugaLalli kannaDada sogaDu pUrati keTTuhOgiruttade; endare, mElina eraDu gurigaLannU avu talapuvudE illa.
intaha kaypiDigaLalli baruva ingliS padagaLige badalAgi samskruta padagaLannu baLasidarU pariNAma ondE: avannu Odi tiLiyalu ingliS padagaLa badalu samskruta padagaLa huruLu gottirabEku, mattu avu kannaDada sogaDannu keDisadiruvudilla. endare, intaha barahagaLU mElina eraDu gurigaLannu talapuvudE illa.
halavu heccina samskruta padagaLa huruLugaLannu kaliyuvudakkintalU mUla barahadallidda ingliS padagaLa huruLugaLannu kaliyuvudE kannaDigara maTTige oLLeyadallavE? yAkendare, munde heccina tiLivannu paDeyabEkendiruvavarige ingliS padagaLa tiLivu neravAgaballudu; Adare, samskruta padagaLa tiLivu yAva neravannU nIDalAravu.
arimeya barahagaLinda tiLivannu paDeyuvudu mAtravallade, adannu orege haccuva mattu avugaLallillada hosa tiLivannu kanDuhiDiyuva kelasavannU nAvindu naDesabEkAgide. heccu heccu samskruta illavE ingliS padagaLannu baLasiruva barahagaLannu kaSTapaTTu ariyuvudaralliyE namma samayavella kaLeduhOguttade. avannu orege haccuva mattu hosa tiLivannu kanDuhiDiyuva kelasadallU namma kalivigaru toDagabEkiddalli, arimeya padagaLalli heccinavU kannaDadavE AgirabEku.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 2: maneya horagaDe aDigemane pAkaSAleyAgabEkE?
dinAnka: 2014-04-14
mUla URL: https://dnshankarabhat.net/%e0%b2%ae%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%86%e0%b2%af-%e0%b2%b9%e0%b3%8a%e0%b2%b0%e0%b2%97%e0%b2%a1%e0%b3%86-%e0%b2%85%e0%b2%a1%e0%b2%bf%e0%b2%97%e0%b3%86%e0%b2%ae%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%86-%e0%b2%aa%e0%b2%be%e0%b2%95/
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 2
kannaDigara padabaLakeya viSayadalli ondu sOjigada sangatiyide. adEnendu tiLiyalu kelavu ettugegaLannu tegedukoLLONa:
maneyalli aDigemane, UTadakONe ennuva nAvu sammELanagaLantaha sandarabagaLalli avugaLa badalAgi pAkaSAle, bOjanaSAle ennuttEve. baTTeyangaDige hOguttEne ennuttEve; Adare, antaha angaDigaLige hesaru koDabEkAdAga, vastrAlaya illavE vastrabanDAra emba hesarugaLaSTE hoLeyuttave. tinDigaLannu mAruva angaDi tinDimaneyAgibiTTare adEnO mujugara, upahAragruhavE AgabEku.
nAyiya kuritu bareda barahadalli uddakkU nAyi emba padavE baLakeyAgideyAdarU, talebarahadalli mAtra SvAnaviddaraSTE nemmadi. maduveya kareyOle kaLuhisuva badalu vivAha AmantraNa kaLisidare mAtra maduvege baruttArEnO emba anisike nammalli halavaralliddantide.
hAgeyE, pustakagaLige hesaru koDuvallU baLakeyalliruva padagaLiginta baLakeyallillada mattu heccu mandige tiLiyada padagaLE candavendu halavu barahagArarige anisuttade. manegaLige, angaDigaLige, kUTagaLige, illavE halavu bageya hammugegaLige hesaru koDabEkAgiruvallU namma oDalininda nEravAgi baruva padagaLu takkavendu tOruvudE illa; dUradaraSana, dinapatrike, uccaSikSaNa, nirudyOga samasye, janagaNane, lOkAyukta, paTyapustaka modalAda halavu bageya padagaLannu unTumADuvalli kUDa idE sOjigavannu kANabahudu.
intaha halavAru ‘mElmaTTada’ sannivESagaLalli namma nAligegaLige tantAnE baruva padagaLu – endare kannaDadavE Ada padagaLu – baLakege takkavalla, mEle kANisidante samskrutadinda eravalu paDeda padagaLE takkavu emba kILarime nammalli heccinavarallide. idondu sOjigavallade mattEnu?
hindina kAladalli kannaDa nuDi samskrutada kaLegeTTa rUpa emba anisike halavu kannaDa panDitarallittu; kannaDa padagaLiginta samskruta padagaLu mElmaTTadavu embudAgi avaru tiLiyuttiddudakke I tappu anisike kAraNavAgittu; Adare, nijakkU kannaDa samskrutada kaLegeTTa rUpa alla, adakkinta tIra bErAgiruva ondu svatantravAda nuDi embudannu ivattu nAvu kanDukonDiddEve. hAgAgi, ivattigU samskruta padagaLu kannaDa padagaLinda mElmaTTadavu endu bAvisuvudakke yAva AdAravU illa.
I rIti hosapadagaLannu unTumADabEkAgiruvalli kannaDadavE Ada padagaLannu baLasadiruvudakke avugaLa kuritAgi kILarime iruvudu ondu kAraNavAdare, tamage bEkAgiruva hosa padagaLannu unTumADuva aLavu kannaDakkilla emba tappu kalpane innondu kAraNa. samskrutadalliruvaSTu oTTu(pratyaya)gaLu mattu padagaLu kannaDadallilla; hAgAgi, halavu bageya padagaLannu hosadAgi unTumADuvalli samskrutada morehogade bEre dAriyE illa emba anisike halavarallide.
Adare, idu tappu anisike. entaha viSayavannu bEkiddarU tiLisalu bEkAguvantaha padagaLannu mattu sollugaLannu unTumADuva aLavu kannaDakkide. ellA svAbAvikavAgi beLedubanda nuDigaLigU intaha aLavu iruttade. kannaDada I aLavu entahadu embudannu sariyAgi tiLidukonDu, adannu baLasi, kannaDakke bEkAgiruva hosa padagaLannu kannaDadallEnE unTumADalu baruttade. antaha hosa padagaLiruva baravaNigeyannu heccu heccu kannaDigaru sulabavAgi Odi tiLidukoLLaballaru, mattu baravaNigeya mUlaka naDeyuva carcegaLalli sakriyavAgi pAlgoLLalU ballaru. baravaNigeya guriyE idallave?
ellA nuDigaLigU avugaLadE Ada padagaLa sogaDu embudiruttade; kannaDa padagaLa sogaDu samskruta padagaLa sogaDiginta tIra bErAgide. kannaDa barahadalli heccu heccu samskruta padagaLannu baLasidantella, adara padagaLa sogaDu mareyAguttA hOguttade, mattu adannu Odi tiLiyuva kelasa kannaDigarige heccu heccu toDakinadAguttA hOguttade.
hAgAgi, kannaDa barahagaLalli heccu heccu eravalu padagaLannu baLasahOgade, adara padagaLa sogaDannu uLisikoLLabEku ennuvudu bariya abimAnada praSne mAtra alla; kannaDa baraha ellA kannaDigarannU talapabEku mattu ellA kannaDigarindalU horabarabEkemba mukyavAda guriyannu muTTuva praSneyU havdu.
ittIcege kannaDadalli arimeya (pAribASika) padagaLannu unTumADuvavaru I viSayavannu pUrati maretiruvante kANuttade. kannaDadavE Ada padagaLu avara kaNNige kANisade hOguttive. avaru unTumADiruva padakOSagaLalli nUrakke tombattaraSTu samskrutadinda eravalu paDeda, illavE samskrutadalli hosadAgi unTumADi kannaDakke eravalu tanda padagaLE kANisikoLLuttave; intaha padakOSagaLannu kannaDa padakOSagaLendu kareyuttiruvudu nijakkU accariya viSayavAgide!
ingliSnalliruva halavu arimeya padagaLu kannaDada sollugaLalli sariyAgi hondikoLLuvudilla, avannu baLasida sollugaLu sikkalu sikkalAgi kANisikoLLuttave, mattu avannu Odi tiLidukoLLuva kelasa kannaDigarige tumbA toDakinadAguttade. hAgAgi, nAvu avugaLa badalu bEre kannaDadavE Ada arimeya padagaLannu unTumADalu hOguttEve.
Adare, hAge padagaLannu unTumADabEkiruvalli kannaDadavE Ada padagaLannu baLasuva badalu samskruta padagaLannu baLasidevAdare, nammavE Ada padagaLannu unTumADuvudara hindiruva mukyavAda guriyannu nAvu talapuvudE illa. yAkendare, ingliS eravalugaLa hAge halavu samskruta eravalugaLU kannaDada sollugaLalli sariyAgi hondikoLLuvudilla, mattu avannu baLasida sollugaLu sikkalu sikkalAgiyE uLiyuttave. avannu Odi, avu tiLisuva viSayagaLannu tiLidukoLLuva kelasavU tumbA toDakinadAgiyE uLiyuttade.
samskruta padagaLannu baLasi paLagiruva kannaDa barahagArarige mattu Odugarige tumbA samskruta padagaLannu baLasiruva barahagaLU aSTondu toDakinavendu anisadirabahudu. idakke kAraNavEnendare, avaru kannaDa padagaLa sogaDannu mAtravallade samskruta padagaLa sogaDannU tammadAgisikonDiruttAre.
Adare, heccina kannaDigarigU antaha barahagaLu toDakinavAgi kANisuttave; avara ADunuDigaLalli tumbA kaDime samskruta eravalugaLu baLakeyAguttiruvudu, mattu hAge baLakeyAguttiruvavU kannaDa padagaLa sogaDige hondikeyAguvante mArapaTTiruvudu idakke kAraNa.
hAgAgi, kannaDa barahagaLu ellA kannaDigarannU talapabEkiddalli, mattu ellA kannaDigarindalU horahommabEkiddalli, avugaLalli baLakeyAguva eravalu padagaLannu, avu samskrutadavirali illavE ingliSinavirali, AdaSTu kaDime mADalu prayatnisabEku, mattu baLasalEbEkendiruvavu kannaDada sogaDannu keDisadante avugaLalli mArapADugaLannu mADikoLLabEku.
ellA maTTada baLakegaLigU kannaDa padagaLu takkudAduvu embudannu kannaDada barahagAraru mattu kannaDadalli hosa padagaLannu unTumADuvavaru managANabEku, mattu mElmaTTada baLakegaLige kannaDadavE Ada padagaLannu baLasuvudu hemmeya viSayavaSTE alla, baravaNigeya mukya guriyannu muTTuva bageyU havdemba anisike avaralli beLedubarabEku.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 3: padagaLannu Oduva hAgeyE bareyabEku
dinAnka: 2014-04-14
mUla URL: https://dnshankarabhat.net/%e0%b2%aa%e0%b2%a6%e0%b2%97%e0%b2%b3%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%8d%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%81-%e0%b2%93%e0%b2%a6%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%b5-%e0%b2%b9%e0%b2%be%e0%b2%97%e0%b3%86%e0%b2%af%e0%b3%87-%e0%b2%ac%e0%b2%b0%e0%b3%86/
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 3
kannaDadalli kannaDadavE Ada padagaLannu Oduva hAgeyE bareyuttEve; Adare, samskrutadinda eravalu paDeda padagaLannu mAtra Oduva hAge bareyade, heccukaDime samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE bareyuttEve: viSESa embudAgi OdidarU viSESha embudAgi bareyuttEve, mattu adikAri embudAgi OdidarU adhikAri embudAgi bareyuttEve.
samskrutavannu horatupaDisi bEre nuDigaLinda eravalu paDeda padagaLannella Oduva hAge bareyuttEvallade, A nuDigaLalliruva hAge bareyalu hOguvudilla. ingliSna vaypar mattu vayras padagaLa modala baregegaLu ingliSnalli bErAgive, Adare kannaDadalli va emba ondE barigeyannu baLasalAguttade. averaDannU ondE rIti OduttiruvudE idakke kAraNa.
ondu barahadalli padagaLannu Oduva hAge bareyade bEre bageyalli bareyabEkAgideyAdare, adu antaha barahavannu kaliyuvavarige mattu baLasuvavarige halavu bageya toDakugaLannu tandoDDuttade; kannaDa barahada I sampradAya mukyavAgi keLage koTTiruvantaha toDakugaLannu koDuttide:
(1) Odalu mattu bareyalu kaliyahoraDuva makkaLu anavaSyakavAgi hadinELu heccina barige(akSara)gaLannu kaliyabEkAguttade.
(2) sariyAgi mattu salIsAgi Odalu kaliyabEkiddalli, padagaLannu uligaLa jODaNeyinda unTumADalAgide (ettugege, mane embudannu m, a, n mattu e emba uligaLa jODaNeyinda unTumADalAgide) embudannu gamanisabEku, mattu I uligaLannu sUcisuvudakkAgi barahadalli barigegaLannu baLasalAguttade embudannU gamanisabEku. iveraDannu gamanisidavaru barahadalli hosa hosa padagaLu bandAgalU avannu sulabavAgi OdaballavarAguttAre.
padagaLannu Oduva hAgeyE baredideyAdare mAtra, I rIti OduvAga baLasuva uligU barahadalli kANisuva barigegaLigU naDuve sambandavide embudu Odalu kaliyuvavara gamanakke sulabavAgi baruttade.
Oduva hAge bareyade bEre bageyalli padagaLannu baredideyAdare, avugaLalli baruva barigegaLigU uligaLigU naDuve intahadondu sambandavideyembudu heccinavara gamanakkU baruvudE illa, mattu idarindAgi eSTu kalitarU avarige salIsAgi Odalu baruvudE illa. barahadalli hosa hosa padagaLu bandAga avannu hEge OdabEkembudu avarige gottAguvudU illa.
(3) Oduva hAge bareyuva padagaLannu barahagaLalli baLasuvudu sulaba; bEre bageyalli bareyuva ondondu padavannU adannu bareyuvudu hEge embudannu nenapinallirisikoLLabEkAguttade; mane emba padavannu Oduva hAgeyE bareyuva kAraNa, adannu hEge bareyuvudembudannu nenapinallirisikoLLabEkAgilla.
Adare, viSESha emba padavannu bareyuvAga eraDaneya mucculiyannu S embudAgi, mattu mUraneya mucculiyannu Sh embudAgi bareyabEkembudannu nenapinallirisikoLLabEkAguttade; yAkendare, averaDannU ondE rItiyalli OdalAguttade.idannu nenapinalliTTukoLLalAradavaru baravaNigeyalli tappu mADuttAre.
ivattu dinapatrikegaLalli, kate-kAdambarigaLalli, mattu bEre bageya barahagaLalli ati heccu tappugaLu kANisuvudu Oduva hAge bareyadiruva mahAprANAkSara, ShakAra, xkAra modalAda barigegaLiruva samskruta padagaLa baLakeyalli embudannu gamanisabahudu.
(4) sAmAnyavAgi janaru padakOSagaLannu nODalu hOguvudu hosadAgi avara Odinalli kANisikoLLuva padagaLa huruLEnembudannu tiLiyuvudakkAgi; Adare, Oduva hAge bareyadiruva viSESha, adhikAri modalAda padagaLannu avugaLa huruLEnembudannu tiLiyuvudakkintalU avannu bareyuvudu hEge embudannu tiLiyuvudakkAgi padakOSagaLannu nODabEkAguttade. Oduva hAgeyE bareyuva yAva padavannU I rIti avannu bareyuvudu hEge embudannu tiLiyalu padakOSavannu nODabEkAguvudilla.
(5) keLavaragada makkaLalli intaha padagaLa kalike kILarimeyannu unTumADuttade; avu koDuva tondareyindAgi kelavaru barahada kalikeyannu naDuvinallE nillisibiDuttAre. Odalu kalitavarU adannu tumbA aparUpavAgi mAtra baLasuttAre. yAkendare, avarige salIsAgi Oduvudu hEge embudu tiLidiruvudilla.
samAjagaLalli halavAru bageya sampradAyagaLu bEre bEre kAraNagaLigAgi baLakege baruttave, mattu avugaLinda samAjakke prayOjanagaLEnU illadiddarU, heccina tondareyillavAdalli avu hAgeyE varaSagaTTale samaya munduvariyuttiruttave.
samskrutada eravalu padagaLannu samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE bareyabEkembudU intahadE ondu sampradAya. adarinda kannaDa barahada maTTige yAva prayOjanavU illa. haLegannaDada samayadalli intaha padagaLannu samskrutadallidda hAgeyE bareyabahudittu, illavE kannaDada sogaDannu keDisadante avannu mArapaDisi tadbavagaLannAgi mADiyU baLasabahudittu. AnDayyana kabbigara kAvadalli antaha tadbava padagaLannu mAtra baLasalAgide.
Adare, ivattu hosagannaDadalli barahagAraru I Aykeyannu kaLedukonDiddAre. baLakeyalliruva kelavE kelavu tadbava padagaLannu horatupaDisi, uLida ellA samskruta padagaLannU ivattu samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE bareyabEkAgide. avugaLalli yAvudE bageya mArapADannu naDesidarU adannu tappendu tiLiyalAguttade.
monne monneya varegU I sampradAya heccina tondareyannEnU koDuttiralilla. yAkendare, samAjadalli mElvaragakke sErida kelavE kelavu mandi mAtra barahavannu baLasabEkAgittu, mattu avaralli heccinavarU kannaDadondige samskrutavannU kaliyuttiddaru; hAgAgi, I sampradAyavannu munduvarisikonDuhOguvudu avarige toDakinadAgiralilla.
Adare, ivattu ellA varagada janaru mattu ellarU barahavannu baLasabEkAgide. yAkendare, ivattu samAjadalli barahakke antahadondu prAmukyate bandide. barahavannu baLasalu tiLiyadavaru munde baralu sAdyavE illa, mattu antaha halavu mandi janariruva samAja ELigeyAgalU sAdyavE illa emba paristiti ivattinadAgide.
I rIti kannaDa barahavannu baLasalu kaliyalE bEkAgiruva janaralli heccinavarigU samskrutada arivu bEkAgilla; adakkintalU avarige ingliS nuDiya arivu heccina neravu nIDaballudu. hAgAgi, avara maTTige samskruta padagaLannu samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE bareyabEkemba mElina sampradAya ondu heccina toDakannu mAtra tandoDDuttadallade, adarinda avaru paDeyabahudAda prayOjana yAvudU illa.
I rIti kannaDada maTTige yAva prayOjanavannU nIDada, halavu mandi kannaDigarige toDakannu mAtravE koDuva, mattu namma samAjada ELigegU toDakAgiruva I sampradAyavannu biTTukoDuvudE jANatana. idu ondUvare-eraDu sAvira varaSada hindina samAjakkAgi mADikonDidda sampradAya. indina samAja Aginadakkinta tIra bEreyAgide. hIgiruvAgalU A haLeya sampradAyavannu toreyalu hinjariyuvudendare, appa neTTa Alada maravendu nENu hAkikoLLuva hAge.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 10: Oduva hAgeyE bareyuvudu
dinAnka: 2014-04-14
mUla URL: http://dnshankarabhat.net/%e0%b2%93%e0%b2%a6%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%b5-%e0%b2%b9%e0%b2%be%e0%b2%97%e0%b3%86%e0%b2%af%e0%b3%87-%e0%b2%ac%e0%b2%b0%e0%b3%86%e0%b2%af%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%b5%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%a6%e0%b3%81/
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 10
samskrutadinda eravalAgi paDeda padagaLannu kannaDa barahagaLalli Oduva hAgeyE bareyabEku endu hELidare, ellarU avaravaru hEge OduttArO hAge bareyabahudu, illavE ellarU tamage kuSibanda hAge bareyabahudu endu hELida hAgAguvudilla; antaha pratikriye bAradante nAnu heccina kannaDigarU hEge OduttArO hAge bareyabEku embudAgi baredidde. I padagaLannu ivattu heccina kannaDigarU hEge OduttiddAre embudannu tiLivigaru kanDuhiDiyabEku, mattu adakke anusAravAgi, avannu hEge bareyabEku embudannu tIramAnisabEku.
barahada mUlaka nAvu namma anisikegaLannu innobbarige tiLisuttEve, mattu baraha rUpadalliruva innobbara anisikegaLannu Odina mUlaka tiLidukoLLuttEve. I eraDu kelasagaLU sariyAgi naDeyabEkiddalli, ellarU heccukaDime ondE bageyalli bareyuva mattu Oduva kelasagaLannu naDesabEkAguttade. I kelasagaLannu ivattu SAlegaLalli kalisalAguttadeyAda kAraNa, ellarU heccukaDime ondE bageyalli bareyuvante mattu Oduvante mADuvudu toDakina kelasavEnalla.
SakAravannu heccina kannaDigarU SakAravAgiyE OduttArallade sakAravAgi badalAyisi Oduvudilla. Adare, ShakAravannu heccinavarU SakAravAgi badalAyisi OduttAre. hAgAgi, samskruta eravalugaLalli baruva ShakAravannu SakAravAgi badalAyisi bareyabEku, mattu SakAravannu hAgeyE uLisabEku emba tIramAnakke barabEkAguttade.
idE rItiyalli, xkAra, mahAprANa, visaraga modalAda bEre kelavu barigegaLa viSayadallU heccina kannaDigara Odu hEgideyembudannu kanDuhiDidu, adakkanusAravAgi baravaNigeyannu badalAyisabEku. hIge mADidalli, kannaDa barahavannu kaliyuva mattu baLasuva kelasa sulabavAgaballudu, mattu ellA kannaDigarU barahaballavarAguvante mADuva kelasavU sulabavAgaballudu.
haLegannaDada RakAra mattu ZakAragaLannu heccina kannaDigarU hEge OduttAre embudannu gamanisi, hosagannaDavannu barahadalli baLasalu toDagida kAladalli avannu rakAra mattu LakAragaLAgi badalAyisi bareyalu toDagalAyitu. I mArapADannu mADiradiddare, ivattu kannaDa barahavannu kaliyuva mattu baLasuva kelasa innaSTu toDakinadAguttittu. samskruta eravalugaLalli baruva barigegaLannu Oduva hAge bareyuvante mArapaDisuvudU intahadE ondu kelasa embudannu illi gamanisabEku.
iSTara varege I padagaLannu samskrutadallidda hAgeyE bareyuttiddudakke eraDu mukya kAraNagaLidduvu: hindina kAladalli hosa hosa tiLivugaLannu kanDuhiDidavarella adannu samskrutadalli baredirisuttiddaru; hAgAgi, yAvudE ondu viSayadalli hosa tiLivannu paDeyabEkiddarU samskrutada morehogabEkAgittu.
idarindAgi samskruta barahakke ondu bageya mElme bandittu; adara padagaLannu kannaDadalliyU samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE uLisikoLLuvudarinda, munde samskruta barahagaLannu Odalu kaliyuva kelasa kannaDigarige sulabavAgabahudAgittu. kannaDa Odina kalike munde naDesalEbEkAgidda samskruta Odige ondu meTTalAgabahudAgittu. idu ondu kAraNa.
Adare, ivattu hosa hosa tiLivugaLannu kanDuhiDidiruvavaru yArU adannu samskrutadalli bareyalu hOguvudilla; hAgAgi, hindina kAladalli adakkidda mElme indu uLidilla, mattu adara padagaLannu adara barahagaLalliruva hAge bareyalu kaliyuva avaSyakateyU ivattu kannaDigarigilla.
hindina kAladalli kannaDa barahavannu kaliyuva mattu baLasuva kelasavannu mukyavAgi uttaradinda valasebanda mElvaragada janaru naDesuttiddaru; ArayarAgidda ivarige samskrutada mEle heccina Adara mattu pUjyabAvagaLidduvu. hAgAgi, adara padagaLannu mArapaDisade uLisuvudu avara maTTige avaSyavAgittu. idu innondu kAraNa.
Adare, ivattu ellA varagagaLige sErida kannaDigarU kannaDa barahavannu baLasalu kaliyabEkAgide. ivaralli heccinavarU drAviDa mUladavarAgiddu, avara maTTige samskruta padagaLannu mArapaDisade uLisikoLLuvudu antaha ondu pUjyavAda viSayavE alla; adarinda avarige bEre prayOjanagaLU dorakuvudilla. hAgAgi, samskruta eravalugaLannu kannaDada sogaDannu keDisadante mArapaDisuvudakke heccina kannaDigarindalU virOda baralAradu.
bEre nuDigaLinda eravalAgi paDeda padagaLannu yAva nuDiyallU A nuDiyalliruva hAge bareyalu hOguvudilla; idakke kelavE kelavu horapaDikegaLu mAtra ive. ettugegAgi, samskruta illavE prAkruta baravaNigegaLige baLakeyAguttidda brAhmI lipiyannu kannaDadantaha kelavu nuDigaLige aLavaDisuvAga, samskrutada eravalugaLannu samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE bareyalu bEkAguva kelavu heccina barigegaLannu uLisikoLLalAyitu, mattu I kAraNakkAgi, I nuDigaLa barahagaLalli samskruta eravalugaLannu A nuDiyalliruva hAgeyE bareyuva holabu baLakege bantu.
idE rItiyalli, arEbik baravaNigegaLige baLakeyAguttidda lipiyannu TarakiSnantaha kelavu nuDigaLige aLavaDisuvAga, arEbik eravalugaLannu bareyalu bEkAguva kelavu heccina barigegaLannu uLisikoLLalAyitu, mattu I kAraNakkAgi, I nuDigaLa barahagaLalli arEbik eravalugaLannu A nuDiyalliruva hAgeyE bareyuva holabu baLakege bantu.
Adare, ellA nuDigaLU I rIti bErondu nuDiya lipiyannu tamma nuDige aLavaDisikoLLuvAga A nuDiya padagaLannu adaralliruvante bareyalu bEkAguva heccina barigegaLannu uLisikoLLalilla; ettugegAgi, nAgari lipiyannu panjAbi nuDige aLavaDisuvAga, ShakAra, xkAra, halavu bageya ottubarigegaLu modalAduvannu uLisikonDilla; I kAraNakkAgi, samskruta eravalu padagaLannu ivattu panjAbi barahadalli Oduva hAge bareyalAguttadeyallade samskrutadalliruva hAge bareyuvudilla.
malayALa barahadallU modalige mahAprANAkSaragaLu, gajaDadaba modalAda A nuDige bEDadiruva halavu barigegaLu iralilla; samskruta barahagaLannu bareyalu, mattu kelavomme samskruta padagaLannu malayALa barahagaLalli bareyalu A samayadalli grantalipiyemba bEreyE ondu lipiyannu baLasalAguttittu.
Adare, hadinELanE SatamAnakkAguvAga, malayALa sAhityadalli brAhmaNara prAbalya heccAyitu; ivarige samskrutada mEle heccina olaviddudarinda, mattu ivara barahagaLalli tumbA samskruta padagaLu baLakeyAguttiddudarinda, ivaru tamma malayALa barahagaLallU granta lipiyannE baLasalu toDagidaru. idarindAgi, ivattina malayALa baraha kannaDa barahada hAgeyE anavaSyakavAgi toDakinadAgide.
ellA janarU barahaballavarAgabEkiruva ivattina dinagaLalli I rIti ondu nuDiya baravaNigege avaSyavillada barigegaLannu eravalu padagaLa baravaNigegAgi uLisikoLLuvudu jANatanavalla; idannu managanDa tiLivigaru Taraki, inDonESiyA, malayESiyA modalAda nADugaLalli arEbik mUlada lipiyannE biTTukoTTu rOman mUlada lipiyannu tamma barahakke aLavaDisikonDiddAre.
koriyAdantaha bEre kelavu nADugaLalli eravalu padagaLannu Oduva hAgeyE bareyalu toDaguva mUlaka I toDakannu nivArisikoLLalAgide. kannaDadalliyU intahadE mArapADannu nAvu ivattu naDesabEkAgide.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 14: barahakke mElme bandudu hEge?
dinAnka: 2014-04-14
mUla URL: https://dnshankarabhat.net/%e0%b2%ac%e0%b2%b0%e0%b2%b9%e0%b2%95%e0%b3%8d%e0%b2%95%e0%b3%86-%e0%b2%ae%e0%b3%87%e0%b2%b2%e0%b3%8d%e0%b2%ae%e0%b3%86-%e0%b2%ac%e0%b2%82%e0%b2%a6%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%a6%e0%b3%81-%e0%b2%b9%e0%b3%87/
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 14
monne monneya varegU samAjadalli kelavE kelavu mandi mAtra barahavannu kalitare sAkittu; uLidavarella adarinda dUravE uLiyabahudittu, mattu hIge barahadinda dUra uLidudarindAgi avarige jIvanadalli yAva tondareyU unTAguttiralilla.
Adare, ivattu ellA janarU barahavannu kaliyabEkAgide, mattu kalitu baLasuttirabEkAgide. yAkendare, hAge mADadavaralli heccinavarU ivattu tamma jIvanadalli sOtuhOguttiddAre. ondu samAjada ELigeyAgabEkiddarU adakke sErida janarella barahavannu kaliyuvudu mattu baLasuvudu ivattina maTTige atyavaSyavAgide.
iduvaregU illadidda I mElme barahakke bandudu hEge? miliyagaTTale varaSagaLindalU janara naDuvina samparakakke konDiyAgi, mattu manassinalliruva anisikegaLannu bEreyavarige tiLisalu bEkAguva oyyugeyAgi mAtannE baLasalAguttittu. Adare, sumAru nAlkaydu sAvira varaSagaLaSTu hinde, mAtannu barahakkiLisuva bageyannu kanDuhiDiyalAyitu. modalige idannu nenapige neravAguvantaha kelasagaLalli toDagisalAyitu; Adare AmEle, dUra iruvavarannu samparakisuvudakkAgiyU idannu baLasalu toDagalAyitu.
hIgiddarU, barahavembudu monne monneya varegU kelavE kelavu janara sottAgi mAtra uLidittu, mattu kelavE kelavu nuDigaLannu ADuvavaralli mAtra adu baLakeyallittu. sumAru munnUru-nAnnUru varaSagaLaSTu hinde barahagaLannu accuhAkuva bageyannu kanDuhiDidudu I viSayadalli ondu doDDa krAntiyannE unTumADitu; adarallU barahadalli baruva ondondu barigegU ondondu moLeyannu baLasi accuhAkuva bageyannu kanDuhiDidudu I krAnti innaSTu vEgavAgi halavAru nuDigaLannu Avarisuva hAge mADitu.
I krAnti naDeyuva modalu, barahagaLannu kayyalli nakalumADabEkAgittu; idu tumbA toDakina mattu tumbA samaya tagaluva kelasavAgittu; kelavu mandi mAtra I kelasadalli toDagikoLLuttiddaru, mattu idarindAgi, barahavannu baLasuvavara eNike tumbA kaDimeyAgiyE uLidittu.
Adare, barahagaLannu accuhAkisalu toDagidudarindAgi, mattu adakkAgi togalu, togaTe modalAdavugaLannu baLasuva badalu kAgadavannu baLasalu toDagidudarindAgi, avannu tumbA kaDime belege unTumADalu, mattu tumbA sulabavAgi unTumADalu sAdyavAyitu. idarindAgi, avugaLa pratigaLannu ommegEnE sAvirAru janarige talupisalu sAdyavAyitu. idallade, avannu baLasuva kelasavU tumbA sulabavAyitu.
barahagaLannu accuhAkisalu toDagidudarindAgi, barahagaLalli baLakeyAguva barige(akSara)gaLu, padagaLu, sollugaLu modalAduvella ellA kaDegaLallU heccukaDime ondE rUpadalli uLiyuvantAyitu, mattu idarindAgi, nADina ondu mUleyalli unTumADida barahavannu ellA kaDegaLalliruva janarU sulabavAgi Odi tiLidukoLLuvante mADalu sAdyavAyitu.
hindina kAladalli barahagaLannu yArAdarU obbaru doDDadAgi Oduttiddaru, mattu uLidavaru avara suttalU kuLitu adannu kELuttiddaru; ellarigU tammavE Ada barahagaLa pratigaLu doreyatoDagida mEle, avannu gaTTiyAgi Oduva badalu manassinallEnE Oduva bage baLakege bantu. idakkanuguNavAgi, barahagaLa bagegaLallU halavu mArapADugaLu naDeduvu.
dinapatrike, vArapatrike modalAduvannu accuhAkisi, avu ommegEnE lakSAntara janarannu talapuva hAge mADalAyitu, mattu barahavannu kaliyuvavarigella avaradE Ada kalikeya pustakagaLu siguvante mADalAyitu. barahada baLakeyalli mattu kalikeyalli intaha halavAru mArapADugaLu avannu kAgadadalli accuhAkalu toDagida mEle naDeduhOgive. halavAru oLanuDigaLannADuva janara naDuve ondE bageya barahada nuDi baLakege bandiruvudakkU I rIti barahagaLannu accuhAkalu toDagidudE kAraNavAgide.
barahakke I rIti heccu heccu mElme siguttiddante, janara naDavaLikegaLallU halavu bageya mArapADugaLu unTAgatoDagiduvu: janaru tiLivannu kUDiDuva bage bErAyitu; modalige ellavannU nenapinalliyE uLisikoLLabEkAgittu; Adare baraha heccu heccu baLakege bandante, tiLivannu halavu bageya barahagaLalli mattu pustakagaLalli kUDiDalAyitu.
gAdegaLu, hADugaLu, sUtragaLu, nItikategaLu modalAduvella tiLivannu nenapinalli kUDiDalu bEkAguvantaha bagegaLu; barahagaLalli kUDiDuvudakke intaha nenapisalu neravAguva bagegaLu bEkAguvudilla. idakke badalu, pustakagaLalli kANisuvantaha talebarahagaLu, pasugegaLu, dappabarige, teLubarige modalAda barigerUpagaLu, paTTigaLu, suTTagegaLu modalAda Oduvalli neravAguva bEreyE halavu bagegaLannu baLakege tarabEkAyitu.
tiLivannu kUDiDuva bageyalli mArapADAdudarindAgi, tiLivigU vayassigU naDuvidda sambanda illavAyitu; yAva viSayadalli bEkiddarU pustakagaLannu Oduva mUlaka, doDDavariginta heccu tiLivannu cikkavaru paDeyaballavarAdaru. idallade, eSTu tiLivannu mattu eSTu bageya tiLivannu pustakagaLalli kUDiDaballevu embudakke ondu mitiyE illadiruva hAgAyitu. hosa hosa tiLivugaLannu paDeyuttiruvAgalU haLeyavannu kaLedukoLLade uLisikoLLalu sAdyavAyitu.
tiLivannu baraharUpadalli uLisikoLLalu toDagidudarindAgi janaru adannondu vastuvina hAge kANalu toDagidaru, mattu adannu kanDuhiDidavaru adara mEle tamma oDetanavannu hEralu toDagidaru. tAvu kanDuhiDida tiLivannu ondu pustakada rUpadalli accuhAkisi, adannu sAvirAru janarige talapisuva mUlaka, kelavaru sAkaSTu haNavannU kalehAkidaru.
tiLivu embudu barahavannu baLasalu tiLiyadavaralli avaru mADuva kelasada angavAgiruttade; kelasa mADida anubavavE avaralli tiLivina rUpadalliruttade; adannu avaru A kelasadinda bErapaDisi pariSIlisalAraru; adara kuritAgi avaru ADaballa mAtugaLU adannu baLasi naDesaballa kelasadondige heNedukonDiruttave.
idakke badalu, kAgadadalli bareda illavE accuhAkida tiLivu adannu baLasi naDesuva kelasakkinta bErAgi uLiyuttade; adannu tirutirugi Odi, A tiLivu sariyO tappO endu vimaraSisalu baruttade. hAgAgi, barahavannu baLasuvavarigU avannu baLasadavarigU naDuve avaru AlOcisuva bageyallE halavu vyatyAsagaLu kANisikoLLuttave.
nijakkU baraha bAradavaru baraha ballavariginta jANmeyallAgali, buddivantikeyallAgali kaDimeyEnalla; baraha ballavaraSTE jANmeyinda mattu avaraSTE cannAgi baraha bAradavarU tamma jIvanavannu naDesaballaru. Adare, I eraDu bageya janarU ondE nADinalli nelesiddu, A nADina ADaLitavannu naDesuva mattu adara kuritAgi tIramAnagaLannu kaygoLLuva mandiyella barahaballavarAgiddalli, A nADinalliruva baraha bArada janaralli heccinavarU tamma jIvanadalli sOtuhOguttalE irabEkAguttade.
adarallU namma nADinalliruva hAge ADaLitavu mandiyALvikeyadAgiddalli, ellA mandiyU adaralli sariyAgi tamma hoNeyannaritu pAlgoLLabEkAguttade; hAgAgi, ondu nADina mandiyALvike (prajAprabutva) cannAgi naDeyabEkiddalli, ellarigU barahada tiLiviruvudu atyavaSya. illavAdare, A nADinalliruva baraha bAradavaru tamma ELigege mAtravallade iDI nADina ELigegU toDakAguttAre.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 18: nuDigaLa naDuvina nanTastike
dinAnka: 2014-04-14
mUla URL: https://dnshankarabhat.net/%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%a1%e0%b2%bf%e0%b2%97%e0%b2%b3-%e0%b2%a8%e0%b2%a1%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%b5%e0%b2%bf%e0%b2%a8-%e0%b2%a8%e0%b2%82%e0%b2%9f%e0%b2%b8%e0%b3%8d%e0%b2%a4%e0%b2%bf%e0%b2%95%e0%b3%86/
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 18
janara naDuve kANisuva hAge, avarADuva nuDigaLanaDuveyU ‘nanTastike’yannu kANalu sAdyavide. kelavu nuDigaLa naDuve hattirada nanTastikeyideyendu hELabahudu, mattu bEre kelavu nuDigaLa naDuve dUrada nanTastike mAtra ideyendu hELabahudu. Adare, innu kelavu nuDigaLa naDuve yAva rItiya nanTastikeyU ideyendu hELalu baruvudilla. hAge hELalu yAva AdAravU dorakadiruvudE idakke kAraNa.
ettugegAgi, kannaDa mattu tamiLu nuDigaLa naDuve hattirada nanTastikeyide; kannaDa mattu tuLu nuDigaLa naDuve idakkinta svalpa dUrada nanTastikeyide. idE rItiyalli, hindi mattu marATi nuDigaLa naDuve hattirada nanTastikeyide; hindi mattu ingliS nuDigaLa naDuve dUrada nanTastikeyide. Adare kannaDa mattu hindi nuDigaLa naDuve, illavE kannaDa mattu ingliS nuDigaLa naDuve, hattiraddAgali dUraddAgali yAvudE rItiya nanTastikeyU ideyendu hELuvudakke yAva AdAravU dorakuvudilla.
nuDigaLa naDuvina nanTastikeyannu janara naDuvina nanTastikeya hAge avugaLa huTTu mattu beLavaNigegaLa AdArada mEle kalpisikoLLalAgide. Adare, janara huTTigU nuDigaLa huTTigU naDuve halavu vyatyAsagaLive. ettugegAgi, janaralli heNNu-ganDugaLa kUDikeyinda magu huTTuttade; Adare nuDigaLalli A rIti eraDu nuDigaLa kUDikeyinda mUraneya nuDi huTTikoLLuvudilla; ondu nuDiyiddaddu innondu nuDiyAgi badalAguttade, illavE eraDu nuDigaLAgi oDedukoLLuttade.
ettugegAgi, samskruta nuDi ivattina marATi nuDiyAgi badalAgideyendu hELabahudu; illavE adE nuDi marATi, konkaNi, hindi, gujarAti, panjAbi, bangAli modalAda ivattina halavu nuDigaLAgi oDedukonDideyendU hELabahudu. Adare, idE rItiyalli samskruta nuDi kannaDa nuDiyAgi badalAgideyendu hELalu baruvudilla. yAkendare, kannaDa mattu samskruta nuDigaLa naDuve avugaLa padagaLalli mattu vyAkaraNa niyamagaLalli halavu buDakaTTina vyatyAsagaLive. I ellA vyatyAsagaLU hEge unTAgive embudannu vivarisalu iduvarege yArigU sAdyavAgilla.
intaha vivarisalu sAdyavAgada vyatyAsagaLiruva kAraNa, samskruta mattu kannaDa nuDigaLannu eraDu tIra bErAgiruva mUlanuDigaLinda beLedu bandiruvavugaLembudAgi parigaNisabEkAgide. samskruta ‘inDO-Arayan’ emba hesarina mUla nuDiyinda, mattu kannaDa adakkinta tIra bErAgiruva ‘drAviDa’ emba hesarina mUla nuDiyinda beLedu bandideyembudAgi ivattu kalpisikoLLabEkAgide.
nuDigaLannu I rIti bEre bEre nuDikuTumbagaLalli irisi hELalu mukyavAgi avugaLa caritre AdAravAgiruttade. ondu nuDiyannADuva jana dUra dUradalliruva UrugaLige hOgi nelesidAga, avaroLagina samparaka kaDimeyAguttA hOguttade, mattu idarindAgi, avaru baLasuva nuDiyalli badalAvaNegaLu ondE dikkinalli naDeyade bEre bEre dikkugaLalli naDeyatoDaguttave.
ettugegAgi, kannaDa nuDiyannADuva jana baDagu karanATaka, tenku karanATaka mattu karAvaLi emba mUru mukya pradESagaLalli nelesiddAre. ivarADuva nuDiyU baDagu, tenku mattu karAvaLi emba mUru mukya oLanuDigaLAgi vyatyAsagaLannu tOrisuttade. I oLanuDigaLa naDuve yAva pramANadalli vyatyAsagaLu kANisikoLLuttave embudu I pradESagaLige hOgi nelesida mEle ivara naDuve entaha samparaka sAdyavittu embudara mEle avalambiside.
nuDigaLella I rIti avannADuva janara naDuviruva samparaka kaDimeyAdAga bEre bEre oLanuDigaLAgi oDedukoLLuttave, mattu AmEle avE oLanuDigaLu svatantra nuDigaLAgi beLeyuttave emba I abiprAyada mEle nuDikuTumbagaLa kalpaneyannu nillisalAgide. hinde ondu kAladalli kelavE kelavu mUla nuDigaLiddirabEku, mattu I mUla nuDigaLu mEle sUcisida hAge kavaloDedu bEre bEre nuDigaLAdudarindAgi, ivattu sAvirAru nuDigaLu baLakeyalli kANisikoLLuttive embudE I kalpane.
I kalpaneyannu sAkAragoLisuvudakkAgi ivattu baLakeyalliruva sAvirAru nuDigaLannu bEre bEre nuDikuTumbagaLAgi hancuva prayatna naDeyuttide. endare, I sAvirAru nuDigaLu hadinaydippattu mUla nuDigaLinda avugaLalli bEre bEre rItiya badalAvaNegaLAguvudara mUlaka hEge beLedu bandirabEku embudannu tOrisi koDuva prayatna naDeyuttide.
ivattu bEre bErAgi kANisuva eraDu nuDigaLu ondE mUla nuDiyinda beLedu bandavugaLendu nAvu tOrisikoDabEkiddalli, (endare avu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sEridavugaLendu vAdisabEkiddalli) avugaLa naDuve kANisuva vyatyAsagaLella mUla nuDiyondaralli naDeda badalAvaNegaLindAgi unTAdavugaLu embudAgi tOrisikoDabEku. endare, A mUla nuDiyannADuva janaru dUrada eraDu pradESagaLige hOgi nelesida mEle, avara mAtinalli badalAvaNegaLu eraDu bEre bEre dikkugaLalli naDedirabEku, mattu ondu pradESadalli naDeda badalAvaNegaLu innondu pradESadalli naDeyadiddudE A eraDu pradESagaLa janara mAtugaLa (endare nuDigaLa) naDuve ivattu kANisuva vyatyAsagaLige mUla kAraNa embudannu tOrisikoDabEku.
hAgAgi, nuDigaLannu bEre bEre nuDikuTumbagaLAgi hancuva kelasadalli avugaLa naDuve kANisuva hOlikegaLigintalU vyatyAsagaLigEnE heccina mahatvavide. eraDu nuDigaLa naDuve svalpavU hOlike kANisadiddarU, avugaLa naDuviruva vyatyAsagaLella A eraDu nuDigaLa caritreyalli naDeda badalAvaNegaLindAgi unTAdavugaLu embudAgi mEle sUcisida hAge tOrisikoTTalli, avannu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sEridavugaLendu hELalu baruttade. idakke badalu, eraDu nuDigaLa naDuve eSTE hOlikeyirali, avugaLa naDuve kANisuva vyatyAsagaLannu ondu mUla nuDiyalli bEre bEre dikkugaLalli naDeda badalAvaNegaLindAgi unTAdavugaLu embudAgi tOrisikoDalu baruvudillavAdalli, avu ondE nuDi kuTumbakke sEridavugaLendu vAdisalu baruvudilla.
eraDu nuDigaLa naDuve hOlikegaLu kANisikoLLalu bEre kAraNagaLU iraballuvu: ettugegAgi, avugaLalli ondu innondarinda halavAru padagaLannu eravalAgi paDedideyAdare, averaDara naDuve tumbA hOlikeyideyendu anisabahudu. idallade, AkasmikavAgiyU eraDu nuDigaLalli baLakeyAguva padagaLa naDuve hOlikegaLu kANisabahudu. nuDigaLannu baLasuva, beLesuva mattu badalAyisuvavarellarU manuSyarE Agiruvudarinda, intaha Akasmika hOlikegaLu kANisikoLLuvudaralli accariyEnilla.
hAgAgi, eraDu nuDigaLa naDuve kANisuva hOlikegaLa AdArada mEle avu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sEriveyendu hELalu baruvudilla. avugaLa naDuve kANisuva vyatyAsagaLu yAva rItiyalli mUDibandive embudannu mEle sUcisida hAge vivarisalu sAdyavAguvudiddalli mAtra avannu ondE kuTumbada nuDigaLendu, endare cAritrikavAgi avu ondE mUla nuDiyinda beLedu bandavugaLendu parigaNisalu sAdyavAguttade.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 20: barahadalli yAvudu sari, yAvudu tappu?
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 20
kannaDadalli baLakeyAguva padagaLu mattu padarUpagaLusariyO tappO embudannu tIramAnisuvalli nAvu yAva kaTTalegaLannu baLasabEku? kannaDada kaTTalegaLannE baLasabEkendu yArU hELabahudu. Adare, ivattu halavu mandi kannaDada vidvAmsarige idu oppigeyAguvudilla. samskrutadinda eravalAgi paDeda padagaLannu kannaDadalli baLasuvAga samskrutada kaTTalegaLannE tappade baLasabEkembudAgi avaru hELuttAre. kannaDada vidvAmsaralli hindina kAladindalU beLedubandiruva kannaDada kuritAgiruva kILarime mattu samskrutada kuritAgiruva atiyAda Adara mattu abimAnagaLE idakke kAraNa.
ettugegAgi, sollarigarannu sUcisalu samskrutadalli eraDu padagaLive. ivugaLalli ‘vayyAkaraNaH’ embudu ganDasarannu sUcisuttade mattu ‘vayyAkaraNI’ embudu hengasarannu sUcisuttade. Adare, kannaDadalli ganDasarannu sUcisuvudakkAgiyU ‘vayyAkaraNi’ emba padavE baLakege bandide. idannu kiTTel avara DikSanariyalli nODabahudu. Adare idu tappu, ganDasarannu sUcisalu ‘vayyAkaraNa’ embudannE baLasabEku embudAgi kelavaru kannaDada vidvAmsaru vAdisuttAre.
idakke avarige samskruta vyAkaraNada kaTTaleyE AdAra. Adare nijakkU idu sariyalla. yAkendare, yAva nuDiyindalE Agali ondu padavannu eravalAgi paDeda mEle, adannu yAva rItiyalli mattu yAva rUpadalli baLasabEku embudakke eravalAgi paDeda nuDiyalliruva baLakeya kaTTalegaLE AdAravAgabEkallade eravalu koTTa nuDiya kaTTalegaLalla.
ettugegAgi, samskrutadinda halavu nAmapadagaLannu nAvu kannaDakke eravalAgi paDedu baLasuttEve. ivugaLalli kelavakke isu oTTannu sErisi kriyApadagaLAgi mADiyU baLasuttEve (japa-japisu, kOpa-kOpisu, ruci-rucisu). Adare, I baLakege kannaDada kaTTalegaLu AdAravallade samskrutada kaTTalegaLalla.
samskrutadinda eravalAgi paDeda padagaLa lingavannu niradarisuvallU nAvu kannaDada kaTTalegaLannu baLasuttEvallade samskrutada kaTTalegaLannalla. ettugegAgi, samskrutadalli pullingadalliruva dESa, mAraga, dIpa modalAda padagaLannu, mattu strIlingadalliruva nadi, lipi, carace modalAda padagaLannu nAvu napumsaka lingadalli baLasuttEvallade pullinga illavE strIlingadallalla. samskrutadalli nAmapadagaLinda bErAda guNapadagaLemba padagaLilla.
hIgiddarU, samskrutadinda eravalAgi paDeda padagaLalli vyAvahArika, sAmAjika, yAntrika modalAda halavu padagaLannu nAvu nAmapadagaLinda bErAgiruva guNapadagaLAgi baLasuttEve. hAgAgi, vayyAkaraNiyantaha padagaLa maTTigU nAvu idE kramavannu anusarisuvudu sariyAda dAri. kannaDadalli avu yAva rItiyalli baLakege bandive embudu namage mukyavallade A baLake samskrutada niyamagaLige anusAravAgideyE illavE embudu mukyavalla.
samskrutadinda eravalAgi paDeda padagaLalli baruva mahAprANa, ShakAra, xkAra modalAda kelavu barigegaLu heccina kannaDigara Odinalli illavE mAtinalli kANisuvudilla; hAgiddarU ‘avannu samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE bareyabEku; illavAdare adu tappAguttade’ endu hELuvudU samskrutada kaTTalegaLannu kannaDada mEle horisuva tappu dAriyAgide. heccina kannaDigara Odinalli illavE mAtinalli I eravalu padagaLu hEge kANisuttaveyO hAge bareyuvudE kannaDada maTTige sariyAda dAri.
innondu bageya ‘tappu’gaLu ADunuDiyinda padagaLannu illavE padarUpagaLannu barahakke tandu baLasuvalli kANisikoLLuttave. ADunuDiyembudu Urininda Urige mattu jAtiyinda jAtige bEre bErAgiruttade. Adare, barahada nuDi ellA Uru mattu jAtigaLigU samAnavAgirabEkendu nAvu bayasuttEve. yAkendare, hAgillavAdare ondu Urina mattu jAtiya barahagAraru baredudannu innondu Urina mattu jAtiya janarige Odi aratamADikoLLalu kaSTavAguttade.
I samAnateyannu uLisikoLLuvudakkAgi barahada nuDiyalli entaha mArapADannu naDesuvudiddarU adu ellA Uru mattu jAtigaLige sErida janarigU oppigeyAguvantahadAgirabEku. ellA barahagArarU tamage anisida hAge tamma barahada nuDiyalli mArapADugaLannu mADahoraTare I samAnate pUrati aLidu hOdItu.
barahadalli tappu-sari emba parikalpaneyannu I aratadalli baLasalu sAdyavide. kannaDada kelavu ADunuDigaLalli padagaLa modalina hakAra bidduhOgide; hAlu embudu Alu endAgide, haNNu embudu aNNu endAgide, huLa embudu uLa endAgide. I rIti kelavaru kannaDigaru tamma ADunuDiya padagaLallidda hakAravannu kaLedukonDudaralli tappAgiruvantahadu EnU illa. adu avara ADunuDiyalli svAbAvikavAgi naDediruva ondu mArapADu mAtra. idallade, adu avara ADunuDiyannu keDisilla; adara jIvantikeyannu uLiside.
Adare, kannaDada bEre halavu ADunuDigaLalli padagaLa modalina hakAra I rIti bidduhOgilla; hAgAgi, ivattu ellA Uru mattu jAtigaLigU samAnavAgirabEkAda barahada kannaDadalli hakAravannu uLisikoLLabEkE illavE bidduhOgalu biDabEkE embudannu niradarisabEkAguttade. uLisabEkendu heccina kannaDigarU bayasuvudAdare, barahadalli hakAravannu baLasadiruvudu (illavE bEDadalli baLasuvudu) ‘tappA’guttade.
idE rItiyalli, ivattu baDaga karanATakada kelavu ADunuDigaLalli nAmapadagaLa koneyallidda ekAra ikAravAgide. mane embudu mani endAgide, kAge embudu kAgi endAgide, kudure embudu kudri endAgide. Adare kannaDada bEre ADunuDigaLalli I mArapADu naDedilla. illU kUDa, ellarigU samAnavAgirabEkAda barahada kannaDakke I mArapADannu tarabEkE bEDavE embudannu tIramAnisabEkAguttade, mattu bEDavendu tIramAnisidalli hAge taruvudu barahada maTTige ‘tappu’ embudAgi SAlegaLalli makkaLige kalisabEkAguttade.
Adare, intaha yAva mArapADU barahada kannaDavannu keDisuvudilla embudannu illi gamanisuvudu avaSya. Alu illavE mani emba padarUpadallilladantaha nuDiya baLakege avaSyavAgiruva yAva amSavU hAlu illavE mane emba padarUpadallilla. illi tappu mattu sari embavugaLu entaha baraha nammoLage samAnavAgi uLiyabEku emba tIramAnavannaSTE avalambiside. ivattu baLakeyalliruva tIramAnavannu nAvu avaSyavendenisidalli mArapaDisaballevu, mattu hAge mArapaDisidAga ivattu tappu endu tiLidiruva padarUpagaLu sariyendenisaballuvu.
samskruta eravalugaLannu heccu kaDime samskrutadalliruva hAgeyE bareyabEku emba kaTTale kannaDada maTTige tIra anavaSyakavAdudu mAtravalla, kannaDa barahavannu ellA kannaDigarU sulabavAgi kalitu tammadAgisikoLLuvalli ondu doDDa toDakAgide; kelavE kelavu janaraSTE barahavannu baLasuttidda hindina kAladalli I kaTTale heccu toDakinadendu anisuttiralilla. Adare, ivattu ellA kannaDigarU barahaballavarAgabEkAgide; hAgAgi, kannaDakke bEDada I samskrutada horeyannu tegeduhAkuvudE oLLeyadu.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 23: kannaDa nuDi eSTu haLeyadu?
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 23
kannaDa nuDi eSTu haLeyadu embudannu tiLiyalu heccina arivigarU kannaDada SAsanagaLu illavE kannaDa padagaLannu baLasiruva paLeyuLikegaLu eSTu haLeyavu embudannu tiLiyalu horaDuttAre. Adare, intaha purAvegaLu kannaDa baraha eSTu haLeyadu embudannu tiLisaballuvallade kannaDa nuDi eSTu haLeyadu embudannu tiLisalAravu. yAkendare, kannaDa nuDi embudu mukyavAgi kannaDigara mAtallade barahavalla. ellA nuDigaLallU mAtu barahadinda tumbA hindeyE baLakege bandiruttade. hAgAgi, nAvilli barahakkinta bErAgiruva purAvegaLannu huDukihiDiyabEkAguttade.
nuDigaLa huTTu manuSyara illavE bEre usirigaLa huTTiginta tIra bErAdudu: ondu nuDiyannADuva mandi dUrada eraDu UrugaLalli nelesidAga, avara naDuve modaligidda samparaka illavAguttade, mattu idarindAgi avarADuva nuDiyalli naDeyuva mArapADugaLu ondE bageyavAgiruvudilla. hAgAgi, samaya kaLedante avarADuva nuDigaLu bErAguttA hOguttave, mattu konege avu eraDu bEreyE nuDigaLemba anisikeyannu koDalu toDaguttave.
ondu nuDi I rIti eraDu nuDigaLAgi kavaloDedAga, avugaLalli yAvudu mUla nuDi mattu yAvudu hosadAgi huTTikonDiruva nuDi endu bErapaDisi hELalu baruvudilla. yAkendare, mArapADugaLu averaDarallU naDediruttave; ondaralli naDeda mArapADugaLu innondaralli naDedillavembudE averaDu bEre bErAgi kANisikoLLalu kAraNa. Adare, intaha kaDegaLalli ondu mUla nuDi eraDu hosa nuDigaLAgi kavaloDedideyendu hELalu baruttade, mattu eSTu samayakke hinde avu A rIti kavaloDeduvO aSTu haLeyavu A nuDigaLu endu tiLiyalu baruttade.
kannaDa, tamiLu, telugu, malayALa modalAda oTTu sumAru ippattaydu nuDigaLu mUladrAviDavemba ondu nuDiyinda yAva rItiyalli kavaloDedu bEre bEre nuDigaLAgi mArapaTTirabEku embudannu tiLidukonDalli, avugaLalli kannaDa eSTu hinde kavaloDedide embudannu tiLiyalu baruttade.
mUladrAviDa nuDi modalige tenkudrAviDa, baDagudrAviDa, mattu naDudrAviDa emba mUru nuDigaLAgi kavaloDedirabEku, mattu I mUru nuDigaLu AmEle bEre halavu nuDigaLAgi kavaloDeyuttA hOgi ivattina ippattaydu nuDigaLu baLakege bandirabEku embudAgi kalpisalAgide. I kalpanege ivattina drAviDa nuDigaLa naDuve entaha vyatyAsagaLive mattu eSTu vyatyAsagaLive embudE AdAravAgiruttade. eraDu nuDigaLa naDuve vyatyAsagaLu hecciddaSTU avu kavaloDediruva samaya heccu hindakke hOguttade.
drAviDa nuDiya mUru kavalugaLalli ondAda tenkudrAviDa nuDi ivattu kannaDa, tamiLu, malayALa, tuLu, koDagu, toda, kOta mattu koraga emba oTTu enTu svatantra nuDigaLAgi kavaloDedideyendu hELalAguttade; I enTu nuDigaLalli, koraga nuDiyannu sadyakke tenkudrAviDadalli gumpisalAgideyAdarU, nijakkU adu yAva rItiyalli uLida nuDigaLondige sambandiside embudannu hELalu innU sAdyavAgilla. kelavu viSayagaLalli adu baDagudrAviDa nuDigaLannu hOluttiruvudE idakke kAraNa.
uLida ELu tenkudrAviDa nuDigaLalli, tuLu nuDi modalige bErapaTTirabEku; yAkendare, uLida ellA tenkudrAviDa nuDigaLallU naDediruva halavu mArapADugaLu tuLuvinalli naDedilla. uLida Aru tenkudrAviDa nuDigaLalli modalige kavaloDedu svatantra nuDiyenisidudu kannaDa nuDi. idannU uLida tenkudrAviDa nuDigaLalli naDediruva, mattu kannaDadalli naDeyadiruva (illavE bEre bageyalli naDediruva) halavu mArapADugaLa AdArada mEle hELalu baruttade.
intaha mArapADugaLalli ondannu haLegannaDada bEnTe, tOnTa, enTu, tenku modalAda padagaLannu tamiLina vETTay, tOTTam, eTTu, tekku modalAda padagaLondige hOlisuva mUlaka tiLiyabahudu; ivugaLalli modaligidda mUguli(anunAsika)yannu kannaDa uLisikonDide; Adare, tamiLu, koDagu (eTT, tekk), toda modalAda uLida nuDigaLu kaLedukonDive. innondu vyatyAsavannu kannaDada ADide, nambide, kaTTide, amukide emba esaka(kriyA)rUpagaLannu tamiLina ATinEn, nampinEn, kaTTinEn, amukkinEn embavugaLondige hOlisuva mUlaka tiLiyabahudu.
I rUpagaLalli bandiruva himbottina oTTu (pratyaya) kannaDadalli nakAravannu kaLedukonDide; Adare, tamiLu, koDagu, toda modalAda uLida nuDigaLalli adannu uLisikonDide. mattondu vyatyAsavendare, tenkudrAviDadallidda a mattu aygaLalli konegoLLuva eraDu bageya esakapadagaLu kannaDadalli ondE bageyavAgive; kannaDada naDede mattu taDede emba rUpagaLannu tamiLina naTantEn mattu taTayntEn emba rUpagaLondige hOlisinODidAga I vyatyAsa kANisuttade. koDagu, toda modalAda uLida nuDigaLU I vyatyAsavannu tamiLina hAge uLisikonDive.
uLida aydu tenkudrAviDa nuDigaLalli modalige koDagu nuDi bErAgirabEku, mattu AmEle toda mattu kOta nuDigaLu bErAgirabEku. tamiLu mattu malayALa nuDigaLu mUlanuDiyinda bErapaTTu svatantra nuDigaLAguva modalE I mUru nuDigaLU bErapaTTirabEkendu hELuvudakke tamiLu mattu malayALagaLalli naDeda, mattu I mUru nuDigaLalli naDeyadidda (illavE bEre bageyalli naDeda) halavu mArapADugaLannu ettugeyAgi koDabahudu.
mEle koTTiruva viSayagaLa mEle, tamiLu baraha kannaDa barahadinda haLeyadAgideyAdarU tamiLu nuDi kannaDa nuDiginta haLeyadalla; adu svatantra nuDiyAguvudakkinta (endare adu tannadE Ada paricegaLannu paDedukoLLuvudakkinta) eSTO modalE kannaDa nuDi ondu svatantra nuDiyAgi bErapaTTittendu hELalu baruttade. Adare, idarindAgi kannaDakkondu ‘mEltana’ doretideyendEnU nanage anisuvudilla.
(I baraha vijaya karanATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 27: pada mattu adara huruLu
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 27
nuDigaLalli baLakeyAguva padagaLannu uligaLa sErikeyinda unTumADalAguttade; m, a, n mattu e emba nAlku uligaLa sErikeyinda ‘mane’ emba padavannu unTumADalAgide; Adare, I uligaLalli yAvudakkU adaradE Ada huruLilla; avugaLa sErikeyinda unTAda ‘mane’ emba padakke mAtra huruLide. yAkendare, ‘m’ embudu mane emba padadalli mAtravallade, manga, majjige, kaDime, mincu, kamaTu, amma modalAda bEreyU halavu padagaLalli baruttade, mattu I ellA padagaLigU samAnavAgiruva huruLondannu kanDuhiDidu, adu ‘m’ emba uliya huruLu embudAgi tOrisikoDalu sAdyavE illa.
idallade, padagaLa angagaLAgiruva uligaLu mArapaTTAgalU avugaLa huruLu mArapaDade uLiyuttade; I viSayavU huruLembudu padagaLigideyallade uligaLigilla embudannu bembalisuttade. haLegannaDada pAl embudu hAlu embudAgi, baZdunku embudu baduku embudAgi, beral embudu beraL embudAgi hosagannaDadalli mArapaTTAga, adarindAgi A padagaLige modaligidda huruLugaLalli mArapADugaLEnU Agiralilla.
uligaLige avugaLadE Ada huruLilladiddarU padagaLige avugaLadE Ada huruLideyendu sAmAnyavAgi hELalAguttade; adare, illU kelavu samasyegaLive; padanerake(DikSanari)gaLalli heccina padagaLigU eraDu illavE heccu huruLugaLannu koDalAguttadeyembudannu gamanisabahudu; Adare, I padagaLannu sollugaLalli baLasidAga, avugaLa I halavu huruLugaLalli ondu mAtra namma gamanakke baruttade. ettugegAgi, kAyu emba padakke kApADu emba huruLU ide, bisimADu emba huruLU ide; Adare, ‘nAyi maneyannu kAyuttide’ emba sollannu baLasidAga kAyu padada modalaneya huruLu mAtra namma gamanakke baruttadallade, eraDaneya huruLu gamanakke baruvudilla.
idE rItiyalli ‘hanDeyalli nIru kAyuttide’ emba bErondu sollannu baLasidAga adara eraDaneya huruLu mAtra namma gamanakke baruttade. endare, ondu pada namage entaha huruLannu koDuttade embudu adannu entaha sollinalli baLasalAgide embudara mElU avalambisiruttade. kelavomme I rIti ondu padakke ondakkinta heccu huruLugaLiruvudu tondareyannU koDaballudu. ettugegAgi, ‘avanu kareyalu bandiddAne’ endiSTE hELidalli avanu elligAdarU barabEkendu hELalu bandiddAnO illavE danavannu kareyalu bandiddAnO emba viSayadalli gondalavunTAgaballudu. Adare, sAmAnyavAgi nAvu mAtannu baLasuvAga A rIti gondalavunTAgadante nODikoLLuttEve.
mAtinalli baLakeyAguva padagaLalli halavakke (hesarupadagaLige) vyakti, vastu illavE sangatiyannu gurutisuva kasuviruttade. ‘surESa ondu haNNu tinda’ emba sollinalli eraDu hesarupadagaLu bandiddu, avugaLalli ‘haNNu’ emba pada ondu vastuvannu gurutisuttade mattu ‘surESa’ emba pada obba vyaktiyannu gurutisuttade. padagaLa mUlaka mAtravallade padakantegaLa mUlakavU vyakti, vastu modalAduvannu gurutisalu baruttade. ‘kuraciyalli kuLitiruva muduka’ emba padakante obba vyaktiyannu gurutisuttade, mattu ‘rAju koTTa pustaka’ emba innondu padakante ondu vastuvannu gurutisuttade.
I rIti vyakti, vastu modalAduvannu padagaLa mUlaka gurutisuvudakkU padakantegaLa mUlaka gurutisuvudakkU naDuve ondu mukyavAda vyatyAsavide. padakantegaLa mUlaka gurutisuvAga avugaLa huruLu baLakeyAguttade, Adare padagaLa mUlaka gurutisuvAga A rIti avugaLa huruLu baLakeyAguvudilla. adakke badalu, padagaLigU avu tiLisaballa vyakti, vastu modalAdavugaLigU naDuviruva sambanda baLakeyAguttade.
nijakkU ondu hesarupadada huruLEnu embudannu tiLiyabEkiddalli modalige adu entaha vyakti, vastu illavE sangatiyannu gurutisuttade embudannu tiLiyabEkAguttade. ettugegAgi, ‘nAyi’ emba pada entaha prANiyannu gurutisalu baLakeyAguttade, mattu A prANiya parice(guNa)gaLu entahavu embudannu tiLidAga mAtra namage A padada huruLEnu embudu gottAguttade; hAgAgi, A prANiya paricegaLannE oTTAgi ‘nAyi’ emba padada huruLu endu hELabEkAguttade.
oLaracaneyiruva padagaLa huruLannU idE rItiyalli avu tiLisuva vastu, vyakti modalAdavugaLa paricegaLu entahavu embudarinda tiLiyabEkAguttadallade avugaLa oLaracane entahadu embudarinda tiLiyalu baruvudilla. ‘hosamane’ emba padadalli ‘hosa’ mattu ‘mane’ emba eraDu padagaLu sErikonDive; Adare, adu gurutisuva mane hosadAgiraballudu, illavE tumbA haLeyadAgiraballudu; yAkendare, omme ondu maneyannu A hesarininda kareyatoDagida mEle, adu tumbA haLeyadAdAgalU A hesarannu nAvu badalAyisahOguvudilla; endare, ‘hosamane’ emba padada huruLu adu gurutisuva maneya paricegaLu badalAda hAgella badalAguttA hOguttade. ‘haLemane’ emba hesariruva innondu maneyannu keDavi allondu hosamaneyannu kaTTidAgalU adakke modalu baLakeyallidda ‘haLemane’ emba hesaru hAgeyE uLidiruttade; A padada huruLu mAtra mArapaTTiruttade.
hesarupadagaLige avugaLa huruLinondigiruva sambandakkintalU avu sUcisuva vyakti, vastu, sangati modalAdavugaLondigiruva sambandavE heccu mukyavAdudu emba viSaya idarinda spaSTavAguttade. kelaveDegaLalli padagaLa oLaracaneyannu baLasi avugaLa huruLannu UhisikoLLaballevAdarU I viSayadalli koneya tIramAnakke baralu intaha sambandada neravu bEkE bEku.
sollugaLalli baruva esaka(kriyA)pada, parice(guNa)pada modalAdavugaLa huruLEnembudannu tIramAnisuvudu idakkintalU heccu toDakina kelasa. yAkendare, adakkAgi avu baruva padakantegaLa illavE sollugaLa huruLEnembudannu modalu tiLidukoLLabEkAguttade, mattu A huruLinalli yAvudE ondu esakapadada illavE paricepadada koDuge entahadu embudannu kanDuhiDiyabEkAguttade. padagaLondige baruva oTTu(pratyaya)gaLa huruLannU idE rItiyalli A padagaLa baLakeyalli avugaLa koDuge entahadu embudannu pariSIlisuva mUlaka tiLiyabEkAguttade.
(I baraha vijayakaranATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 28: eNikeyallU halavu bagegaLive
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 28
kannaDadalli eNisuvudakkU bEre nuDigaLalli eNisuvudakkU naDuve halavu bageya vyatyAsagaLive; kannaDadalli eNikepadagaLannu unTumADalu mukyavAgi eraDu bageya holabugaLannu baLasalAguttade: ondu eNikepadavannu nEravAgi innondu eNikepadadondige sErisi hELuvudu ondu holabu; idannu ippattu (eraDu+hattu), innUru (eraDu+nUru) embantaha eNikepadagaLalli kANabahudu. ondu eNikepadada pattuge(sambanda)rUpavannu innondu eNikepadakke sErisi hELuvudu innondu holabu; idannu ippattAru (ippattara+Aru), nUra hattu (nUrara+hattu) embantaha eNikepadagaLalli kANabahudu.
ivugaLalli modalaneyadannu peccisuva (guNisuva) huruLinallU, eraDaneyadannu kUDisuva huruLinallU baLasalAguttade. Adare, I kaTTalege ondu horapaDikeyU ide: ombattu (ondu+hattu) embudaralli modalaneya holabu baLakeyAgideyAdarU adakke ‘hattarinda ondu kaDime’ emba kaLetada huruLide.
ondarinda enTara varegina eNikepadagaLu, mattu hattu, nUru emba padagaLu otte padagaLu; hannondarinda hattombattara varegina padagaLalli hattu padada pattugerUpakke ondarinda ombattaravaregina padagaLannu sErisalAgide. adakke mEle, ippattu embudaralli eraDu (ip) padakke hattu (pattu) padavannu nEravAgi sErisalAgide. idE rItiyalli, mundeyU ippattarinda ippattombattara varegina padagaLalli ippattu padada pattugerUpakke ondarinda ombattara varegina padagaLannu sErisalAgide (ippattondu, ippatteraDu), mattu mUvattu padadalli mUru padakke hattu (vattu) padavannu nEravAgi sErisalAgide.
munde tombattombattara varegU idE rItiyalli I eraDu holabugaLa baLakeyAgide: modala ombattu eNikepadagaLannu pattugerUpada mUlaka unTumADalAgide, mattu hattaneya padavannu nAlku, aydu, Aru modalAda padagaLige nEravAgi hattu padavannu sErisi unTumADalAgide. nUru embudannu tiLisalu mAtra otte padada baLakeyAgide.
nUrara baLikavU ivE eraDu holabugaLannu baLasalAgide: nUra ondu, nUra eraDu, … nUra hattu, … nUra mUvattenTu … embudAgi oTTu nUru eNikegaLannu nUru emba padada pattuge rUpakke ondarinda tombattombattara varegina padagaLannu sErisi hELalAgide, mattu mundina eNikepadagaLannu eraDu, mUru modalAda ombattu padagaLige nEravAgi nUru padavannu sErisi innUru, munnUru modalAda padagaLannu unTumADalAgide. idu kannaDa, tamiLu, telugu modalAda drAviDa nuDigaLalli baLakeyAguva eNikeya holabAgide.
I eNikepadagaLalli baruva padagaLa OraNa ankegaLalli kANisuva OraNavannE hOluttade; ettugegAgi, ‘mUvattenTu’ embudaralli ‘3(hattu)8’ emba OraNavide, mattu adannu 38 embudAgi ankeyalli bareyuvAgalU 3 modalu baruttade, mattu 8 baLika baruttade. idE rItiyalli, ‘eraDu sAvirada munnUra naluvattAru’ embudaralli kANisuva ‘2(sAvira)3(nUru)4(hattu)6’ emba OraNavE 2346 emba ankeyallU kANisuttade.
Adare, samskrutadalli mattu adarinda beLedu bandiruvahindi, marATi modalAda inDO-Arayan nuDigaLalli eNikeya padagaLannu bEreyE bageyalli kaTTalAgiddu, avakkU ankegaLigU naDuve intaha hondANike kANisuvudilla. ettugegAgi, hindiyalli ‘aDtIs’ emba eNikepadadalli ‘8-3(hattu)’ emba OraNavide; I OraNa 38 emba ankeyalliruva OraNakkinta bErAgide; samskrutadallU eppattaydu emba huruLannu koDuva ‘pancasaptati’ emba eNikepadadalli 5-7(hattu) emba OraNaviddu, adu 75 emba ankeyalliruva OraNakkinta bErAgide.
kannaDa mattu samskrutagaLeraDarallU hattara holabu baLakeyallide. Adare, bEre kelavu nuDigaLalli bEreyE bageya holabugaLu baLakeyAguttave. assAminalli vAsisuva kasAri janAngadavara bODo (illavE bOro) emba nuDiyalli eNikeyannu nAlkara gumpugaLalli mADalAguttade. I nuDiyalli ondarinda nAlkara varege eNisi, mundakke ondnAlku ondu (endare aydu), ondnAlku eraDu (endare Aru), ondnAlku mUru (endare ELu), eraDnAlku (endare enTu) embudAgi eNike sAguttade. hannondu ennalu I nuDiyalli eraDnAlku mUru ennabEku, mattu hadinAlku ennalu mUrnAlku eraDu ennabEku.
bODo nuDiyalli aydakkU ondu pada ideyAda kAraNa, I nAlkara holabinalli ippattaravarege lekka hAkalu baruttade; adakkinta heccina eNikeyannu naDesalu, adakke hosadondu holabu bEkAguttade. idakkAgi nammalli nUrara holabiruvante, bODo nuDiyalli ippattara holabide. I holabinante, ippattAru ennalu ‘ondippattu ondnAlku eraDu’ ennabEku, mattu eppattamUru ennalu ‘mUrippattu mUrnAlku ondu’ (3 x 20) + (3 x 4) + 1 ennabEku. intaha eNike nammadarinda toDakAdudendu namage tOrabahudu, Adare bODo nuDiyalli mAtanADuvavarige nammalliruva hattara holabiginta avara nAlkara holabE oLLeyadendu anisadiradu.
nammalli eNikeya padagaLannu unTumADuvalli hattara holabu baLakeyallideyAda kAraNa, adE hattara holabinalli unTumADiruva lITar, rupAyi, grAm modalAda aLatepadagaLa baLake modaligidda rAtalu, sEru, aDi modalAdavugaLiginta oLLeyavendu anisuttade; Adare, nAlkara holabannu baLasuvavarige avu hindinavakkinta oLLeyavendEnU anisabEkAgilla.
eNikepadagaLa baLakeyallU nuDigaLa naDuve halavu bageya vyatyAsagaLannu kANabahudu: kannaDadalli eNikepadagaLannu mara, mane, huDuga, cenDu modalAda padagaLige nEravAgi sErisalu baruttade (mUru manegaLu, ippattondu cenDugaLu); Adare, nIru, akki, eNNe, hAlu modalAda padagaLige eNikepadagaLannu sErisabEkiddalli, modalige avakke aLateyannu tiLisuva padagaLannu sErisabEkAguttade (mUru kilO akki, eraDu lITar hAlu). idakke badalu, bODo nuDiyalli yAva padakkU eNikepadagaLannu nEravAgi sErisalu baruvudilla; ondu pada tiLisuva vyakti illavE vastu entahadu embudannu aDakavAgi tiLisuva padavannu adakke modalu sErisi, AmEle eNike padagaLannu sErisabEkAguttade.
intaha bEreyU halavu vyatyAsagaLu nuDigaLalli baLakeyAguva eNikeya holabugaLa naDuve kANisikoLLuttave. ivellavU eNikeyannu baLasuvalli mAnavanu kanDukonDiruva jANmeya holabugaLendu hELabahudu.
(I baraha vijayakaranATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 29: padagaLa hinnaDavaLiyannu ariyuva bage
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 29
kannaDada yAva padavannu bEkiddarU samskrutada padagaLinda banduvembudAgi tOrisikoDaballevu emba nambike kelavarallide; hIge tOrisikoDuvudakkAgi avaru padagaLa uligaLalli mattu huruLugaLalli kANisuva hOlikegaLannu mAtravallade halavAru bageya kaycaLakagaLannU baLasuttAre.
I kaycaLakagaLa mUlaka avaru uli illavE huruLugaLalli hOlikegaLu kANisadiddarU sambandavannu kANaballaru; ettugegAgi, kannaDada ‘nettaru’ padavannu samskrutada ‘rudhira’ padadinda paDeyaballaru; illi huruLina hOlikeyiddarU uliya hOlike tumbA kaDime; kannaDada ‘kaTTe’ padavannu samskrutada ‘kakShA’ (kankuLu) padadinda paDeyaballaru; illi huruLina hOlikeyU tumbA kaDime. hIgiddarU, kaycaLakagaLa mUlaka avaru ivannu ondakkondu jODisi biDuttAre. intaha kaycaLakagaLu avarige tamma nambikeyannu uLisikoLLuvalli neravAguttaveyAdarU, nijakkU A padagaLa hinnaDavaLi (caritre) entahadu embudannu tiLidukoLLuvalli avu yAva neravannU nIDuvudilla.
kannaDada padagaLu eraDu bagegaLalli samskruta padagaLondige sambandisiraballuvu: averaDU ondE nuDikuTumbada nuDigaLembudondu bage, mattu avugaLalli ondu innondarinda padagaLannu eravalu paDedideyembudinnondu bage. hAgAgi, yAva bageya sambandavannu avugaLa padagaLa naDuve kANalAguttade embudannu modalu tiLisabEkAguttade.
nuDigaLalli kAladinda kAlakke halavu bageya mArpADugaLu naDeyuttalE iruttave; ivu uligaLannu mArpaDisabahudu, padagaLannu illavE avugaLa huruLugaLannu mArpaDisabahudu, mattu avugaLa baLakeya hindiruva kaTTalegaLannu mArpaDisabahudu. intaha halavu bageya mArpADugaLu naDedudarindAgi haLegannaDaviddudu naDugannaDavAgi ivattu hosagannaDavAgide, mattu hosagannaDavU halavu bageya ADunuDigaLAgi oDedukonDide.
kAladinda kAlakke naDeyuva intaha mArpADugaLalli nuDiya uligaLalli naDeyuva mArpADugaLE tumbA mukyavAdavugaLu; yAkendare, avugaLindAgi padagaLa mattu oTTu(pratyaya)gaLa rUpadalli mAtravallade, avugaLa baLakeya hindiruva kaTTalegaLallU mArpADugaLu naDeyuttave. kannaDada hinnaDavaLiyalli intaha halavu bageya uligaLa mArpADugaLu naDedive.
haLegannaDada pakAra hakAravAgiruvudu (pAlu>hAlu, paLe>haLe, pOgu>hOgu); ra-Ra, La-ZagaLa naDuvina vyatyAsa illavAgiruvudu, udda tereyuli (svara) mattu taDeyuli(sparaSa)gaLa naDuvina mUguli (anunAsika) bidduhOgiruvudu (nUnku>nUku, dAnTu>dATu) modalAduvu intaha uligaLa mArpADugaLu.
ivu uligaLa mArpADugaLallade padagaLa mArpADugaLalla embudannu gamanisuvudu avaSya; pakAra hakAravAguvantaha ondu mArpADu naDedAga, pakAravidda ellA (sAvirakkintalU heccu) padagaLU adakke oLagAgiruttave. intaha mArpADugaLu ondu uliyannu elleDegaLallU tAgabahudu, illavE kelaveDegaLalli mAtra tAgabahudu; pakAra hakAravAguva mArpADu pakAravannu elleDegaLallU tAgide; Adare, ekAra ikAravAguva innondu mArpADu ekArada baLika otte mucculi (vyanjana) mattu ikAra illavE ukAra bandiruvalli mAtra naDedide, bEreDegaLalli ekAra mArpaDade uLidide (biLi, bisi, niDu embantaha padagaLalli I mArpADu naDedide. Adare beLLage, beccage, neTTage embantaha padagaLalli naDedilla). idallade, intaha mArpADugaLigella ondu gaDuviruttade; I gaDuvu mugida mEle hindina barahagaLinda (pAlu, puTTa, peTTu) illavE bEre nuDigaLinda (pApa, puNya, pUje) padagaLu eravalAgi bandu I mArpADige horapaDikegaLAgi kANisaballuvu.
eraDu nuDigaLu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sEriveyendu tIramAnisuvallella intaha uligaLa mArpADugaLannE mukyavAda neleyAgi baLasikoLLalAguttade. yAkendare, nuDigaLalli naDeyuva halavu bageya mArpADugaLalli uligaLa mArpADugaLa mEle mAtra padagaLa huruLugaLu yAva prabAvavannU bIruvudilla; nEravAgi padagaLalli illavE avugaLa baLakeya hindiruva kaTTalegaLalli naDeyuva mArpADugaLa mEle avu halavu bagegaLalli prabAvavannu bIruttave, mattu I rIti huruLugaLinda prabAvitavAgiruva mArpADugaLannu kacitavAda kaTTalegaLalli serehiDiyalu baruvudilla; yAkendare, huruLugaLinda prabAvitavAda mArpADugaLige halavAru bageya horapaDikegaLiruttave.
hAgAgi, kannaDa mattu samskruta nuDigaLu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sEriveyemba tIrmAnakke barabEkiddalli kannaDada hinnaDavaLiyalli naDeda uligaLa mArpADugaLannE mukya neleyAgi baLasikoLLabEkAguttade. endare, kannaDa mattu samskruta padagaLa naDuve kANisuva vyatyAsagaLu kannaDada hinnaDavaLiyalli naDedidda halavu bageya uligaLa mArpADugaLindAgi mUDibandive embudAgi tOrisikoDalu sAdyavAdAga mAtra kannaDa samskrutadinda beLedubandide embudannu oppikoLLalu baruttade. Adare, iduvarege yArigU A rIti tOrisikoDalu sAdyavAgilla.
hAgAgi, sadyakkantU kannaDa mattu samskruta nuDigaLu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sErillavembudannu oppikoLLabEkAguttade, mattu kannaDadalli mUladrAviDa nuDiyinda banda kannaDadavE Ada padagaLu, mattu samskrutavE modalAda bEre nuDigaLinda eravalAgi banda padagaLu embudAgi eraDu bageya padagaLu iveyembudannU oppikoLLabEkAguttade.
kannaDada padagaLigU samskrutada padagaLigU naDuve avugaLa uligaLalli mattu huruLugaLalli hOlikeyideyAdare, adakke halavu kAraNagaLiraballuvu. ettugegAgi, I ellA padagaLannU unTumADidavaru mAnavarE embudondu kAraNa; hOlike bariya AkasmikavAgirabahudembudinnondu kAraNa. hAgAgi, ondu nuDi innondarinda eravalu paDedideyembudu padagaLa naDuviruva hOlikegaLigiruva halavu kAraNagaLalli ondu mAtra. idallade, illiyU ondu padavannu yAva nuDi yAva nuDiyinda eravalAgi paDedide embudannu tIrmAnisuvalli arakege neleyide.
sAmAnyavAgi, ondu padada harahu entahadu embudara mEle adara hinnaDavaLiyentahadu embudannu tIrmAnisalAguttade; ettugegAgi, kannaDada ondu padakke samAnavAda padagaLu tamiLu, telugu, gOnDi, kuDuk modalAda bEre halavu drAviDa nuDigaLallU kANisikoLLuttiveyAdare, mattu samskrutavannu horatupaDisi uLida lyATin, grIk, parSiyan modalAda inDO-yurOpiyan nuDigaLalli kANisuvudillavAdare, adu kannaDaddE Ada pada, mattu samskrutakkEnE adu drAviDa nuDigaLinda eravalAgi bandide endu hELabEkAguttade.
intaha arakegaLannu naDesade bariya hOlikeya mEle ellavU samskrutadinda bandiveyendu hELuvudannu ondu arimeya hELikeyendu tiLiyalu baruvudilla.
(I baraha vijayakaranATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 33: kannaDa nuDiya sogaDu
dinAnka: 2014-04-14
mUla URL: http://dnshankarabhat.net/%e0%b2%95%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%8d%e0%b2%a8%e0%b2%a1-%e0%b2%a8%e0%b3%81%e0%b2%a1%e0%b2%bf%e0%b2%af-%e0%b2%b8%e0%b3%8a%e0%b2%97%e0%b2%a1%e0%b3%81/
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 33
ellA nuDigaLigU avugaLadE Ada ondu sogaDuembudiruttade. idannu barahagaLu heccu keDadante uLisikoLLabEku. illavAdare avu tamma jIvantikeyannu kaLedukoLLuttave, mattu sAmAnya janarinda dUravAguttave. antaha barahagaLannu kaliyuva mattu baLasuva kelasavU A nuDiyannADuva janarige tumbA toDakinadAguttade. nuDigaLigiruva I sogaDu avugaLa padagaLalli baruva uligaLalli, uligaLa OraNagaLalli, padagaLige oTTu(pratyaya)gaLannu illavE bEre padagaLannu sErisidAga avugaLa uligaLalli naDeyuva mArpADugaLalli, padagaLannu sErisi bEre padagaLannu unTumADuva bagegaLalli, mattu padagaLinda padakantegaLannu mattu sollugaLannu unTumADuva bagegaLalli kANisikoLLuttade.
kannaDakkU intaha tannadE Ada ondu sogaDide, mattu adu samskruta, hindi, ingliS modalAda bEre nuDigaLigiruva sogaDiginta tIra bErAgide; kannaDada uligaLu, avugaLa OraNagaLu, avugaLa sErikeya mArpADugaLu, kannaDadalli pada, padakante mattu sollugaLannu unTumADuva bagegaLu modalAduvannu samskrutadantaha bEre nuDigaLalli kANisuva bagegaLondige hOlisi nODidAga, nijakkU kannaDada sogaDu entahadu embudu gottAguttade.
(1) samskruta padagaLalli baLakeyAguva khachaThathapha mattu ghajhaDhadhabhagaLemba ottusirina barigegaLu (mahAprANAkSaragaLu) kannaDa padagaLallilla; Adare, samskruta padagaLalli kANisadiruva giDDa ekAra mattu okAragaLu kannaDa padagaLallive. samskrutadalliruva xkAra mattu ShakAragaLu kannaDadallilla; Adare, samskrutadallillada ey, oy, uy, Ay, ov, iv modalAda halavu svara mattu yakAra illavE vakAragaLa jODigaLu kannaDadallive.
(2) I eraDu nuDigaLigU samAnavAgiruva akSaragaLu halaviveyAdarU avu ondE rItiyAgi baLakeyAguvudilla. samskrutadalli ottakSaragaLinda modalAguva padagaLu sAkaSTive (krAnti, kShame, jYAna, jyOti, dvESha, mlEccha). Adare kannaDadavE Ada padagaLalli A rIti ottakSaragaLu padagaLa modalige baruvudilla. padagaLa naDuve baraballa ottakSaragaLallU samskruta mattu kannaDa nuDigaLa naDuve vyatyAsavide. samskrutada bhakta, ajYAna, vatsa, matsya modalAda padagaLalli naDuve bandiruva kt, jY, ts, tsy modalAda halavu bageya ottakSaragaLu kannaDa padagaLalli kANisuvudilla.
(3) eraDu illavE heccu padagaLannu oTTusErisi hosa padagaLannu tayArisuva holabugaLu I eraDu nuDigaLalli bEre bErAgive. samskrutadalli sAmAnyavAgi hesarupadagaLannu mAtra intaha racanegaLalli baLasalAguttade; Adare, kannaDadalli hesarupada (talegUdalu, bayalATa), esakapada (cuccumaddu, kaDegOlu) mattu paricepadagaLemba (doDDamma, bisinIru) mUru bageya padagaLannU intaha racanegaLalli baLasalu baruttade.
(4) kannaDadalli sAmAnyavAgi eraDakkinta heccu padagaLannu I rIti jODisuvudu aparUpa; Adare, samskrutadalli mUru-nAlku padagaLannu sErisi racisiruva jODupadagaLU bEkAdaSTive (pUrvajanmakxtan, mattamAtangagAmi, sakalanItiSAstratatvajYaH).
(5) oTTu(pratyaya)gaLannu sErisi hosa padagaLannu tayArisuva viSayadallU kannaDa samskrutakkinta bErAgide. kannaDadalli ondakkinta heccu oTTugaLannu sErisi racisiruva padagaLu tumbA kaDime; Adare, samskrutada heccina padagaLallU eraDu illavE heccu oTTugaLu sEriruvudannu kANabahudu (a-jYAn-i, kar-tx-tva). kannaDadalli oTTugaLannu padagaLa koneyalli mAtra baLasalu baruttade; Adare, samskrutadalli avannu padagaLa modaligU baLasabahudu (satya-asatya, svAgata-susvAgata, jIvi-nirjIvi, rakShaNe-samrakShaNe).
(6) padakke pada sEridAga, illavE padakke oTTu sEridAga, avugaLalli naDeyuva sErikeya badalAvaNegaLu kannaDa mattu samskruta nuDigaLalli bEre bErAgive: ikArada anantara akAra bandAga, kannaDadalli ikAra bidduhOgi akAra uLiyuttade (alli+alli=allalli); Adare, samskrutadalli ikAra yakAravAguttade (ati+alpa=atyalpa). akArada anantara ikAra bandarU kannaDadalli intahadE modalaneya svara bidduhOgi eraDaneyadu uLiyuttade (allinda+iLidu=allindiLidu); Adare, samskrutadalli averaDU bidduhOgi hosadondu svara (EkAra) bandusEruttade (rAja+indra=rAjEndra).
(7) oTTugaLannu sErisi hosapadagaLannu racisuvalli kannaDa mattu samskrutagaLa naDuve halavu mukyavAda vyatyAsagaLive: samskruta padagaLige ya illavE ika oTTannu sErisidAga, halavu toDakAda sErikeya niyamagaLu baLakeyAguttave. padagaLa modalige baruva giDDa akAra udda A endAguvudu (capala-cApalya, pramANa-prAmANika), i, I mattu E svaragaLu ay endAguvudu (nisarga-naysargika, dIna-daynya, cEtana-caytanya), u, U mattu O svaragaLu av endAguvudu (sukha-savkhya, pUrvAhna-pavrvAhnika, lOka-lavkika) modalAdavu intaha kelavu samskrutada niyamagaLu.
Adare, kannaDadalli oTTugaLannu sErisi padagaLannu racisuvalli ivakkinta tIra bErAgiruva sErikeya niyamagaLu baLakeyAguttave. ivu (kannaDigara maTTige) samskrutada sErikeya niyamagaLaSTu toDakinavAgilla. kannaDa padagaLige ike oTTannu sErisidAga padagaLa koneya ukAra bidduhOguttade (baLalu-baLalike, hogaLu-hogaLike, anju-anjike) mattu padagaLa koneya ikAra hAgeyE uLidu ike oTTina modala svara bidduhOguttade (iri-irike, tiri-tirike, iLi-iLike).
kannaDada sogaDu samskrutada sogaDiginta tIra bErAdudu embudannu avu baLasuva padagaLa svarUpadalli kANisuvantaha I vyatyAsagaLu tumbA spaSTavAgi tOrisikoDuttave. kannaDa barahadalli heccu heccu samskruta padagaLannu avugaLalli svalpavU badalAvaNeyannu mADade baLasidalli antaha baraha tannadE Ada sogaDannu pUrti kaLedukoLLuttade. I rIti tanna huTTusogaDannu kaLedukoLLuva baraha tannatanavannU kaLedukoLLuttade, mattu adara jIvantike naSTavAgi adaralli krutakate tumbikoLLuttade. idallade, antaha barahakkU heccina kannaDigara mAtigU naDuve doDDa kandakavErpaTTu, adu avarellarindalU dUravAguttade. yAkendare, baraha A rIti badalAdAgalU janara ADunuDi adakkanuguNavAgi badalAguvudilla. adu tanna padasvarUpavannu mattu jIvantikeyannu uLisikonDiruttade.
idakke kAraNavEnendare, ADunuDiyannu makkaLu tamma beLavaNigeya angavAgi paDeyuttAre; adannu makkaLige yArU kalisikoDabEkAgilla. hAgAgi, ondu talemArininda innondu talemArige mAreDegoLLuvAga, adu tirutirugi hosatanavannu mattu jIvantikeyannu paDeyuttiruttade. Adare, barahavannu makkaLu SAleyalli doDDavara neravininda kaliyabEkAguttade; adannu avaru tamma beLavaNigeya angavAgi paDeyuvudilla.
hAgAgi, barahagAraru kAladinda kAlakke adannu hosadAgisikoLLadiddare, mattu ADunuDige hattiravAguvante mArpaDisikoLLadiddare, adu krutakavAguttA hOgi tanna huTTusogaDannu mattu jIvantikeyannu kaLedukoLLuttade. kannaDadalli kate-kAdambarigaLannu bareyuvavaru tamma baraha I rIti krutakavAgadante nODikoLLuttAre; Adare, bEre bageya barahagaLannu bareyuvavaru idannu mADalu hOgadudarindAgi ivattu antaha barahagaLu tumbA krutakavAgiddu sAmAnya janarige tiLiyada hAgAgive.
(I baraha vijayakaranATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)
bhAga 35: drAviDa nuDigaLu aydalla, ippattAru!
nuDiyarimeya iNukunOTa – 35
kannaDa, tamiLu, malayALa, telugu mattu tuLu embudAgi oTTu drAviDa nuDigaLa eNike aydu mAtra (pancadrAviDa) emba anisike ivattigU halavu janarallide. kelavaru I paTTiyalli tuLuvina badalu marATiyannu sErisuttAre; Adare, marATi drAviDa nuDiyalla, inDO-Arayan nuDi.
karanATakadallEnE koDagu emba innondu drAviDa nuDi iruvudannu I drAviDa nuDigaLa paTTiyannu koDuvavaru maretantide. dakSiNa kannaDa mattu uDupi jillegaLalli koraga emba mattondu drAviDa nuDiyU baLakeyallide. idallade, nIlagiriya guDDakADugaLalli toda, kOta, kurumba, mattu iruLa emba bEreyU nAlku drAviDa nuDigaLu baLakeyallive.
mElina I hannondu nuDigaLalli telugu nuDiyondannu biTTu uLida hattu nuDigaLannu tenkudrAviDa emba nuDigumpinalli sErisi hELalAguttade, mattu telugu nuDiyannu bEre ELu nuDigaLondige sErisi tenku-naDudrAviDavemba bErondu nuDigumpannu mADalAguttade. I tenku-naDudrAviDa gumpinalli telugu nuDiyallade sumAru 24 lakSa janara mAtAgiruva gOnDi mattu ArUvare lakSa janara mAtAgiruva kUyi nuDigaLu baruttave. uLidante, kuvi, konDa, pengo, mattu manDa emba nuDigaLU I gumpinalli sEruttave.
kOlAmi, nAyki, pAraji, ollAri, mattu gadaba emba aydu nuDigaLannu naDudrAviDavemba bEreyE ondu nuDigumpinalli sErisalAguttade. I nuDigaLannADuvavaru mukyavAgi AndrapradESa, madyapradESa mattu orissAgaLalli nelesiddAre. idallade, kuDuk, mAlTO, mattu brAhuyI emba bEre mUru nuDigaLannu baDagudrAviDavemba innondu nuDigumpinalli sErisalAguttade. I mUru nuDigaLalli kuDuk nuDiyannu sumAru 20 lakSa mandi ADuttiddu, ivaru mukyavAgi orissAdalli nelesiddAre; nEpALada danagara janAngadavarU idE nuDiyannADuttAre. mAlTO nuDiyannADuva ondu lakSa mandi bihArada rAjamahal guDDagaLalli nelesiddAre, mattu brAhuyI nuDiyannADuva 20 lakSa mandi mukyavAgi pAkistAnada balUcistAnadalli nelesiddAre; apgAnistAna mattu irAnnallU brAhuyI nuDiyannADuvavaru halavariddAre.
I rIti, nAlku mukya gumpugaLalli sEruva drAviDa nuDigaLa oTTu eNike ippattAru endu hELabahudu. Adare, halaveDegaLalli yAvudannu ondu nuDi endu kareyabEku, mattu yAvudannu bariya oLanuDi endu tiLiyabEku embudannu kacitavAgi tIramAnisalu baruvudilla. ettugegAgi, nIlagiriyalli baLakeyalliruva baDaga janara mAtannu kelavaru kannaDada oLanuDiyendu kareyuttAre, mattu bEre kelavaru adondu bEreyE nuDiyendU hELuttAre. hAgAgi, oTTu drAviDa nuDigaLu eSTive embudannu kacitavAgi hELalu baruvudilla; hAgiddarU, adu aydakkinta heccu embudaralli yAva samSayavU illa.
hindina ondu kAladalli drAviDaru bAratadalli elleDegaLallU nelesiddirabEku, mattu inDO-Arayan nuDigaLannADuva janaru baDagu nADugaLinda bAratakke valase banda mEle, halavAru mandi drAviDa nuDigaLannADuva janaru tamma nuDigaLannu kaLedukonDu marATi, gujarAti, oDiyA, hindi modalAda inDO-Arayan nuDigaLannADuvantAgirabEkendu halavu mandi arivigaru tIramAnakke bandiddAre. bAratadalli baLakeyalliruva I inDO-Arayan nuDigaLu halavu viSayagaLalli drAviDa nuDigaLannu hOluttiruvudakke avugaLa ADugaru modalige drAviDa nuDigaLannADuttiddudE kAraNavirabEkendU tiLiyalAguttide.
bAratadalli baLakeyalliruva hindi, marATi, gujarAti modalAda inDO-Arayan nuDigaLannu yurOpina ingliS, jaraman, spEniS, iTEliyan modalAda nuDigaLondige sambandisalu sAdyavAgide; Adare, drAviDa nuDigaLannu A rIti bEre yAva nuDigaLondigU ellarigU oppigeyAguvante iduvarege sambandisalu sAdyavAgilla. hAgAgi, inDO-Arayan nuDigaLu bAratakke horagininda banduvendu hELalu sAdyavAguvante drAviDa nuDigaLu horagininda banduvendu hELalu sAdyavAguvudilla.
nuDigaLa eNikeya kuritu mAtanADuvAga innondu samSayavU halavarannu kADuttade; kannaDa, tamiLu, telugu mattu malayALa emba nAlku nuDigaLige avugaLadE Ada lipiyide; Adare, uLidavugaLalli yAvudakkU adaradE Ada lipiyilla (ittIcege avugaLalli kelavakke lipigaLannu aLavaDisalAgide). lipiyillada nuDigaLannu lipiyiruvavugaLondige saridUgisabahudE embudE I samSaya. aydaneya drAviDa nuDiyAgi kelavaru tuLuvina badalu marATiyannu hesarisuttiruvudakke idE kAraNavirabahudu.
Adare, nuDigaLa eNikegU avakke lipiyideyE, endare avannu barahakke iLisalAgideyE embudakkU naDuve yAva sambandavU illa. mukyavAgi, eraDu nuDigaLa naDuve vyatyAsa eSTide embudara mEle averaDu ondE nuDiya oLanuDigaLE illavE bEre bEre nuDigaLE embudannu tIramAnisalAguttade. idallade, inDO-Arayan, drAviDa embantaha nuDigaLa gumpisuvikegU avu baLasuva lipigaLigU naDuve yAva sambandavU illa. nijakkU bAratada nuDigaLu baLasuva lipigaLalli heccinavU brAhmI lipi emba ondE mUladinda bandive.
halavu nuDigaLu ondE lipiyannu baLasuttiraballuvu, mattu ondE nuDi halavu lipigaLannu baLasuttiraballudu: marATi, hindi, mattu nEpAli nuDigaLu baLasuva lipigaLa naDuve heccina vyatyAsavEnilla, mattu telugu hAgU kannaDa lipigaLu hadinenTanE SatamAnada varege ondE lipiyAgidduvu. konkaNi nuDi rOman, nAgari, mattu kannaDa lipigaLannu baLasuttide, mattu sindi nuDi nAgari mattu parasO-arEbik lipigaLannu baLasuttide. idallade, maNipuri, malayALa modalAda bEre kelavu nuDigaLu tammalli baLakeyallidda lipiyannu biTTukoTTu bEre lipiyannu baLasatoDagive. hAgAgi, nuDigaLu lipiyannu baLasuvudu ondu maTTige janaru uDupannu baLasuva hAge ennabahudu.
Adare, drAviDa mattu inDO-Arayan emba nuDigaLa vingaDanege avugaLa naDuvina vyatyAsavE mukya AdAravAgide: eraDu nuDigaLu ondE nuDikuTumbakke sEriveyendu hELabEkiddalli, averaDara naDuve kANisuva vyatyAsagaLalli heccinavU avugaLa hinnaDavaLiyalli naDeda mArapADugaLindAgi mUDibandiveyembudannu tOrisikoDalu sAdyavAgabEku. mEle paTTimADida ippattAru drAviDa nuDigaLa naDuve kANisuva vyatyAsagaLalli heccinavannU I rIti avugaLa hinnaDavaLiyalli naDediveyendu hELahudAda mArapADugaLa mUlaka vivarisalu sAdyavAgide. hAgAgi, avannella oTTige ondE nuDikuTumbadalli gumpisalAgide.
(I baraha vijayakaranATaka suddihALeya ’ellara kannaDa’ ankaNadalli modalu mUDibandittu)